History Final Exam (1)
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
American Military University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
HIST 405
Subject
History
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by hdavis2112
Question 1
What made Native American peoples vulnerable to conquest by European adventurers?
When the first European settlers arrived now North America, they came across many
different animals, plants, and fish.
This allowed them to initially thrive in North America and
adapt to the natural resources they had at their disposal.
However, with the arrival of European
settlers came new challenges and diseases, that ultimately left them vulnerable to the new
settlers.
When the English, French and Spanish came to North America they brought with them
good and bad things. A con to them coming to North America was the diseases they brought with
them (Mintz & McNeil, 2018). Native Americans didn't have the immune system built up to
these diseases that the settlers did, which made them extremely vulnerable (Mintz & McNeil,
2018). Diseases ranged from smallpox, influenza, measles, and chicken pox, all of which proved
to be very deadly. Most of these diseases were transferred through direct contact which happened
daily from trading and meeting with European settlers. Research shows that measles, whooping
cough, and mumps were among the top contributors to reducing the Native American population
greatly (Mintz & McNeil, 2018). Some studies show that up to 90 percent of the Native
American population perished from illnesses that the Europeans gave to them (Kincheloe, 2007).
Another challenge that Native Americans faced was their interest in goods and skills the
Europeans brought over.
With the settlers bringing over goods that the Natives had never seen,
they were eager to start trading.
Resources like axes, knives, and hoes were very popular now
with the Natives (Kincheloe, 2007).
Furthermore, Native Americans were harvesting animals
with bow and arrow, but the settlers introduced a “simpler” way to hunt, with firearms and
ammunition (Kincheloe, 2007).
As a result, the Natives started to rely more and more on the
Europeans for daily needs (Kincheloe, 2007).
The last big challenge that ultimately led to the Europeans’ conquest was slavery. Natives
that had been captured in wars between tribes were often traded to the settlers to assist them with
tasks like building structures and clearing fields to then harvest (Kincheloe, 2007). If they were
not being traded, Natives were often sold to the settlers for their labor.
With diseases, interest in new goods, and slavery, Native Americans left themselves very
susceptible to being concurred by the European settlers.
What was once a thriving Native
American population, ended up being very sparce. Instead, the land the Native Americans had
concurred, was now land occupied by European settlers.
Kincheloe, J. (2007).
American Indians at European Contact: Originally published as “Earliest
American Explorers: Adventure and Survival.”
NCPEDIA.
https://www.ncpedia.org/history/early/contact
Mintz, S., & McNeil, S. (2018).
Digital History
. http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu
Question 2
3. Why did Britain switch to a Southern military strategy? Why did that strategy ultimately fail?
With the Revolutionary War hitting becoming stale, the southern colonies became the
focus of the fight.
With the Loyalists, Indian allies, and slaves being located primarily in the
South, that is where Britian focused their attention.
This plan was initially successful, but the
strategy ultimately failed.
With Britian capturing Savannah, Georgia in 1778, they came upon many slaves who
wanted to join them to get away from their bondage (
War in the South
, 2014).
Once they had a
mass of individuals from Georgia, they focused on South Carolina, a state that was divided. By
joining in on the war, it allowed South Carolina residents to fight over local resentments and
antagonism which led to murderous consequences (
War in the South
, 2014).
One major win for
Britian was the surrendering of American troops under General Benjamin Lincoln.
After the British's initial success, they soon began to see their strategy fail. One big
reason was that they had harsh practices in the south with brutality, this ultimately led to losing
loyalists and support (McBrayer, n.d.). The plan continued to fail when militiamen and patriots
began spurring attacks against British loyalist held areas of the south. Backcountry patriots were
also conducting guerilla attacks on British supply chains and small loyalist positions (McBrayer,
n.d.). American General Greene was soon tasked with leading many Continental troops to fight
Cornwallis' armies. Cornwallis eventually lost half of his British troops, and soon marched to the
coast of North Carolina to rest and recover. Eventually he made his way back to Virginia
ultimately ending the British Southern Strategy.
The fall of the Southern military strategy was happening at that point. The remainder of
British and British loyalist positions were taken over by Patriots. Some loyalists soon switched
and became loyal to colonial forces. This ultimately ended any British influence and advantage
in the South.
McBrayer, R. (n.d.).
Southern Strategy
. George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Retrieved
September 27, 2023, from
https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-
encyclopedia/article/southern-strategy/
War in the South. (2014).
U.S. History. https://pressbooks-dev.oer.hawaii.edu/ushistory/chapter/war-in-
the-south/
Question 3
4. Why did women's issues suddenly become so prominent in American culture?
Prior to the Revolutionary War, American women had little to no rights. Once married
they were generally unable to control money, own land of any capacity, or express the right to
vote. Throughout the war women were called upon and volunteered to show that they could
sacrifice their time and dedicate their efforts to conduct work that their fighting husbands would
normally do.
After the war came the questions about women, their role, and the future of America.
Soon there were many debates about the political rights of women with many of these women
being patriots (Skemp, 2016). After the war, the women had a feeling of self-worth as many
women had run businesses and operated farms and ranches, all while taking care of the home and
their care (Skemp, 2016). This showed that women could be vital without the physical and
monetary support of their husbands who at the time were away fighting in the war. This opened
the eyes of many Americans who started to feel as if these women were patriots, fought for their
country, and took care of the home, could vote (Skemp, 2016).
In short, women of all social classes began to advocate for more women's rights. Time
and time again they showed before, during, and after the war that they could prove themselves
worthy of being contributing members to society and the populace of the states and country. Not
only did women want more rights, but they also wanted to be able to own land, have different
employment opportunities, have a salary, and vote (Miller, 2008).
These were the women that paved the way for women's rights to be passed from that
point and throughout the future. This was a major win for women and the future of America.
Women proved to be just as important as men and showed they could hold their own, with their
own rights.
Miller, G. (2008). Women’s suffrage, political responsiveness, and child survival in American
history.
The quarterly journal of economics
, 123(3), 1287–1327.
https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.2008.123.3.1287
Skemp, S. (2016).
Women and Politics in the Era of the American Revolution
. Oxford Research
American History.
from
https://oxfordre.com/americanhistory/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.001.0001/a
crefore-9780199329175-e-216?mediaType=Article#acrefore-9780199329175-e-216-div1-6
Question 4
1. How did plantation crops and the slavery system change between 1800 and 1860? Why did
these changes occur?
In the early 1800s the American economy relied purely on agricultural exports and
production. During the pre-civil war period, the country was amid a mere industrial revolution.
Most of these industrial advances were north of the Mason Dixon line.
The South was behind in their production by large compared to the rest of America. This
was largely because they relied on salves and the working man to complete their production
(Arrington, n.d.). States of the North relied on machinery to conduct most of their production
with the assistance of the working man. By 1860s, the South was still a predominantly
agriculturally based region, responsible for producing almost two-thirds of the world’s cotton
(Arrington, n.d.). However, the south and its slaves could not keep up with the manufacturing
capabilities of the north.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
On the eve of the Civil War and during the war in 1860s, emancipation of the slaves
would crush the labor force of the south and soon, crush their ability to continue their dominating
production of cotton. The South was an economic powerhouse because of the slavery system in
place from the early 1800s until the pre-Civil War years (Arrington, n.d.). The North was heavily
industrialized in machinery and able to manufacture many goods that the south couldn't because
the south heavily relied on slave labor to produce their materials and goods (Arrington, n.d.).
Once the Emancipation Proclamation took place, plantation crops such as cotton in the South
took a devastating blow in production rates as slaves were seeking their freedom. Soon after,
slavery would be completely abolished with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.
Between the 1800s and 1860s, a lot of changes came to plantation crops and slavery.
These changes changed the history of America and what could be done in the industrial and
farming world. The biggest change and success, was the abolishing of slavery for individuals in
the South.
Arrington, B. (n.d.).
Industry and Economy during the Civil War
. National Park Service.
https://www.nps.gov/articles/industry-and-economy-during-the-civil-war.htm#:~:text=By
%201860%2C%20the%20free%20states,seven%2Deighths%20of%20its%20oats.