KIT714 ICT Research Principles Assessment Task01
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KIT714 ICT Research Principles
Assessment Task01
Practical Qualitative Research Exercise
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Table of Contents
Introduction
..............................................................................................................................
3
Qualitative research strategy
..................................................................................................
3
Grounded theory - Description
...............................................................................................
3
Grounded theory - Justification
..............................................................................................
3
Qualitative data collection method
.........................................................................................
4
Focus groups - Description
....................................................................................................
4
Focus groups - Justification
...................................................................................................
5
Focus groups - Discussion guide
............................................................................................
5
Running Focus groups
............................................................................................................
6
Qualitative Data Analysis technique
.......................................................................................
6
Grounded theory - Description
...............................................................................................
6
Grounded theory - Justification
..............................................................................................
7
Conclusion
.................................................................................................................................
8
References
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9
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Introduction
The utilisation of text-input assistance techniques has experienced an increase over the course
of the last ten years. For example, individuals who possess smart phones have utilised the
functionalities of autocorrect and predictive text when composing their text messages. Once
approximately half of the letters in a word have been entered, predictive text algorithms will
utilise their knowledge to make an informed prediction regarding the intended word. The
aforementioned methods were employed during the development of ChatGPT, an artificial
intelligence chatbot, in the latter part of 2022.
Qualitative research is undertaken in order to gain a deeper comprehension of human
behaviour and cognition within real-world contexts. Through the implementation of
qualitative research methodologies, a more comprehensive comprehension of the
fundamental concept that drives individuals' behaviours and perspectives can be attained
(
Newman and Gough, 2020). In order to achieve the intended results, it is imperative to adopt
suitable philosophies, strategies, data gathering techniques, and analytic methods. Select a
methodology or theoretical framework that aligns most effectively with your research
problem from the wide range of alternatives available.
Qualitative research strategy
Grounded theory - Description
The research issue can only be answered by using qualitative research methodologies. This is
done so that we may go further into the subject and come up with some new ideas. Case
studies, action research, grounded theory, and ethnographies are only few examples of
qualitative research methods. Different angles ask different questions of the plot and
characters to arrive at different conclusions. The key question that grounded theory seeks to
address is what kind of theory can be constructed from data. This data is systematically
collected and analysed for insights. In order to compare and analyse data throughout the
coding process, it is helpful to divide it up into smaller, more digestible masses (
Pandey and
Pandey, 2021). The technique also makes use of visual aids, such as diagrams, to help with
comprehension of both the large picture and the specifics.
Grounded theory - Justification
Grounded theory is useful here for figuring out what strategies to apply. We provide
subjectivist ontology and interpretivist epistemology as theoretical foundations for further
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research. Philosophy involves research, analysis, and practical application. Central to the
subjectivist ontology is the idea that social events are formed via the actions and perspectives
of social actors. In addition, interpretivist epistemology, sometimes known as post-positivist
epistemology, focuses on the analysis of the actions and observations of social actors.
Grounded theory will be utilised to collect and analyse data for the study, with the
philosophical paradigms serving as guides (
Mukherjee, 2019).
Source- Mukherjee, 2019
The purpose of grounded theory is to better understand a phenomenon by breaking it down
into its component parts. The term "grounded theory" refers to the practise of doing research
that is founded on observation of actual processes. This means the data collected is more
representative of the population as a whole and hence more reliable. Additionally, data is
continuously compared with data, providing for a more in-depth understanding of the
gathered data. This approach was selected because it is useful when supplementary text input
is needed due to a lack of data covering less well-known elements such as scenario, context,
strengths, etc. During this process, the researcher might benefit from writing down their
thoughts on different categories and occurrences in the form of notes or memoranda (
Mishra
and Alok, 2022). Researchers may also opt to keep written records of their classification and
coding procedures. Theoretical saturation occurs when no additional research yields any
novel notions.
Qualitative data collection method
A focus group will be used to collect qualitative data. Information gathering strategy,
including justification, discussion guide, and method, are outlined below.
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Focus groups - Description
When conducting qualitative studies, researchers rely heavily on the experiences and
perspectives of study participants. This is being done to assist in accomplishing a study
objective. Methods of gathering qualitative information include focus groups, field notes, and
in-depth interviews. It is possible to select the appropriate approach for use on a wide range
of research issues. In the first place, a focus group is a meeting in which a researcher guides a
small group of individuals through an in-depth conversation on a studied problem. These
discussions typically last one hour and are taped (
Al-Ababneh, 2020). These are designed to
facilitate conversations between study participants, with the researcher acting as a facilitator.
Source- Al-Ababneh, 2020
Focus groups - Justification
Focus groups are an effective method of data collection in this situation. A great technique to
go further into the nuances of how persons with ChatGPT use text input assistance is through
the usage of focus groups. Since focus groups can be planned, executed, and analysed rapidly,
they are a time-efficient method of gathering information. In cases where participants offer
insightful commentary on the issue without providing much in the way of detail, researchers
may adopt an explanatory approach and ask them to expound (
Säfsten and Gustavsson,
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2020). By compiling and analysing the views and experiences of many people, we can get
valuable insight. The learning curve is lower than that of ChatGPT, and it can capture more
data from participants in less time than more conventional approaches like interviews or even
just watching them. Because of the complexity of the text input help situation, ChatGPT has
broken it down into four manageable themes. These worries are discussed in further depth in
the following sections (
Bairagi and Munot, 2019).
Holding focus groups is a great approach to learn more about the issue as a whole through
debate, as people's experiences with predictive text and autocorrect may vary. When people
they know and trust weigh in on a topic, those who have preconceived opinions about it are
more likely to set them aside and provide thoughtful contributions. Using a simple form and
handwritten notes, researchers may monitor ChatGPT sessions and capture key observations,
such as the dynamics between participants (
Patel and Patel, 2019). Not only will the
conversation's progression be recorded, but so will the verbal and nonverbal clues exchanged.
Focus groups can proceed without a hitch if researchers can keep the peace throughout
potentially heated discussions. Focus group selection should also take the interpersonal
dynamics of the participants into account. Focus groups - Discussion guide
The scope of this type of data collection is as follows:
The case for using autocorrect, predictive text, or neither.
The use of it in particular situations and environments is warranted.
When using a digital text entering assistance has been helpful.
When individuals realise that utilising a text-entry robot is not helping them.
The first and second issues are significant to the study's ultimate purpose. Both are made to
discover which individuals utilise certain text input assistance tools, for what purposes, and
whether or not the full suite of tools is actually being used. Whether or if situational or
contextual variables have a role in the decision to utilise such methods is also explored. The
purpose of the third and fourth bullet points is to clarify for the reader when and why
predictive text and autocorrect are helpful (
Greening, 2019). These conversations may reveal
a lot about people's ideas, actions, and intentions. These four categories adequately describe
the current state of text input assistance.
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Running Focus groups
The effectiveness of a focus group is directly proportional to the skill of its facilitators.
Participants will range in age from 20 to 50 years old. The make-up of the group is crucial to
its cohesion. We will actively seek for a wide range of ages and genders while recruiting
participants. Before starting the study, we will inform participants of its goals and address any
ethical issues. There will be two groups, each consisting of ten people, talking to one another
(
Gupta and Gupta, 2022). Focus groups typically consist of 10 people, although only eight
are needed to have productive discussions because some participants will likely drop out
before the last meeting. They will spend 15 minutes on each of the four main points.
The researcher will moderate the session to ensure harmonious interactions amongst
participants. The researcher will promote open dialogue and provide opportunities for in-
depth exploration of responses. Participants' consent is required for any video or audio
recording to proceed. They will meet at a convenient time and place, perhaps for a casual get-
together. The facilitator should make notes to assist them retain information about the
participants' replies and the relationships between them (
Dzwigol, 2022). The inferences
made from these narratives of the past will be preserved for future generations. We will also
pay attention to what they are not saying.
Qualitative Data Analysis technique
Grounded theory - Description
The purpose of qualitative data analysis is to help researchers solve research issues and
achieve their goals. Content analysis, grounded theory, narrative analysis, discourse analysis,
and theme analysis are only some of the qualitative data analysis techniques used by
ChatGPT. When dealing with large amounts of data, it is crucial to evaluate it in context, and
this is where these techniques shine. After initial data classification, it is envisaged that the
grounded theory approach may be used to create theory. Coding is open, axial, and selective
in this approach. Data is thoroughly evaluated before scripts are developed in open coding. In
axis coding, each code is related to each other in a web (
Ryder et al., 2020). During selective
coding, categories are developed that might serve as a springboard for additional analysis and
speculation based on the collected data.
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Source- Ryder et al., 2020
Grounded theory - Justification
Given the context of our ChatGPT scenario, it appears that employing grounded theory would
be a suitable approach for evaluating the collected information. In order to comprehensively
grasp the context of each item obtained through analysis, a thorough engagement with
relevant literature is essential when employing the grounded theory method. The text also
encompasses analyses of the interrelationships between various taxonomies. In order to
achieve a comprehensive understanding of the data, it is imperative for the researcher to
possess a profound knowledge of the subject matter being discussed (
Newman and Gough,
2020). The researcher is anticipated to engage actively in this process, acquiring knowledge
and becoming acquainted with the data and various methods of text entry assistance.
The researcher may choose to transcribe the discussions held during the focus group, which
are anticipated to last a combined duration of 120 minutes (2 x 60 minutes). This
methodology is anticipated to exhibit greater efficiency compared to conducting individual
interviews. Each and every word shall be carefully examined and evaluated against
established criteria. One can enhance the precision of categorization in theoretical analysis by
engaging in a thorough re-reading and comprehensive comprehension of the relevant material
(
Pandey and Pandey, 2021). Codes are utilised to signify a diverse range of factors and
attributes, encompassing the context of usage, preferred predictive text, autocorrect
preferences, and so forth. A deeper understanding can be acquired through repeated
examination of the codes. To acquire fresh insights on the topic, it is advisable for researchers
to commence the coding procedure subsequent to the initial focus group session. One
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potential application of this approach is to facilitate the organisation of a subsequent focus
group discussion that is more specific and tailored to the research objectives.
The researcher can enhance the reliability of their findings by conducting a comparative
analysis of the perspectives obtained from a second focus group, subsequent to developing a
comprehensive understanding of the subject matter through the initial focus group. The
practise of regularly comparing and contrasting is advantageous for both the preservation of
one's well-being and the thorough examination of subjects (
Mukherjee, 2019). Academic
researchers have the ability to maintain a record of their ideas and discoveries as they arise
throughout the analytical process through the utilisation of a sequence of memos. Through
the analysis of patterns in a dynamic diagram, researchers can evaluate their proficiency in
understanding and predicting scenarios. This could potentially be beneficial during the
analysis phase.
Conclusion
The report concluded that the strategy, data collecting, and analytical decisions made during a
qualitative investigation of the text input assistance scenario. In this case study, we
investigate the use of text input tools like predictive text and autocorrect by ChatGPT users.
Interpretativism in epistemology and subjectivism in ontology are the generally accepted
tenets of philosophy. Grounded theory is a method that uses paradigms. Focus groups, in
which participants are free to speak their minds, have been chosen as the method of data
collection. This effort will lead to a deeper understanding of text input assistance
circumstances.
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References
Al-Ababneh, M.M., 2020. Linking ontology, epistemology and research
methodology.
Science & Philosophy
,
8
(1), pp.75-91.
Bairagi, V. and Munot, M.V. eds., 2019.
Research methodology: A practical and scientific
approach
. CRC Press.
Dzwigol, H., 2022. Research methodology in management science: Triangulation.
Virtual
Economics
,
5
(1), pp.78-93.
Greening, N., 2019. Phenomenological research methodology.
Scientific Research
Journal
,
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(5), pp.88-92.
Gupta, A. and Gupta, N., 2022.
Research methodology
. SBPD Publications.
Mishra, S.B. and Alok, S., 2022. Handbook of research methodology.
Mukherjee, S.P., 2019. A guide to research methodology: An overview of research problems,
tasks and methods.
Newman, M. and Gough, D., 2020. Systematic reviews in educational research:
Methodology, perspectives and application.
Systematic reviews in educational research:
Methodology, perspectives and application
, pp.3-22.
Pandey, P. and Pandey, M.M., 2021.
Research methodology tools and techniques
. Bridge
Center.
Patel, M. and Patel, N., 2019. Exploring research methodology.
International Journal of
Research and Review
,
6
(3), pp.48-55.
Ryder, C., Mackean, T., Coombs, J., Williams, H., Hunter, K., Holland, A.J. and Ivers, R.Q.,
2020. Indigenous research methodology–weaving a research interface.
International Journal
of Social Research Methodology
,
23
(3), pp.255-267.
Säfsten, K. and Gustavsson, M., 2020. Research methodology: for engineers and other
problem-solvers.
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