cj205_M5_History of Policing in America

CJ 205 Module Five Practice Activity History of Policing in America Describe major policing events or evolutions in American policing during each era. Write three or more sentences in each cell where a response is required. American Policing: The Colonial Experience American Policing: Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries American Policing: Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries The North: The Watch Northern colonies had established a civil law enforcement system that would mimic the English by the beginning of the seventeenth century (Carter et al., 2019). The most well-known member of the law enforcement community who oversaw elections and collected taxes was the sheriff. Town marshals in cities were supported by their constables. In New York, the night watch was just as corrupt as the burglars they battled to bring to justice. The Urban Experience New York police officers started arming themselves with guns in the late 1850s as a self-defense measure (Carter et al., 2019). To enable policemen to use the Morse code system to signal their precincts, telegraph signal stations were established in Cincinnati and Chicago later in the 1860s. Telephone call boxes supplanted the Morse code method in Cincinnati in 1881. This was the police officers' first truly efficient way to communicate while they were patrolling their assigned area. Policing from 1900 to 1960 President Roosevelt had increased the bar for police recruiting just before the year 2000 (Carter et al., 2019). Even with the reforms that were being made, the majority of reform initiatives failed, and things would revert to the typical corrupt and vicious police. Two-way radio use began in the 1940s, while the use of patrol cars had been commonplace by the 1920s. The South: Slave Patrols and Codes The South's residents dealt with offenders on their own because there was little to no law and order there (Carter et al., 2019). Slave patrols were established to keep slaves from escaping and to make sure they would not establish groups or conduct crimes against their white masters. Slave codes stipulated that all slaves were the property of their white masters and that they possessed no civil rights. The Southern Experience The defenders of white supremacist policies in the South were the police (Carter et al., 2019). The KKK's actions were attempted to be curbed by the use of the military. Unlike their contemporaries in the North, it appears that the South was uninterested in change. Policing in the 1960s and 1970s In the US, racial tensions were starting to rise in the years 1960 to 1970 (Carter et al., 2019). Police carrying out unauthorized searches and seizures was one of the outcomes. People started using the US Amendments to their advantage in court, and some cases were being dismissed as a result of the police's unlawful actions. By 1966, it had become mandatory for police to read the Miranda rights to everyone who was being arrested or in custody. An offender is being advised of their constitutional rights in this way. No response required The Frontier Experience Policing in the 1980s and 1990s