C402 Study Guide
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Command & General Staff College *
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Course
C402
Subject
Industrial Engineering
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
55
Uploaded by BaronStingrayMaster276
Q U E S T I O N 1
1.
"Which of the following apply to Army design methodology (ADM)?"
A
"Does not result in the production of an executable order"
.
B
"Detailed planning"
.
C
"Conceptual planning"
.
D
"
A and C are correct"
.
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 2
1.
"Targeting can be:"
A
"Non-lethal"
.
B
"Un-restrictive"
.
C
"Lethal"
.
D
"A and C are correct"
.
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 3
1.
"The Army design methodology consists of the following key concepts."
A
"Critical and creative thinking"
.
B
"Courses of action"
.
C
"Narrative construction"
.
D
"A and C are correct"
.
Q U E S T I O N 4
1.
"According to ADP 5-0, the results of the Army design methodology does NOT
include:"
A
"Production of executable plans and orders"
.
B
"An understanding of an operational environment and problem"
.
C
"An initial commander's intent"
.
D
"An operational approach that serves as the link between conceptual and detailed
.
planning"
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 5
1.
"Which of the following are key points of targeting ?"
A
"A target is an entity or object that performs a function for the adversary
.
considered for possible engagement or other action."
B
"All targeting is in accordance with the fires brigade commander's
.
guidance/priorities."
C
"Risk management is a critical factor in targeting to limit/avoid fratricide or
.
collateral damage."
D
"A and C are correct
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 6
1.
"The ________ cell has the lead in the risk management process, but risk
management is everyone's responsibility."
A
"Sustainment"
.
B
"Intelligence"
.
C
"Protection"
.
D
"Fires"
.
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 7
1.
"According to ADP 5-0, __________ is a concerted effort to seize and retain the
initiative, maintain momentum, and exploit success."
A
"Planning"
.
B
"Preparation"
.
C
"Assessment"
.
D
"Execution"
.
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10 points
Q U E S T I O N 8
1.
"According to ADP 5-0, __________ precedes and guides the other activities of the
operations process and concludes each operation or phase of an operation."
A
"Planning"
.
B
"Assessment"
.
C
"Preparation"
.
D
"Execution"
.
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 9
1.
"Which of the following statements apply to CCIR?"
A. "CCIR are not directly related to the unit’s information collection plan.
B. CCIR are information requirements critical to facilitate timely decision making
C. CCIR are the primary driver of the unit’s information collection plan
D.
B and C are correct
10 points
Q U E S T I O N 1 0
1.
"According to ADP 3-0, commanders and staffs use the Army design methodology,
operational variables, and mission variables to analyze a/an ____________ to
support the operations process."
A
"Military operations"
.
B
"Information environment"
.
C
"Operational environment"
.
D
"Land operations"
.
Question 1
16.66666 out of 16.66666 points
Each staff section is responsible for assisting the commander with understanding the situation,
assessing progress, and making decisions. This is a
continuous process. What tool best supports the
staff in this responsibility?
Selected
d.
Answer:
Running estimates
Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 1-
54
Feedback:
Question 2
0 out of 16.66666 points
What best describes the integrated efforts of the
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commander's broad approach and the staff's scientific
approach to produce a plan?
Selected
b.
Answer:
Operational and tactical planning
Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 2-
85
Feedback:
Question 3
16.66666 out of 16.66666 points
What is the purpose of designating something as an essential element of friendly information?
Selected
b.
Answer:
Prevent the enemy from discovering the location of a critical asset or capability that is
essential to the fight
Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 1-
44
Feedback:
Question 4
0 out of 16.66666 points
At the division level, what integration cell is most likely responsible for conducting RDSP and issuing
FRAGORDs based upon a change in the plan?
Selected
c.
Answer:
G3 cell
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Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 4-
36
Feedback:
Question 5
16.66666 out of 16.66666 points
What integrating process uses the 'decide, detect, deliver, and assess' methodology?
Selected
b.
Answer:
Targeting
Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 1-
76
Feedback:
Question 6
16.6667 out of 16.6667 points
What type of decisions are based upon anticipated conditions (CCIRs) and captured on the unit's
decision support matrix to aid the commander?
Selected
a.
Answer:
Execution decisions
Response
ADP 5-0, The Operations Process, Jul 19, Paragraph 4-
28
Feedback:
Friday, January 20, 2023 10:38:09 PM CST
Administrative control
is the direction or exercise of authority over subordinate or other organizations in respect to administration and support, including organization of Service forces, control of resources and equipment, personnel management, unit logistics, individual and unit training, readiness, mobilization, demobilization, discipline, and other matters
not included in the operational missions of the subordinate or other organizations (JP 1).
Army design methodology
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is a methodology for applying critical and creative thinking to understand, visualize, and describe problems and approaches to solving them
Battle rhythm
is a deliberate daily cycle of command, staff, and unit activities intended to synchronize current and future operations
Building visualisation
1) seek to understand those conditions that represent the
current situation.
2) commanders envision a set of desired future conditions that represents the operation's end state.
3) Commanders complete their visualization by conceptualizing an operational approach—a description of
the broad actions the force must take to transform current conditions into those desired at end state
Collaborative planning
is commanders, subordinate commanders, staffs, and other partners sharing information, knowledge, perceptions, ideas, and concepts regardless of physical location throughout the planning process. Commanders, subordinate commanders, and staffs share their understanding of the situation and participate in course of action development and decisionmaking for development of the higher headquarters plan or order.
Commanders and staff use the following operational frameworks to help conceptualize and describe their concept of operation:
Deep-close-security.
Decisive-shaping-sustaining.
Main and supporting effort.
Commander's critical information requirements.
a part of 'describe'; A commander's critical information requirement is an information requirement identified by the commander as being critical to facilitating timely decisionmaking. The two key elements are friendly force information requirements and priority intelligence requirements (JP 3-0). A commander's critical information requirement (CCIR) directly influences decisionmaking and facilitates the successful execution of military operations.
Commanders develop their intent statement personally using the following components:
Expanded purpose.
Key tasks.
End state.
Commander's intent
Part of 'describe'; is a clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports mission command, provides focus to the staff, and helps subordinate and supporting commanders act to achieve the commander's desired results without further orders, even when the operation does not unfold as planned
The commander's intent
succinctly describes what constitutes success for the operation. It includes the operation's purpose, key tasks, and the conditions that define the end state. It links the mission, concept of operations, and tasks to subordinate units; facilitates a shared understanding and focuses on the overall conditions that represent mission accomplishment. During execution, the commander's intent spurs disciplined initiative.
commander's visualization
the mental process of developing situational understanding, determining a desired end state, and envisioning an operational approach by which the force will achieve that end state
Describe
Commanders express their visualization in terms of
o Commander's intent
o Planning guidance, including an operational approach
o Commander's critical information requirements.
o Essential elements of friendly information.
Direct
• Commanders direct forces by—
• Preparing and approving plans and orders
• Establishing command and support relationships
• Assigning and adjusting tasks, control measures, and task organization
• Positioning units to maximize combat power
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• Positioning key leaders at critical places and times to ensure supervision
• Allocating resources to exploit opportunities and counter threats
• Committing the reserve as required
essential element of friendly information
is a critical aspect of a friendly operation that, if known by
the enemy, would subsequently compromise, lead to failure, or limit success of the operation and therefore should be protected from enemy detection
The following guides aid in effective planning:
• Commanders focus planning
• Develop simple, flexible plans through mission orders
• Optimize available planning time
• Continually refine the plan
The following principles for the effective use of the operations process:
Commanders drive the operations process.
Build and maintain situational understanding.
Apply critical and creative thinking.
Encourage collaboration and dialogue.
The four IPB steps are—
Define the operational environment
Describe environmental effects on operations.
Evaluate the threat.
Determine threat courses of action.
The four pitfalls consist of
• Attempting to forecast and dictate events too far into the future
• Trying to plan in too much detail
• Using the plan as a script for execution
• Institutionalizing rigid planning methods
The integrating processes are—
• Intelligence preparation of the battlefield
• Targeting
• Risk management
Intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB)
is a systematic, continuous process of analyzing the threat and other aspects of an operational environment within a specific geographic area.
key components of a plan
The unit's task organization, mission statement, commander's intent, concept of operations, tasks to subordinate units, coordinating instructions, and control measures
key components of a plan
The unit's task organization, mission statement, commander's intent, concept of operations, tasks to subordinate units, coordinating instructions, and control measures are
Key concepts that underline the Army design methodology include—
Critical and creative thinking
Collaboration and dialogue
Framing.
Narrative construction.
Visual modeling.
Key outputs of Army design methodology conveyed in text and graphics include—
Problem statement.
Initial commander's intent.
Planning guidance, to include an operational approach.
Liaison
is that contact or intercommunication maintained between elements of military forces or other agencies to ensure mutual understanding and unity of purpose and action
The line of effort
is a useful tool for developing the concept of operations when stability operations or defense support to civil authorities dominate. Lines of effort link multiple tasks with goal-oriented objectives that focus efforts toward establishing end state conditions. Using lines of effort is essential in planning when positional references to an enemy or adversary have little relevance.
A line of operations
is a line that defines the directional orientation of a force in time and space in relation to the enemy and links the force with its base of operations and objectives
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Methodologies that assist commanders and staffs with planning include—
Army design methodology.
The military decision making process(MDMP).
Troop leading procedures(TLP).
The military decisionmaking process
is an iterative planning methodology to understand the situation and mission, develop a course of action, and produce an operation plan or order
Nested concepts
is a planning technique to achieve unity of purpose whereby each succeeding echelon's concept of operations is aligned by purpose with the higher echelons' concept of operations.
Operational control
is a command authority that may be exercised by commanders at any echelon at or below the level of combatant command; is inherent in combatant command
(command authority) and may be delegated within the command; is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission.
The operation process
the major mission command activities performed during operations: planning, preparing, executing, and continuously assessing the operation (ADP 5-0).
Commanders, supported by their staffs, use the operations process to drive the conceptual and detailed planning necessary to understand, visualize, and describe
their operational environment; make and articulate decisions; and direct, lead, and assess military operations.
Parallel planning
is two or more echelons planning for the same operation sharing information sequentially through warning orders from the higher headquarters prior to the higher headquarters publishing their operation plan or operation order.
Planning guidance, including an operational approach
part of 'describe'; Must convey the essence of the commander's visualization, including a description of the operational approach. Effective planning guidance reflects how the commander sees the operation unfolding. It broadly describes when, where, and how the commander intends to employ combat power to accomplish the mission, within the higher commander's intent.
Principles of mission
command
• Build cohesive teams through mutual trust.
• Create shared understanding.
• Provide a clear commander's
intent.
• Exercise disciplined initiative.
• Use mission orders.
• Accept prudent risk.
Protection
is the preservation of the effectiveness and survivability of mission-related military and nonmilitary personnel, equipment, facilities, information, and infrastructure deployed or located within or outside the boundaries of a given operational area
A running estimate
is the continuous assessment of the current situation used to determine if the current operation is proceeding according to the commander's intent and if planned future operations are supportable (ADP 5-0).
Security operations
are those operations undertaken by a commander to provide early and accurate warning of enemy operations
Situational understanding
is the product of applying analysis and judgment to relevant information to determine the relationships among the operational and mission variables to facilitate decisionmaking.
Tactical control
is a command authority over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking, that is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the operational area necessary to accomplish missions or tasks assigned; is inherent in operational control.
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Task-organizing
is the act of configuring an operating force, support staff, or sustainment package of specific size and composition to meet a unique task or mission
Terrain management
is the process of allocating terrain by establishing areas of operation, designating assembly areas, and specifying locations for units and activities to deconflict activities that might interfere with each other.
TLP 8 steps
Step1-Receive the mission.
Step2-Issue a warning order.
Step3-Make a tentative plan.
Step4-Initiate movement.
Step5-Conduct reconnaissance.
Step6-Complete the plan
Step7-Issue the order.
Step8-Supervise and refine
Troop leading procedures
extend the MDMP to the small-unit level. The MDMP and troop leading procedures (TLP) are similar but not identical. Commanders with a coordinating staff use the MDMP as their primary planning process. Company-level and smaller units lack formal staffs and use TLP to plan and prepare for operations.
Understand:
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• Fundamental to the CDR's ability to establish a situation's context
• Analysis of the operational and mission variables
• Conceptual and detailed planning assist commanders in
developing their initial understanding
• CDRs circulate within the AOR, collaborating with subordinate CDRs
Information collection (to include reconnaissance and surveillance) is indispensable to building and improving the commander's understanding
What type of decisions are based upon anticipated conditions (CCIRs) and captured on the unit's decision support matrix to aid the commander?
Execution Decisions
Each staff section is responsible for assisting the commander with understanding the situation, assessing progress, and making decisions. This is a continuous process. What tool best supports the staff in this responsibility?
Running estimates
How does the commander drive the operations process?
Thru his/her activities of understanding, visualizing, describing, directing, leading, and assessing
What best describes the integrated efforts of the commander's broad approach and the staff's scientific approach to produce a plan?
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Conceptual Planning and Detailed Planning
What best describes the content of a doctrinally correct end state?
Desired condition of friendly forces with relationship to the enemy, terrain, and civilian populace
At the division level, what integration cell is most likely responsible for conducting RDSP and issuing FRAGORDs based upon a change in the plan?
Current operations cell
Visualization helps with what?
Synchronization
Running Estimates are?
Continious
What are the field grade officer’s responsibilities for managing the integrating processes during MA and throughout MDMP?
1.IPB
2.Information collection
3.Targeting
4.Risk management
5.Knowledge management
Push & Pull, Exchange, bring Info together, Responsibilities!
Support zone is what?
Shaping
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If were doing a plan and we say that were going to come back to it, what is that?
Branch Plan
If I am thinking about doing stuff, that is?
Sequal
If we never come back to a plan, that is?
RDSP
Where are stability operations conducted?
Over seas
Where is DSCA conducted?
US
What is the Stafford Act?
The president to issue Major Disaster declarations
Simultaneity
Execution of related and mutually supporting tasks at the
same time across multiple locations and domains (land, air, maritime, space, and cyberspace).
Depth
The extension of operations in space, time, or purpose to achieve definitive results.
Synchronization
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The arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce maximum relative combat power at a
decisive place and time.
Flexibility
The employment of a versatile mix of capabilities, formations, and equipment for conducting operations.
What are the four offensive task?
Movement to Contact, Attack, Exploit, Pursuit
What are the forms of the offense?
Envelopment, Turning Movement, Infiltration, Penetration, Frontal Assault
What are the three forms of defense?
Defense of a Linear Obstacle, Perimeter Defense, Reverse
Slope Defense
What are the three types of defense?
Area, Mobile, Retrograde
What are the steps of the operations process?
Plan, Prepare, Execute, Assess
1. Problem Statement
Communicates the commanders and staff understanding of the problem.
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1What ATTP discusses the duties and responsibilities of the staff in detail?
ATTP 5-0.1
THE ARMY DESIGN METHODOLOGY (ADM)
(ILL-STRUCTURED PROBLEM)
1. Is a Methodology for applying Critical and Creative thinking to solving them. Collaborative Thinking, Brain storming
Conceptual Planning:
Establishes objectives as well as a broad approach for achieving them( Commanders Intent and Operational Approach)
Detailed Planning:
Works out the particulars of execution based on objectives already provided.( Movement tables, Target List and Control Measures)
During Execution, Commanders will apply combat power for what purpose?
to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage
During the Operations Process, what does Mission Command require?
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an environment of mutual trust and shared understanding among commanders, staffs, and subordinates
How can Commanders create conditions for seizing the initiative?
By taking Action
How do commanders drive the operations process?
through understanding, visualizing, describing, directing, leading, and assessing operations
How do commanders drive the operations process?
Through understanding, visualizing, describing, directing, leading, and assessing operations.
How do commanders effectively plan?
1. commanders focus planning 2. Develop simple, Flexible plans through mission orders 3. Optimize available planning time 4. Continually refine the plan
How do Commanders use CCIR's?
Commanders use CCIRs to focus information collection on
the relevant information they need to make critical decisions throughout the conduct of operations
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How do Commanders use the Operations Process?
Through the support of their Staff, Commanders use the Operations Process to drive the conceptual and detailed planning necessary to understand, visualize, and describe
their operational environment; make and articulate decisions; and direct, lead, and assess military operations
How does a Commander show Leadership?
By providing purpose, direction and motivation to Subordinate Commanders, Staff and Soldiers
How does MDMP help Leaders?
by applying thoroughness, clarity, sound judgment, logic, and professional knowledge to understand situations, develop options to solve problems, and reach decisions
How does the Commander focus the planning efforts?
by providing their commander's intent, issuing planning guidance, and making decisions throughout the planning process
How must Commanders organize and train their staffs and subordinates?
as an integrated team to simultaneously plan, prepare, execute, and assess operations
How should Staff prepare effective plans and orders are simple and direct?
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Staffs prepare clear, concise orders that communicate an understanding of the operation through the use of doctrinally correct operational terms and symbols; Shorter, rather than longer, plans aid in simplicity
How will higher headquarters solicit input and continually share information with concerning future operations?
through planning meetings, warning orders, and other means
Initial Commanders Intent:
A. Purpose
B. Initial Key Tasks
C. Desired End State
D. Operational Approach
E. Organized, in time, space, and purpose
In what way must a Commander Balance their Time?
between leading the staff through the operations process and providing purpose, direction, and motivation to subordinate commanders and Soldiers away from the command post
KEY CONCEPTS FOR ARMY DESIGN METHOLOGY
1. Critical and Creative thinking.
2. Collaboration and Dialogue.
3. Framing
4. Narrative Construction
5. Visual Modeling
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LEADING TO PLANNING INPUTS
1. Problems Statement
2. Planning Guidance to include an Operational Approach
3. Initial Commanders Intent
MDMP Medium
Medium structured
MDMP: Simple
well structured
Must Leaders perform all eight of the TLP's in order?
No, they are not Rigid and can be done in another order depending on specific mission
Once a Plan has been made, can it be changed or modified?
Yes
Planning Guidance (Operational Approach)
A. Focus the operation
B. Links desired conditions to actions that achieve the desired end state.
Two types of INTEGRATING PLANNING
1. Conceptual Planning
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2. Detailed Planning
What ADP/ADRP covers The Operations Process?
ADP/ADRP 5-0
What allows subordinates the greatest possible freedom of action?
commanders focusing their instructions on the purpose of
the operation rather than on the details of how to perform
assigned tasks
What are Mission Orders?
directives that emphasize to subordinates the results to be attained, not how they are to achieve them
What are some of the 17 Mission Preparation Activities?
1. Continue to coordinate and conduct liaison 2. Initiate information collection 3. Initiate security operations 4. Initiate troop movement 5. Initiate sustainment preparations 6. Initiate network preparations 7. Manage terrain 8. Prepare terrain 9. Conduct confirmation briefs 10. Conduct rehearsals 11. Conduct plans-to-operations transitions 12. Revise and refine the plan 13. Integrate new Soldiers and units 14. Complete task organization 15. Train 16. Perform pre-operations checks and inspections 17. Continue to build partnerships and teams
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What are some of the ways that help to refine a plan?
confirmation briefings, rehearsals and changes in the situation
What are some things included in the analysis during the Operations Process?
weapons system ranges, mobility options afforded by terrain and weather, operational reach, communications system range, sustainment, and other considerations of the operational and mission variables
What are the Army Command relationships?
• Organic.
• Assigned.
• Attached.
• Operational Control (OPCON).
• Tactical Control (TACON).
• Administrative Control (ADCON).
What are the Army support relationships?
• Direct support (DS).
• General support (GS).
• Reinforcing (R).
• General support-reinforcing (GSR).
What are the eight interrelated operational variables that Commanders and staff use to analyze and describe an operational environment?
1. Political 2. Military 3. Economic 4. Social 5. Information 6. Infrastructure 7. Physical environment 8. Time
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What are the Eight Troop Leading Procedure Steps?
1. Receive the mission 2. Issue the warning order 3. Make
a tentative plan 4. Initiate movement 5. Conduct reconnaissance 6. Complete the plan 7. Issue the order 8.
Supervise and refine the plan
What are the five Guidelines that Aid in effective preparation of Subordinates?
1. Secure and protect the force 2. Improve situational understanding 3. Understand, rehearse and refine the plan 4. Integrate, organize and configure the force 5. Ensure forces and resources are ready and positioned
What are the four guides that aid in effective assessment?
1. Commanders prioritize the assessment effort 2. Incorporate the logic of the plan 3. Use caution when establishing cause and effect 4. Combine quantitative and qualitative indicators
What are the four Major Mission Command activities that the Operations Process consists of?
1. Planning 2. Preparing 3. Executing 4. Assessing
What are the four Principles that guide the Operations Process?
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1. Commanders drive the Operations Process 2. Apply critical and creative thinking 3. Build and maintain situational understanding 4. Encourage collaboration and dialog
What are the four ways Commanders express their visualization?
1. Commander's 2. Planning guidance, including an operational approach 3. Commander's critical information
requirements 4. Essential elements of friendly information
What are the key components of a plan?
The unit's task organization, mission statement, commander's intent, concept of operations, tasks to subordinate units, coordinating instructions, and control measures are key components of a plan.
What are the Major Command activities performed during
Operations?
1. Planning 2. Preparing 3. Executing 4. Continuously assessing the operation
What are the major mission command activities performed during operations?
• Planning.
• Preparing.
• Executing.
• Continuously assessing the operation.
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What are the major mission command activities performed during operations?
1. Planning
2. Preparing
3. Executing
4. Assessing the Operation
What are the MDMP steps?
• Step 1 - Receipt of mission.
• Step 2 - Mission analysis.
• Step 3 - Course of action development.
• Step 4 - Course of action analysis.
• Step 5 - Course of action comparison.
• Step 6 - Course of action approval.
• Step 7 - Orders production, dissemination, and transition.
What are the nine variables for PLANNING AND PLANS:
1. The art of Science.
2. Continuous and cyclical.
3. Structured to meet the need.
4. Produces a plan or order.
5. Vary in scope, complexity, and time.
6. Imperfect knowledge and Assumptions.
7. Understanding and Solutions.
8. Anticipate and Adapt.
9. Task- organize and prioritize.
What are the Primary tools for Assessing?
running estimates, after action reviews, and the assessment plan
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What are the seven ways Commanders can direct forces throughout the operations process?
1. Preparing and approving plans and orders 2. Establishing command and support relationships 3. Assigning and adjusting tasks, control measures, and task
organization 4. Positioning units to maximize combat power 5. Positioning key leaders at critical places and times to ensure supervision 6. Allocating resources to exploit opportunities and counter threats 7. Committing the reserve as required
What are the six Mission Variables?
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil considerations (METT-
TC)
What are the six steps to MISSION COMMAND
1. Understand
2. Visualize
3. Describe
4. Direct
5. Lead
6. Assess
What are the steps of MDMP?
1. Receipt of mission 2. Mission analysis 3. Coa development 4. Coa analysis 5. Coa comparison 6. Coa
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approval 7. Orders production, dissemination and transition
What are the ten elements of Operational Art?
1. End state and Conditions 2. Center of Gravity 3. Decisive Points 4. Lines of Operations and Lines of Effort 5. Operational Reach 6. Basing 7. Tempo 8. Phasing and Transitions 9. Culmination 10. Risk
What are the three Army Planning Methodologies?
1. Army design methodology 2. Military decision making process 3. Troop leading procedures
What are the three Assessment Activities?
1. Monitoring the current situation to collect relevant information 2. Evaluating progress toward attaining end state conditions, achieving objectives, and completing tasks 3. Recommending or directing action for improvement
What are the troop leading procedure steps?
• Step 1 - Receive the mission.
• Step 2 - Issue a warning order.
• Step 3 - Make a tentative plan.
• Step 4 - Initiate movement.
• Step 5 - Conduct reconnaissance.
• Step 6 - Complete the plan.
• Step 7 - Issue the order.
• Step 8 - Supervise and refine the plan.
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What are the two components of CCIR's?
friendly force information requirements and priority intelligence requirements
What are the two separate components of Planning?
a conceptual component and a detailed component
What are the types of MILITARY DECISION MAKING PROCESS (MDMP)?
Simple or Medium
What are three types of DEVELOPING PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS
1. Army Design Model (ADM): (Hard- ILL-STRUCTURED)
2. MDMP: Simple- well structured, Medium- Medium structured
3. TLP: Familiar
What are troop-leading procedures?
Troop-leading procedures are a dynamic process used by small-unit leaders to analyze a mission, develop a plan, and prepare for an operation. TLP are used by commanders and leaders without a staff.
What are Troop Leading Procedures (TLP's)?
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Troop leading procedures are a dynamic process used by small-unit leaders to analyze a mission, develop a plan, and prepare for an operation
What can Reframing lead to?
Reframing can lead to a new problem statement and operational approach, resulting in an entirely new plan
What could hesitation and waiting to gather more information do in an operation?
it could give the enemy the advantage as they could seize the initiative
What do Collaboration and Dialogue assist in developing?
Collaboration and dialogue assist in developing shared understanding and purpose, building teams, and making rapid adjustments during execution
What do Commanders and staffs use help build their situational understanding?
Commanders and staffs use the operational and mission variables
What do Effective plans and successful preparation, execution and assessment rely on?
accurate running estimates
What does ADP 5-0 cover?
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Operations Process
What does Army design methodology results in?
Army design methodology results in an improved understanding of the operational environment, a problem
statement, an initial commander's intent, and an operational approach that serves as the link between conceptual and detailed planning
What does Conceptual Planning involve?
Conceptual planning involves understanding the operational environment and the problem, determining the operation's end state, and visualizing an operational approach
What does Critical Thinking lead to?
Creative thinking leads to new insights, novel approaches, fresh perspectives, and new ways of understanding and conceiving things
What does Detailed Planning translate?
Detailed planning translates the broad operational approach into a complete and practical plan
What does EEFI's identify?
elements of friendly force information that, if compromised, would jeopardize mission success
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What does Effective planning guidance provide?
It broadly describes when, where, and how the commander intends to employ combat power to accomplish the mission within the higher commander's intent
What does effective planning require?
dedication, study, and practice
What does it mean to Understand Something?
to grasp its nature and significance
What does Planning result in?
Planning results in a plan or order that communicates this
vision and directs actions to synchronize forces in time, space, and purpose for achieving objectives and accomplishing missions
What does Preparation consist of?
Preparation consists of those activities performed by units and Soldiers to improve their ability to execute an operation
What does Preparation create?
Preparation creates conditions that improve friendly forces' opportunities for success
What does Reframing involve?
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revisiting earlier hypotheses, conclusions, and decisions that underpin the current operational approach
What does the Acronym CCIR stand for?
Commander's Critical Information Requirements
What does the Acronym EEFI stand for?
Essential Elements of Friendly Information
What does the Acronym MDMP stand for?
Military Decision Making Process (MDMP)
What does the Acronym METT-TC stand for?
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil considerations
What does the Acronym PMESII-PT stand for?
the eight interrelated operational variables: political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time
What does the Acronym TLP stand for?
Troop Leading Procedures (TLP)
What does The assessment plan include?
measures of effectiveness, measures of performance, and
indicators that help the commander and staff evaluate
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progress toward accomplishing tasks and achieve objectives
What does the Commander's Planning Guidance provide?
It conveys the essence of their visualization
What does The MDMP result in?
The MDMP results in an improved understanding of the situation and a plan or order that guides the force through preparation and execution
What does the Operations Process account for?
It accounts for the complex, ever-changing, and uncertain
nature of operations and recognizes that a military operation is foremost a human undertaking
What does the Operations Process constitute for the Army?
The Operations Process constitutes the Army's view on planning, preparing, executing, and assessing operations
What does the Philosophy of Mission Command do?
guides commanders, staffs, and subordinates as they plan, prepare, execute, and assess operations
What do formal and informal after action reviews help identify?
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what was supposed to happen, what went right, and what
went wrong for a particular action or operation, and how the commander and staff should do things differently in the future
What do planning and plans help leaders do?
• Understand and develop solutions to problems.
• Anticipate events and adapt to changing circumstances.
• Task-organize the force and prioritize efforts.
What do Rehearsals help Leaders and Soldiers understand?
they help improve understanding of the concept of operations, control measures, decision points, and command and support relationships
What do Running estimates help to refine?
he common operational picture and supplement it with information not readily displayed
What do Running estimates provide?
information, conclusions, and recommendations from the perspective of each staff section
What ensures that the right forces are in the right place, at the right time, with the right equipment and other resources ready to execute the operation?
Effective preparation
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What guides aid in effective planning?
• Commanders focus planning.
• Develop simple, flexible plans through mission orders.
• Optimize available planning time.
• Continually refine the plan.
What guides aid subordinate leaders in effective execution?
1. Seize the initiative through action 2. Accept prudent risk to exploit opportunities
What happens upon completion of the initial order?
planning continues as leaders revise the plan based on changing circumstances
What helps leaders improve their understanding of the friendly force?
1. Inspections 2. Rehearsals 3. Liaison 4. Coordination
What is a Battle Rhythm?
A Battle rhythm is a deliberate daily cycle of command, staff, and unit activities intended to synchronize current and future operations.
What is a composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander?
An operational environment
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What is a Decision Point?
a point in space or time the commander or staff anticipates making a key decision concerning a specific course of action
What is a guide to allocate time available that Commanders and Staff should use when planning?
"one-third—two-thirds rule"
What is an adjustment decision?
An adjustment decision is the selection of a course of action that modifies the order to respond to unanticipated
opportunities or threats
What is an Operational Environment?
influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander
What is a Running Estimate?
A running estimate is the continuous assessment of the current situation used to determine if the current operation is proceeding according to the commander's intent and if planned future operations are supportable
What is Assessing?
The continuous determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating an effect, or achieving an objective
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What is Assessment?
Assessment is the determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating an effect, or achieving an objective
What is Collaboration?
Collaboration is two or more people or organizations working together toward common goals by sharing knowledge and building consensus
What is Critical Thinking?
Critical thinking is purposeful and reflective judgment about what to believe or what to do in response to observations, experience, verbal or written expressions, or arguments
What is Dialogue?
Dialogue is a way to collaborate by involving the candid exchange of ideas or opinions among participants that encourages frank discussions in areas of disagreement
What is done to minimize vulnerability during preparation?
security operations—screen, guard, cover, area security, and local security—are essential during preparation
What is Execution?
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Execution is putting a plan into action by applying combat power to accomplish the mission
What is Execution?
Putting a plan into action by applying combat power to accomplish the mission
What is MDMP?
The military decision-making process is an iterative planning methodology to understand the situation and mission, develop a course of action, and produce an operation plan or order.
What is Operational Approach?
broadly describes when, where, and how the commander intends to employ combat power to accomplish the mission within the higher commander's intent
What is Operational Art?
the cognitive approach by commanders and staffs—
supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment—to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrating ends, ways, and means
What is Planning?
The art and science of understanding a situation, envisioning a desired future, and laying out effective ways of bringing that future about
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What is Planning?
Planning is the art and science of understanding a situation, envisioning a desired future, and laying out effective ways of bringing that future about
What is planning?
Planning is the art and science of understanding a situation, envisioning a desired future, and laying out effective ways of bringing that future about.
What is Preparing?
Those activities performed by units and Soldiers to improve their ability to execute an operation
What is Prudent Risk?
Prudent risk is a deliberate exposure to potential injury or
loss when the commander judges the outcome in terms of mission accomplishment as worth the cost
What is Situational Understanding?
Situational understanding is the product of applying analysis and judgment to relevant information to determine the relationships among the operational and mission variables to facilitate decision-making
What is the Army Design Methodology?
Army design methodology is a methodology for applying critical and creative thinking to understand, visualize, and
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describe unfamiliar problems and approaches to solving them
What is the Army's Framework for Exercising Mission Command?
The Operations Process
What is the Army's framework for exercising mission command?
The operations process
What is the Commander's Intent?
clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports
mission command, provides focus to the staff, and helps subordinate and supporting commanders act to achieve the commander's desired results without further orders, even when the operation does not unfold as planned
What is the Commander's Visualization?
the mental process of developing situational understanding, determining a desired end state, and envisioning an operational approach by which the force will achieve that end state
What is the Military Decision Making Process (MDMP)?
military decision making process is an iterative planning methodology to understand the situation and mission,
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develop a course of action, and produce an operation plan or order
What is the "one-third—two-thirds rule"?
Commanders and Staff use one-third of the time available
before execution for their planning and allocate the remaining two-thirds of the time available before execution to their subordinates for planning and preparation
What is the purpose of the military decision-making process?
Commanders with a coordinating staff use the MDMP as their primary planning process.
What is the purpose of troop-leading procedures?
Company-level and smaller units lack formal staffs and use TLP to plan and prepare for operations.
What is the Staff's role during the Operations Process?
to assist commanders with understanding situations, making and implementing decisions, controlling operations, and assessing progress
What must happen to overcome the difficulties of enemy action, friendly errors, and other changes in their operational environment?
During mission execution, Commanders must direct their units forcefully and promptly
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What other function does the Staff perform during the Operations Process besides assisting the Commander?
staff assists subordinate units and keeps units and organizations outside the headquarters informed throughout the operations process
What should Commanders avoid burdening subordinates and staffs with?
Commanders should avoid burdening subordinates and staffs with overly detailed assessments and collection tasks
What should higher headquarters do to optimize available
time for subordinates to perform TLP's?
They should issue frequent Warning Orders (WARNO) to allow subordinate units maximum time to conduct TLP's
What should Mission Orders clearly convey?
the unit's mission and the commander's intent
What type of Command Climate is required?
a command climate in which commanders encourage subordinates to accept prudent risk and exercise disciplined initiative to seize opportunities and counter threats within the commander's intent
What type of plans help units adapt quickly to changing circumstances?
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Flexible Plans
What will good detailed planning work out?
the scheduling, coordination, or technical problems involved with moving, sustaining, and synchronizing the actions of force as a whole toward a common goal
When detaching units, moving forces, and receiving and integrating new units and Soldiers into the force, what is the most important thing the Commander should give to the Subordinate units?
Time for those personnel to integrate and to learn the gaining unit's standard operating procedures and the plan the gaining unit will execute
When faced with an uncertain situation what do people naturally tend to do?
hesitate and gather more information to reduce the uncertainty
When is the Force as a whole most vulnerable to surprise and enemy attack?
during preparation
Who is the most important participants in effective planning?
The Commander
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Who will higher headquarters solicit input and continually share information with concerning future operations?
subordinate and adjacent units, supporting and supported
units, and unified action partners
Why do Commanders continuously assess the situation?
to better understand current conditions and determine how the operation is progressing
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