Lab 9 - Measuring Biodiversity
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
De Anza College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
4A
Subject
Industrial Engineering
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
8
Uploaded by thanhtuyenn12abc
Tran 1
Professor Johnson
Measuring Biodiversity
May 8th, 2021
Measuring Bird Biodiversity
Tran 2
Figure 9.5
: Species Accumulation Curve for Bird Survey
Figure 9.6
: Rank-Abundance Curve for Bird Survey
Tran 3
Conclusions:
The H-value is about .400 below the upper limit which is 2.20. That will give a
pretty high value of the Evenness Index, close to 1, which shows rich biodiversity of birds within
the campus and even distribution between species.
Measuring Invertebrate Biodiversity: Pitfall Traps
Table 9.7
: Data Table for Soil Sample - Habitat 1: Group 8
Species Identified
Total number of Individuals
1.Hymenootera (ants)
5
2.Isopoda (pill bug)
1
3.Collembola
1
4.Acarina (white)
6
5.Araneida (spider)
3
6.Coleoptera
6
Species Richness = 6
Total = 22
Table 9.8
: Shannon Calculation Table for Soil Sample - Habitat 1: Group 8
Organisms
Found in Soil
Samples
N
i
P
i
ln P
i
-(P
i
- ln P
i
)
1.Hymenootera
(ants)
5
0.2273
-1.482
0.337
2.Isopoda (pill
bug)
1
0.0455
-3.091
0.141
3.Collembola
1
0.0455
-3.091
0.141
4.Acarina
(white)
6
0.2727
-1.299
0.354
5.Araneida
(spider)
3
0.1364
-1.992
0.272
6.Coleoptera
6
0.2727
-1.299
0.354
Total
22
H = 1.599
Species Evenness:
J = 0.8924
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Tran 4
Table 9.9
: Data Table for Soil Sample - Habitat 2: Group 8
Species Identified
Total number of Individuals
1.Acarina (white)
4
2.Diptera (Fly)
3
3.Ant
1
Species Richness = 3
Total = 8
Table 9.10
: Shannon Calculation Table for Soil Sample - Habitat 2: Group 8
Organisms
Found in Soil
Samples
N
i
P
i
ln P
i
-(P
i
- ln P
i
)
1.Acarina
(white)
4
0.50
-0.693
0.346
2.Diptera (Fly)
3
0.375
-0.981
0.368
3.Ant
1
0.125
-2.079
0.260
Total
8
H = 0.974
Species Evenness:
J = 0.887
Table 9.11
: Species Accumulation Data for Soil Samples
Group (Sample Number)
Cumulative Species Number
- Habitat 1
Cumulative Species Number
- Habitat 2
1
5
1
2
8
2
3
8
4
4
9
5
5
10
5
6
10
5
7
11
6
Tran 5
8
11
6
9
11
7
Figure 9.7
: Species Accumulation Curves for Soil Samples, Habitats 1 and 2
Table 9.12
: Rank Abundance Data for Soil Samples - Habitat 1: Grass
Rank
Species
Number individuals
% total
1
Hymenoptera (ants)
20
21.51
2
isopoda (pill bug)
18
19.35
3
Collembola
13
13.98
4
Acarina (white)
11
11.83
5
Araneida (spider)
9
9.68
6
Coleoptera
8
8.60
Tran 6
7
Myriapod
5
5.38
8
mollusca
3
3.23
9
Mallophaga
3
3.23
10
earwig
2
2.15
11
Siphonaptera
1
1.08
Total = 93
Table 9.13
: Rank Abundance Data for Soil Samples - Habitat 2: Redwood
Rank
Species
Number individuals
% total
1
Acarina (white)
19
47.50
2
Diptera (Fly)
11
27.50
3
Springtail
4
10.00
4
ant
3
7.50
5
Lumbricina
1
2.50
6
Acarina(black)
1
2.50
7
Mite
1
2.50
Total = 40
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Tran 7
Figure 9.8
: Rank - Abundance Curves for Soil Samples (Grass vs. Redwood)
Table 9.14
: Summary of H values for soil samples in both labs
Table 9.15
: Calculation of t-Value
Habitat 1
Habitat 2
Mean (
x̅
)
0.9061
0.5367
Variance (s
2
)
0.2722
0.1205
Sample Size (n)
9
9
Degrees of Freedom
16
t value (calculated)
0.0989
critical t-value (from the table)
2.12
Conclusions:
Both habitats have completely different biodiversity that can be found in the area. Also, the
amount of species found in grass doubles the amount of species found in redwood. I do not think
Tran 8
the collection of samples is more than half of all species present at each site. The grass habitat
also contains micro species which can’t be seen unless we use a microscope to find it. The
species found are within millimeters or more. The same applies for redwood.
Last question:
t < t-critical indicates there is not a significant difference in
diversity. Evaluate whether more than half the species have been sampled from
the species accumulation curves.
Here’s the comment he wrote for my work