COVID CDC Lock Down Procedures (7)
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9035
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Information Systems
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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doc
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Project Plan
Name: Davara Ponds
Learner ID: 2356590
Learner Email Address: dponds1@capellauniversity.edu
School: Capella University
Program/Specialization: Emergency Management
Type of project (e.g., dissertation, capstone, etc.): Capstone
Methodology – Quantitative or Qualitative: Qualitative
Quarter/Year of V8926 completion: Spring 2003
Project topic
The topic proposal is grounded in a problem and aligned with the program of study.
Alignment to the Program of Study
Presents an introduction to a clear topic proposal grounded in a problem within the program, project, and topic. Suggested length 1 paragraph. The proposed study focuses on the effectiveness of information management through
social media during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown as conducted by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), specifically analyzing the situation in Brooklyn, New York
(Miao et al., 2022). According to Wasi et al. (2021) and Madhav and Tyagi (2022), the Covid-19
epidemic brought unheard-of difficulties for governments everywhere, necessitating prompt and
effective information sharing with the general public. To effectively communicate important
information to the public and coordinate response actions, the research will look into information
management through social media systems in Brooklyn during the lockdown.
According to Goniewicz et al. (2020), in a crisis like the Covid-19 pandemic, efficient
information management and sharing techniques are essential to reducing the outbreak’s effects
and preserving public safety. Wolkin et al. (2019)
underline the advantages of social media
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Project Plan
platforms, including their capacity for rapid mass communication, two-way interaction, and real-
time updates. Emergency management organizations can benefit from using social media
platforms as useful tools since they can communicate crucial information, alerts, and instructions
to the general public (Wolkin et al., 2019). The study will focus on social media to disseminate
crucial information about social distancing measures, safety measures, testing facilities, and
vaccination campaigns. The study aims to pinpoint areas for development in these techniques’
strengths and flaws to make suggestions for bettering future crisis communication tactics in
comparable situations.
Project Problem
Clearly stated problem aligns with the program, reflects literature gap or practice issue, and identifies the population of interest. Problem to be Addressed
Describe a general and specific problem that is clearly defined and aligned with the program, including what the problem is, who is experiencing the problem, where the problem exists, and the professional/organizational context. Suggested length 1 paragraph. The proposed study aims to address the specific problem of the effectiveness of social
media during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown as managed by the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) in Brooklyn, specifically focusing on how the strategy of using the digital
platform/ social media could have been improved. Many parties were affected by the issue,
including all Brooklyn residents, who relied on fast and accurate information to deal with the
difficulties of the lockdown social distancing measures (Kang et al., 2020). These strategies’
efficacy also impacted crisis response and management organizations, local government
authorities, and healthcare professionals (Ye et al., 2021; Maher & Hindery, 2020). Since social
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Project Plan
media served as the leading informational resource for the afflicted populace, the problem
affected both conventional media outlets and digital platforms, including official websites
(Papathanassopoulos et al., 2021). The study by Liu et al. (2021) analyzes data from Twitter to
understand the dynamics of interagency coordination during the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic. The authors investigate the interactions and information sharing among organizations,
including public health agencies, government agencies, and emergency management
organizations
. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) managing the pandemic
response in Brooklyn were included in the professional and organizational framework (Madad et
al., 2021).
Gap
Present an analysis of a gap in alignment with the problem and place within the program. Addresses the broader questions of "who cares" and "why now." Suggested length 1 paragraph. An analysis of the gap within the literature review reveals a need for more focus on the
role of social media, specifically during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn
(Chowdhury et al., 2021). Additionally, according to Kirby et al. (2023), there is a great need to
research social media use among emergency agencies to facilitate communication during a crisis.
Robinson et al. (2022) also identified a gap in the literature about the efficiency of social media
since most studies have limited themselves to the traditional model of communication during
emergencies (Robinson et al. (2022). More so, Grace (2021) identified a significant gap in the
literature about social media use since most studies have indicated that municipal responders
prefer social media when combined with multisensory information (Grace, 2021). Subsequently,
Abbas et al. (2021) also stated that early research in the field of health crisis usually concentrated
on user channel selection. According to Abbas et al. (2021), earlier studies indicated that people
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tended to rely on traditional media during health crises (Abbas et al., 2021). While there have
been studies on crisis communication and information management during pandemics, there is a
dearth of research specifically examining the effectiveness of strategies employed in the context
of Brooklyn’s lockdown social distancing measures (Miao et al., 2022). This gap is significant
because understanding the strengths and weaknesses of the existing strategies and identifying
areas for improvement is crucial for future crisis response and management efforts (Wang &
Wang, 2020). The study will contribute to the existing literature by providing insights into the
specific challenges in Brooklyn and proposing recommendations for enhancing information
management and sharing strategies during similar crises. It addresses the pressing questions of
“who cares” by acknowledging the importance of effective information management for the
well-being and safety of the population and “why now” by recognizing the need to learn from the
Covid-19 pandemic to improve future crisis communication strategies. Supporting Evidence
The literature review addresses previous relevant projects and articulates theoretical (practice) orientation. Primary Orientation
Provide an introduction to the review of scholarly literature, an argument for conducting the review, and a primary theoretical (and practice) orientation. Suggested length 1-2 paragraphs. The primary theoretical orientation of this study revolves around leadership theories in
the context of crisis management and technology implementation. Leadership is crucial in
guiding and influencing effective information management and sharing practices during
challenging times (Dirani et al., 2020; Dwivedi et al., 2020; Wherton et al., 2020; Morse, 2020
).
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Project Plan
As pinpointed by Kumar and Sharma (2018), by examining leadership theories, such as
transformational leadership or adaptive leadership, we can understand the impact of leadership
styles, behaviors, and decision-making processes on the effectiveness of information
management.
Green et al. (2020) stress the importance of proactive measures to secure emergency alert
systems against cybersecurity threats. By implementing robust security measures and adopting a comprehensive approach, emergency management agencies can enhance the resilience and reliability of these critical communication systems, ultimately improving public safety during emergencies.
From a practical perspective, this study aims to explore innovative uses of social media in
enhancing information management and sharing during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown by the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It will analyze the implementation and
evaluation of various technological solutions, such as digital platforms and communication tools,
to facilitate efficient and timely information flow between relevant stakeholders. The findings
will provide practical recommendations for improving digital platform management strategies in
Brooklyn, considering the unique challenges posed by the pandemic and the specific needs of the
local community.
Efforts to Address the Problem
Provide a synthesized review of the scholarly literature to expose, explain, and analyze previous scholarly efforts to address the problem. Suggested length 1-2 paragraphs.
Efforts to address the problem of information management and sharing strategies through
social media during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown have been the subject of scholarly inquiry.
Several studies, like Carnevale and Hatak (2020), have focused on understanding the challenges
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Project Plan
and exploring potential solutions to improve the effectiveness of these strategies. Wolf-Fordham,
(2020) emphasizes the need to break down silos and foster collaboration between local
emergency management and public health departments. The author argues that successful
emergency planning and response require integrating both departments' resources, expertise, and
communication channels. By working together, these entities can better anticipate and address
the challenges that arise during emergencies, including managing and disseminating critical
information.
The significance of utilizing technology to improve information management during the
epidemic has been emphasized by academics such as Barnes (2020), Fernandez and Shaw
(2020), and Pandey and Pal (2020). For instance, research by Subudhi & Palai (2020) highlights
the importance of digital platform tools in promoting a smooth information flow between the
CDC and the general public. According to the research conducted by Tangcharoensathien et al.
(2020), digital solutions can increase information’s accuracy, accessibility, and speed, resulting
in more effective resource allocation and decision-making. Studies have also looked at how
leadership influences efficient information management techniques. Research by Barrane et al.
(2021) emphasizes the value of effective leadership in building transparent communication
channels, encouraging openness, and developing stakeholder trust. According to Valeriani et al.
(2020), effective leadership empowers people to make educated decisions and follow lockdown
protocols by ensuring that the public receives accurate and timely information. Subsequently, a
study by Grace (2021) outlined that social media is efficient in emergency management, and thus
barriers should be centered through multisensory integration in emergency management systems.
Subsequently, Chen et al. (2023) stated that it is important for authorities to “encourage
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Project Plan
professional media practitioners to conduct online interactive live streams about the issues most
pressing or concerning to the public during a crisis” (Chen et al., 2023.p.18). Synthesis of the Evidence
Provide a logically organized and synthesized review and analysis of the literature in close alignment with the topic, problem, and gap. Suggested length 1-2 paragraphs.
The synthesis of the literature reveals a clear alignment with the topic of information
management and sharing strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Scholars have identified the
significance of leveraging technology, particularly digital platforms and online communication
tools, to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of information exchange (Secundo et al.,
2021). According to Bin-Naeem and Kamel-Boulos (2021), these digital solutions offer the
potential for faster, more accurate, and accessible information dissemination among government
agencies, healthcare providers, and the public. Furthermore, the literature emphasizes the crucial
role of leadership in driving effective information management practices (Lee et al., 2021).
Strong leadership ensures the establishment of clear communication channels, promotes
transparency, and fosters trust among stakeholders (Gara & La Porte, 2020). By providing
accurate and timely information, leaders enable individuals to make informed decisions and
comply with the implemented social distancing measures (Nicola et al., 2020).
The synthesized evidence highlights the gap in current practices and the potential for
improvement in information management and sharing strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic
(Stojan et al., 2022). While previous efforts have recognized the importance of technology and
leadership, there is still room for further exploration and implementation of innovative
approaches. Grace (2021) argues that social media data integration with other sensor data can
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Project Plan
offer insightful information on the requirements of impacted communities during catastrophes.
Emergency management systems can use these details to plan resource allocation and reaction
times. Emergency management can prioritize their response efforts, for instance, if social media
data shows a certain area is significantly affected. By addressing this gap, future research can
enhance the effectiveness of information management, promote public adherence to social
distancing measures, and ultimately mitigate the impact of the pandemic in Brooklyn.
Purpose of the Project and Project Questions
Purpose and questions align with the topic, problem, and supporting evidence, including the definition of terms.
Purpose of the Project
Provide one-to-two sentences aligned with the topic, problem, gap in practice, and project question to state the project
's purpose.
This project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of information management and sharing strategies through digital platforms during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn and identify potential areas for improvement to enhance the overall response and mitigate the impact of the pandemic. Statement of Primary Question(s)
Provide 1-3 project questions that align with the topic, problem, and supporting evidence within the program. Suggested length 1 paragraph.
The primary questions for this project are:
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Project Plan
1.
How effective were the information management and sharing strategies through digital platforms implemented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn?
2.
What were the key challenges and shortcomings encountered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) during the information management and sharing practices during the pandemic?
3.
How could the information management and sharing strategies have been improved to enhance communication and facilitate a more efficient response by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to the pandemic in Brooklyn?
Definition of Terms
Present a list of terms and definitions related to the program, topic, problem, gap, program, and project framework. This is a working section you will continue to update in future courses. Suggested length 1 paragraph. CDC- According
to
Mead
et al. (2019), CDC stands for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Social Media
– interactions among people in which they create, share, and/or exchange information and ideas through and in virtual communities and networks (Kang et al., 2020)
.
Covid-19
- According to Le
et al. (2020), Coronavirus disease 2019 is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Lockdown procedures
: A set of measures and restrictions implemented by authorities to limit the movement and activities of individuals within a specific area or region (Le et al., 2020
). 9
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Information management
– the collection, storage, and maintenance of information (Kang et al.,
2020)
. Information sharing
– the voluntary act of making information that is possessed by someone made known to others (Kang et al., 2020)
. Pandemic
- is a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease over a whole country or the world at a particular time (
Le
et al., 2020
). New York City – is the most populous city in the United States (
Borjas, 2020
).
Brooklyn is a borough within New York City in Kings County (
Borjas, 2020
).
New York
– is a state in the northeastern portion of the United States, the 27
th
largest state by area and the 4
th
most populous state in the United States (
Borjas, 2020
).
If you are seeking Topic Endorsement in XX-V8926 – Doctoral Project Development - Topic Approval,
you only need to complete the sections above for approval. Proposed Project Framework
The methodological approach is clearly defined and includes constructs, phenomena, variables, and population.
Methodological Approach
Provide a description and explanation of the methodological approach. The methodological approach must align with the topic, problem, supporting evidence, and data sources. Suggested length 2-3 paragraphs.
This qualitative study will entail gathering and analyzing numerical data to determine how well the CDC's information management and sharing techniques are working. Surveying or 10
Project Plan
polling Brooklyn people may accomplish this to determine their familiarity with, comprehension of, and contentment with the information available via social media platforms. In order to measure the effectiveness of the CDC's communication efforts, quantifiable information may also be gathered directly from social media platforms, such as engagement metrics (likes, shares,
and comments).
In-depth interviews or focus groups with key participants in the information management and sharing practices during the pandemic, including representatives from the CDC, regional emergency management agencies, public health departments, and community organizations, will be conducted as part of the qualitative component of the research. These qualitative techniques will provide insightful information on the difficulties and shortfalls the CDC faced and viewpoints on how the initiatives may have been improved. Thematic analysis is one approach for qualitative data analysis that may be used to find recurring themes, patterns, and suggestions for improving communication and response activities.
The data sources for this study will include official CDC communications through social media platforms, publicly available data on Covid-19 cases, testing facilities, and vaccination campaigns in Brooklyn, as well as existing literature on crisis communication and social media use during emergencies.
This study's mixed-methods methodology will provide readers with a thorough knowledge of how well information exchange and management measures worked during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn. As a result of the triangulation of results made possible by integrating qualitative data, the study's conclusions will be more legitimate and reliable.
Population and Sample (including site if necessary)
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Project Plan
Describe the general target population (e.g., size, characteristics). Suggested length 1-2 paragraphs. The people of Brooklyn, New York, who were subject to the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown, are the study's broad target demographic. The most populous borough of New York City is Brooklyn, which has a diversified population of many different age groups, nationalities, socioeconomic origins, and educational levels. With an expected population of more than 2.5 million as of 2020, Brooklyn has a sizable target population. The population's dynamic and varied traits reflect the borough's multiracial makeup. When evaluating the efficacy of information management and sharing techniques via social media, it is crucial to consider the many socio-demographic characteristics, such as economic differences, language preferences, and access to digital technology. Constructs, Phenomena, Variables
Present evidence and explanation for the final choice of framework. Constructs, phenomena, and/or variables must align with the topic, problem, gap, and project questions. Suggested length 2-3 paragraphs
.
The choice of constructs, phenomena, and variables in the proposed framework aligns with the topic, problem, identified gap in the literature, and project questions related to the effectiveness of information management and sharing strategies through digital platforms during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn.
Constructs
:
The degree to which the information management and sharing procedures put in place by the CDC were successful in attaining their intended aims during the pandemic is referred to as the construct's effectiveness. It may be assessed using metrics including the target population's 12
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knowledge and comprehension of essential messages, adherence to social isolation policies, use of testing facilities and immunization programs, and general public satisfaction with the information presented.
Phenomena
:
Challenges and Shortcomings: This phenomenon focuses on identifying the specific obstacles and limitations encountered by the CDC in its information management and sharing practices during the pandemic. It involves exploring communication barriers, misinformation or disinformation, language accessibility, technological constraints, and coordination issues between agencies and organizations involved in crisis communication.
Variables
:
Reach and Engagement on Social Media: This variable captures the extent of the CDC's reach and engagement with the target population through social media platforms. It can be measured using metrics such as the number of followers, likes, shares, comments, and impressions generated by the CDC's social media posts.
Awareness and Understanding: This variable assess the awareness and understanding of crucial information related to social distancing measures, safety protocols, testing facilities, and vaccination campaigns among the target population. It can be measured through survey questions
or Likert scale items that evaluate individuals' knowledge and comprehension of the communicated messages.
Proposed Data Sources
Instrumentation and data collection tools address project concepts; ethical threats and their mitigation are detailed.
Measures or Artifacts to be Reviewed
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Project Plan
Description of Data Collection Tools:
Surveys/Questionnaires: Surveys or questionnaires will be used for data collection. These tools will assess participants' knowledge, comprehension, and satisfaction with the CDC's information management and sharing techniques during the Brooklyn pandemic lockdown. Survey questions will match the research framework and project questions, structures, and variables. The questionnaire will collect qualitative data via Likert scale, multiple-choice, and open-ended questions. Online surveys through email or web platforms will make participation and data gathering easier.
Social Media Metrics: Relevant information will be gathered from the CDC's official social media accounts to evaluate the reach and engagement on social media platforms. In order to do this, metrics must be retrieved, including the amount of impressions, followers, likes, shares, and
comments the CDC's postings received. These numerical measurements may be gathered via social media APIs or social media listening technologies. The CDC's information management and sharing techniques throughout the pandemic will be examined using the gathered social media data.
In-depth Interviews/Focus Groups: In-depth interviews or focus groups with important stakeholders engaged in information management during the pandemic will be held for the study's qualitative component. Because the interviews will be semi-structured, there will be room
for open-ended conversations on the difficulties, flaws, and suggestions associated with crisis communication through digital media. A focus group or interview methodology will be created to maintain consistency and cover all pertinent subjects. With the participants' permission, the interviews and focus groups will be audio or video recorded and transcribed for analysis. Detailed Procedures
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Project Plan
Detailed Procedures for Completing the Instruments
The link to the online survey or questionnaire will be supplied to participants, or they will get the
questionnaire through email. At the start of the survey, clear instructions will be provided defining the research goal and ensuring participants that their answers will be kept personal and anonymous. Participants will be instructed to thoroughly read each question before selecting an option or offering written responses to open-ended inquiries. The Likert scale items often employ
a numerical rating scale or a range from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Participants will be urged to provide truthful, precise replies based on their observations and impressions. They will be informed of the anticipated time needed to complete the survey, and a due date will be given.
Participants for in-depth interviews or focus groups will be selected based on their roles and involvement in information management during the pandemic. The researchers will contact potential participants, explain the purpose of the study, and request their voluntary participation. Once participants agree to participate, a suitable date, time, and location (in the case of in-person
interviews/focus groups) will be arranged. Participants will obtain informed consent before the interview/focus group session. The interviews/focus groups will be conducted by trained researchers using a semi-structured interview guide or focus group protocol. The guide/protocol will cover relevant topics on the effectiveness of information management and sharing strategies.
The researchers will facilitate discussions, ask probing questions, and encourage participants to provide detailed and comprehensive responses. The interviews/focus groups will be audio or video recorded (with participants' consent) to ensure accurate data capture and detailed notes will
also be taken during the sessions.
Validity/Reliability/Credibility/Dependability
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Potential Threats to Trustworthiness (Qualitative Techniques)
:
Researcher Bias
: The presence of researcher bias can influence the interpretation and analysis of qualitative data. Researchers will engage in reflexivity to mitigate this, acknowledging their biases and preconceived notions. Multiple researchers can also collect and analyze data to provide different perspectives and ensure inter-rater reliability. Regular discussions among the research team will be held to examine and challenge assumptions, enhancing the trustworthiness of the qualitative findings.
Sampling Bias
: In qualitative research, sampling bias can occur if the selected participants do not
adequately represent the target population or if certain perspectives are overrepresented or underrepresented. To address this, purposeful sampling techniques will be employed to ensure diversity in participant characteristics and experiences. The research team will continually assess
the sample composition during data collection and, if necessary, make adjustments to ensure a more comprehensive representation of the population under study.
Proposed Data Collection
Describe sampling, recruitment, data collection procedures, and potential ethical considerations.
Sampling Strategy, Number of participants
Sampling Strategy
The sampling strategy for this study will employ a combination of probability and non-
probability sampling techniques to ensure a comprehensive representation of the target population while also including specific subgroups of interest.
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Project Plan
Probability Sampling
: Utilizing stratified random sampling, representativeness and generalizability will be attained. The target audience will be divided into groups based on socioeconomic position, ethnicity, age, and other demographic characteristics. Participants will be chosen randomly from each stratum using a random number generator or other suitable methods. This sampling strategy will guarantee that various demographic subgroups within the population have an equal opportunity to be included in the research, offering a more accurate representation of the full population of Brooklyn inhabitants.
Non-Probability Sampling
: Non-probability sampling techniques will also be used in addition to probability sampling to include certain subgroups that are especially relevant to the study aims. Participants will be selected by convenience sampling from certain communities, organizations, or institutions that have made important contributions to information management during the epidemic. Key participants, including officials from the CDC, regional emergency services, public health departments, and community groups, will be chosen using purposeful sampling. The opinions of these significant stakeholders will be incorporated into the research as a result of
this focused approach, which will also provide insightful information about the difficulties and suggested solutions for crisis communication through digital platforms.
This sampling technique justifies itself by allowing for a balance between representativeness and
depth of knowledge. While non-probability sampling enables the inclusion of certain subgroups with distinctive experiences and viewpoints, probability sampling assures the generalizability of results to the greater community of Brooklyn residents. Using broad trends and specific insights, this combination thoroughly analyzes the efficiency of information management and sharing tactics during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn. The sampling plan aligns with the 17
Project Plan
study's goals and will provide a representative sample of the population for data gathering and analysis.
Recruitment Procedures
Provide a recruitment process to identify, screen, and recruit participants as it aligns with the methodological approach. Present the inclusion and exclusion criteria for participating in the project. Suggested length 2-3 paragraphs.
Recruitment Process
Identification
: Finding prospective participants who satisfy the requirements to be included in the
research will be the first stage in recruiting. This may be accomplished using various techniques, including studying government documents, getting in touch with relevant organizations, and using existing networks and connections in the disaster management and public health fields.
Screening
: Following the identification of possible participants, a screening procedure will be used to determine each one's eligibility in light of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The target population and the study aims will align with the criteria. People who lived in Brooklyn during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown, people working in information management and communication, people with a certain level of experience or knowledge in emergency management, and people with a certain level of expertise in public health are a few examples of inclusion criteria. People who don't fulfill the residence requirements or aren't actively engaged in information management during the epidemic may be excluded.
Recruitment
: After the screening, eligible people will get invitations to participate in the research. Depending on the participants' choices and availability, the invitation may be sent through email, phone call, or in-person meeting. Potential participants will be made fully aware 18
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of the study's objectives, the voluntary nature of participation, and the confidentiality of their answers. They will be informed about the research goals, how the data will be collected, and any possible dangers or advantages of participating. Before each subject participates in the research, their informed permission will be sought.
Participants will be chosen based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria thanks to
the methodical and moral recruiting approach that will be used. This method will assist in identifying people who may participate in the study's goals and give crucial information on how well information exchange and management tactics worked during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Brooklyn.
Data Collection Process
Step-by-Step Data Collection Process
Survey Development
: Design surveys or questionnaires that capture the constructs and variables identified in the research framework. The questions should align with the research objectives and
project questions. Consider incorporating Likert scale items, multiple-choice, and open-ended questions to gather qualitative data.
Sampling Strategy
: Depending on the target demographic, decide on the sample size and the criteria for selection. Use a mix of probability- and non-probability-based sampling strategies. Stratified random sampling may be used in probability sampling to assure representation from various demographic groups. To include certain subgroups with distinctive viewpoints, non-
probability sampling techniques like convenience sampling or purposive sampling might be utilized.
Data Collection
: Give the chosen sample the questionnaires to complete. Depending on the accessibility and interests of the participants, this may be done through various techniques such 19
Project Plan
as online surveys, phone interviews, or in-person interviews. Prior to data collection, get the subjects' informed permission. Establish a sufficient timetable for responding and ensure clear instructions are given for completing the questionnaires.
Qualitative Data Collection
: Conduct in-depth interviews or focus groups with key stakeholders involved in information management during the pandemic. This includes representatives from the CDC, local emergency agencies, public health departments, and community organizations. Use semi-structured interview protocols to explore challenges, shortcomings, and recommendations related to crisis communication through digital platforms.
Data Management and Security
: Establish robust data management procedures to ensure privacy,
confidentiality, and data security. Anonymize or pseudonymize participant information, securely store data in encrypted formats and limit access to authorized researchers. Comply with ethical guidelines and obtain necessary approvals from relevant institutional review boards or ethics committees.
Data Analysis
: Analyze the collected data using appropriate qualitative analysis techniques. Qualitative data can be analyzed using thematic or content analysis to identify common themes and patterns.
Data Interpretation and Reporting
: Interpret the results of the data analysis in the context of the research objectives and project questions. Present findings through clear, concise summaries, tables, figures, and narratives. Discuss the implications of the findings and provide recommendations for enhancing information management and sharing strategies during similar crises.
.
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Project Plan
Ethical Considerations
Identify potential ethical issues and provide a proposed plan to adhere to strict ethical standards. Include
details regarding privacy, confidentiality, and data security procedures and concerns. Suggested length 1-2 paragraphs.
Potential Ethical Issues
To guarantee participants' voluntary involvement in the research, it is essential to get their informed consent. Before collecting data, it is crucial to gain participants' agreement and thoroughly explain the research's aim, methods, possible dangers, and advantages.
Privacy and Confidentiality
: Ensuring the participants' privacy and confidentiality is significant. It is crucial to treat their personal information with utmost confidentially since the project entails gathering data from those afflicted by the Covid-19 epidemic. Participants should be reassured that their names will be anonymized and that the data they provide will only be utilized for the study. Further data security measures must be implemented to safeguard the acquired data against loss, illegal access, or disclosure. This involves securing data storage, encrypting data transmission, and granting access to the data only to authorized researchers engaged in the study.
Proposed Ethical Plan
Participants would be given a thorough informed consent form outlining the study's goals, methods, possible risks and rewards, confidentiality safeguards, and participants' right to withdraw at any time. Before giving their approval to participate, participants will have enough opportunity to peruse the consent form and ask any questions they may have.
Additionally, full secrecy will be maintained while handling participants' personal information. All identifiable data gathered during the study—such as names or contact information—will be anonymized or pseudonymized to protect participant privacy. Data will be securely maintained, 21
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and only approved researchers engaged in the study will have access to it. The necessary data security measures will also be implemented to protect the gathered data. This involves employing secure file transfer protocols for transporting data, storing data on secure servers, or encrypting devices, and routinely upgrading security software and protocols to fend off intrusions.
Proposed Data Analysis Plan
Articulate data analysis techniques appropriate to the project framework. Present a plan to analyze and present data with techniques appropriate to the project, framework, data sources, and sample size. Suggested length 3-4 paragraphs.
Qualitative Data Analysis
: Thematic analysis will assess qualitative data from in-depth interviews
and focus groups. Reviewing and coding transcripts and audio/video recordings will reveal themes, patterns, and categories. Open coding will yield initial codes, which will be improved, categorized, and evaluated to find essential themes. Saturation will be assessed to ensure data comprehension. Themes will
be interpreted and connected to the research questions, providing rich and nuanced insights into pandemic
information management issues and suggestions.
Integration of Qualitative Findings
: The qualitative data will be merged to offer a thorough knowledge of the study issue. The results from the two data sets will be compared and contrasted using triangulation to discover regions of convergence and divergence. The qualitative results will be interpreted during the integration phase, enabling a more thorough examination. The findings will be presented clearly and logically using suitable tables, graphs, quotations, and narratives to explain the results successfully
.
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References
APA formatted reference section that includes a reference for each citation used in text. Abbas, J., Wang, D., Su, Z., & Ziapour, A. (2021). The role of social media in the advent of COVID-19 pandemic: crisis management, mental health challenges, and implications. Risk Management and healthcare policy
, 1917-1932.
Barnes, S. J. (2020). Information management research and practice in the post-COVID-19 world. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102175.
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Barrane, F. Z., Ndubisi, N. O., Kamble, S., Karuranga, G. E., & Poulin, D. (2021). Building trust
in multi-stakeholder collaborations for new product development in the digital transformation era. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(1), 205-228.
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Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, D. L., Coombs, C., Constantiou, I., Duan, Y., Edwards, J. S., ... & Upadhyay, N. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on information management research and practice: Transforming education, work, and life. International journal of information management, 55, 102211.
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Goniewicz, K., Khorram-Manesh, A., Hertelendy, A. J., Goniewicz, M., Naylor, K., & Burkle Jr,
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Kirby, R. H., Reams, M., & Lam, N. S. N. (2023). The Use of Social Media by Emergency Stakeholder Groups: Lessons Learned from Areas Affected by Hurricanes Isaac and Sandy.
Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management
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Miao, L., Last, M., & Litvak, M. (2022). Tracking social media during the COVID-19 pandemic:
The case study of lockdown in New York State. Expert Systems with Applications, 187, 115797.
Morse, S. S. (2020). Pandemic lessons.
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the COVID-19 pandemic: A BEME systematic review: BEME Guide No. 69. Medical teacher, 44(2), 109–129.
Subudhi, R., & Palai, D. (2020). Impact of Internet use during COVID lockdown. Horizon J. Hum. & Soc. Sci, 2, 59-66.
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Wolkin, A. F., Schnall, A. H., Nakata, N. K., & Ellis, E. M. (2019). Getting the message out: Social media and word-of-mouth as effective communication methods during emergencies. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 34(1), 89-94.
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