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Round 7 Middle Grades – 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions 1. A battle here on June 17, 1775 discouraged the British from attacking Dorchester Heights above Boston. It enabled General Washington to fortify that location with enough heavy guns to threaten the British in Boston. Although known as the Battle of Bunker Hill, on what hill was most of the fighting in the first major battle of the American Revolution fought? BREED'S HILL (Accept: BUNKER HILL) 2. A number pattern lists every other prime number starting with 3. Find the third term of this pattern. 13 3. Identify the following sentence's grammatical structure: Let the rain fall down everywhere around you. SIMPLE (SENTENCE) 4. In August 2015, this public figure received top scores on her GCSE exams, rigorous national tests in her adopted home of the U.K. Her rise to prominence began with an anonymous diary for the BBC, and culminated in a 2014 Nobel Peace Prize, making her the award's youngest recipient to date. Name this Pakistani-born education advocate who survived an assassination attempt by the Taliban. MALALA YOUSAFZAI [yoo-sahf-ZIGH] (Accept first or last or both) 5. In terms of structure, this polymer may be compared to cellulose, and in terms of function, to keratin. It is the main component of the cell walls of fungi, the internal shells of cephalopods, and the exoskeletons of arthropods. Name this main component in the supportive outside covering of lobster and insects. CHITIN [KYE-tin] 6. A rectangular prism has dimensions of 1 meter by 5 meters by 6 meters. What is the surface area, in square meters, of this prism? 82 (SQUARE METERS) (ACCEPT: 82 METERS SQUARED) 7. This author lived in Cincinnati, Ohio, for 18 years, where she met fugitive slaves and learned about life in the South. After moving to Maine, she wrote a long tale of slavery that was first published as a series in an anti-slavery paper, and later as a book in 1852. Name this author, who, according to Abraham Lincoln's son, was greeted by the president in 1862 with the words, "So you're the little woman who wrote the book that started this great war." (HARRIET BEECHER) STOWE 8. In a State of the Union Address, this man asserted that all people should enjoy the four fundamental freedoms "from want, from fear, of speech, and of worship." He urged the U.S. to be the "great arsenal of democracy." Identify this president, who called December 7, 1941 "a date which will live in infamy" in his "Pearl Harbor Address." 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 1
FRANKLIN (DELANO) ROOSEVELT 9. In this musical, the Wilkes sisters sing "You Oughta Be Here with Me" and "Leavin's Not the Only Way to Go." The Duke croons about "The Royal Nonesuch," while the two protagonists describe "Muddy Water" and "River in the Rain." Identify this musical, with music and lyrics by Roger Miller, based on Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn . BIG RIVER 10. In this stage of mitosis and meiosis [my-OH-sis], the chromosomes align in the equatorial plane of the spindle. The duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell separates into two identical daughter cells. Identify this stage of cell division, which occurs just before anaphase. METAPHASE 11. Before planting some plant seeds, Austin measures them to see how long they are. What metric unit of length would be the most appropriate for him to use? MILLIMETERS 12. He was Jesse's son, and was Israel's second king. His son, who succeeded him, was Solomon. Identify this Israelite king, who gained his fame as a warrior, but also had Bathsheba's husband killed so that he could marry her. DAVID 13. In the sentence, "He answered the door when the bell rang," "when the bell rang" is this general type of clause. What kind of clause may begin with a relative pronoun, and always contains a subject and a verb, but cannot form a complete sentence? SUBORDINATE (CLAUSE) 14. This act of persuasion is carried out by intensive indoctrination. It was used on American prisoners during the Korean War. Give the term for a method of systematically changing attitudes or altering beliefs through torture, drugs, or psychological stress techniques. BRAINWASHING 15. One function of this holiday is to celebrate the return of Rama, Sita [SEE-tuh], and Hanuman [HAH-noo-mahn] to the city where Rama continued his righteous reign. Participants light small earthenware lamps filled with oil, and place them in rows along temples and houses or let them float in streams. Name this "festival of lights" occurring in October or November, which marks the beginning of the Hindu new year. DIWALI [dih-WAH-lee, dih-VAH-lee] 16. David and John are mowing a yard together. If it takes David 5 hours to mow the yard by himself, and it takes 4 hours for John to mow the yard by himself, then as a mixed number how many hours will it take for them to mow the yard together? 2 2/9 (HOURS) 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 2
2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 3
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17. His term of office as United States vice president lasted 82 days in 1945. He famously had a sign on his desk in the Oval Office that read, "The buck stops here." Name this U.S. president, who ordered the atomic bombing of two Japanese cities, and authorized the Marshall Plan to rebuild war-torn Europe. (HARRY S.) TRUMAN 18. Legends claim that this historical figure ignited a magic fire that druids couldn't extinguish, and transformed himself into a deer to reach the Hill of Tara safely. He adapted pagan symbols into the Celtic cross, and allegedly drove all of an island's snakes into the sea. Identify this saint, who used the shamrock to teach his Celtic converts about the trinity. (SAINT) PATRICK 19. On August 23, 2015, this location received a delivery that included Japanese liquor, twelve mice, and an electron microscope. Completing fifteen orbits a day, this multi- national home to astronauts and cosmonauts orbits at an altitude of around 240 miles. Name the habitable satellite that is now the largest artificial body in orbit, and can often be seen by the naked eye from Earth. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 20. One of these musical compositions entitled "Ruffles and Flourishes" is usually played before "Hail to the Chief" announces a president's arrival. Originally, it was a signal in court ceremonies, hunts, or battles, and played by percussion with trumpets or horns. Identify this kind of short melody, which Aaron Copland composed "for the Common Man." FANFARE 21. Find the solution to the equation 3x minus 5 equals 4x plus 6. -11 22. In economics, this term refers to the use of goods and services by households. Many economists consider it to be the final purpose of economic activity. What is this term, whose level per person is seen as a main measure of an economy's success? CONSUMPTION 23. Most of this novel's characters, including Nat Blake, Dan Kean, and brothers Emil and Franz Hoffmann, are orphans. They reside at the Plumfield Estate School, where they tend gardens, own pets, and form close friendships under the watchful eyes of Fritz and Jo Bhaer [BAY-er]. Identify this prequel to Jo's Boys and sequel to Little Women by Louisa May Alcott. LITTLE MEN 24. Racecar drivers reduce this force as much as possible by streamlining the shape of their vehicles, or by adding spoilers. As the density of the surrounding air or liquid increases, so does this. Give the four-letter term for the resistance acting upon an object as it moves through a fluid or gas. DRAG 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 4
2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 5
25. Spanish name, please. In this painting, the artist included himself working on the left side, as well as two monarchs reflected in a mirror on the back wall. The foreground features a mastiff, two court buffoons, and two ladies in waiting surrounding the Infanta Margarita. Name this painting, whose title is Spanish for "the Maids of Honor," by Diego Velázquez [vuh-LAHS-kez]. (LAS) MENINAS [may-NEE-nuhs] 26. Given right triangle ABC, the side opposite angle A has a length of 8, the side opposite angle B has a length of 6, and the side opposite angle C has a length of 10 inches. As a reduced fraction, what is the tangent of angle A? FOUR THIRDS 27. One of this author's stories features the computer Multivac, which refuses to obey scientists' commands until they ask it nicely. Another story focuses on the Sakkaros [SACK-uh-rose], who eat nothing but sweets and melt in the rain, presumably because they are made from sugar. Name the fantasy and science fiction author of "Key Item" and "Rain, Rain, Go Away." (ISAAC) ASIMOV 28. Strictly speaking, this architectural term refers to any spout designed to prevent water from eroding mortar between masonry walls. Romans in Pompeii carved them from terra cotta, but the best-known examples are stone figures set atop cornice molding. Identify these rainspouts sometimes carved to resemble grotesque animals. GARGOYLE(S) 29. Symptoms of this condition, known as Barlow's disease in infants, include spongy gums, weakness, and depression. James Lind cured its occurrence in sailors by administering citrus juice. Identify the disease that is caused by a deficiency in vitamin C. SCURVY 30. These people ruled an empire that extended from Ecuador to central Chile. Their descendents today constitute about 45 percent of the population of Peru. Identify these people, who built a vast network of roads throughout their Andes empire. INCA 31. Integers are numbers that have no fractional parts. What is the classifcation of numbers that can be written as a quotient of two integers? RATIONAL (NUMBERS) 32. Shakespeare uses this sound device in the Romeo and Juliet line, "From forth the fatal loins of these two foes." Give the term for the repetition of similar consonant sounds at the beginning of successive words. ALLITERATION 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 6
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33. The "strong" force binds these subatomic particles together. They come in six different "flavors": up, down, top, bottom, charm, and strange. What are these fundamental particles that come together to form protons and neutrons? QUARK(S) 34. The eighteenth-century version of this dance was in 2/4 time, and saw four couples perform elaborate terms with interlaced arms. The seventeenth-century type, in 4/4 time, consisted of a line of couples who walked three steps before balancing on one foot. Identify this dance, whose name is the French word for "German." ALLEMANDE [ah-luh-MAHND] 35. This career soldier proved to be very useful to General George Washington at Valley Forge. Congress appointed him to train the Continental forces during that winter. Name this Prussian officer, who turned those troops into a well-disciplined and efficient fighting force. (FRIEDRICH WILHELM) VON STEUBEN 36. One angle is 6 more than twice another. If the two angles form a linear pair, what is the measurement, in degrees, of the larger angle? 122 (DEGREES) 37. Spelling required. The obnoxious crowd mocked her bizarre camouflage outfit. Spell the word in the previous sentence that is a synonym of "outlandish." B-I-Z-A-R-R-E 38. The endosperm of this grain, which contains starch, gluten, germ, and hull and fiber, is the portion that we consume. Separated into its components--starch, oil, protein and fiber--it can be converted into higher value products. Identify the large grain plant from which syrupy sweeteners and ethanol are derived. CORN 39. The most common type of this instrument includes a series of controls known as stops. The player uses pedals and one or more keyboards to force air through a graduated set of pipes. Give the name of this Baroque instrument still seen in some churches. ORGAN 40. This city was the center of an ancient state that began about 500 B.C. on a European peninsula. In the following years, that state expanded at the expense of the Etruscan [ih-TRUHS-kuhn] states. Name this city that eventually became the center of an empire that nearly surrounded the Mediterranean Sea. ROME End of First Half – Begin Three-Minute Inquiry Period 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 7
Round 7 - Second Half Middle Grades – 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions 41. Rewrite the following using only positive exponents: the quantity 8X to the fourth close quantity over the quantity 16X cubed. X OVER 2 (Accept: 1/2 X) 42. The first important female scientist in this field, Rosa Smith Eigenmann, discovered the blind goby [GO-buy]. Studies in this branch of science can lead to careers in anatomy, behavior, ecology, and conservation. In which field do scientists study carp, trout, and bass, among other types of fish? ICHTHYOLOGY [ick-thee-OL-uh-jee] 43. The Latin root "rupt" appears in words like "disrupt," "bankrupt," and "rupture." What is its English meaning? (TO) BREAK 44. This adjective refers to artistic shapes like a puddle, boomerang, or leaf. What kind of shape, the counterpart of geometric, resembles something found in nature? ORGANIC (SHAPE) 45. This Great Circle around the Earth lies in a plane perpendicular to the Earth's axis. It is equally distant from the two poles. Identify this reference line, located at zero degrees latitude. EQUATOR 46. State your answer as a mixed fraction. A board that is fourteen and two-fifths units long is being cut into pieces that are two and two-fifths units. If each cut will take one-third of a minute, then how many minutes will it take to make these cuts? ONE AND TWO-THIRDS (MINUTES) 47. The Fleischmann brothers successfully marketed this product in the 1870s, making mass production and consumption of bread possible. It also plays a role in the fermentation of alcoholic beverages. Name the single-celled fungus that is used in baking to give bread a lift. YEAST 48. This artist's Night Windows shows a lighted apartment where a woman bends away from the window. A multi-story mansion is the center of his House by the Railroad , while a woman drinks a cup of coffee at a restaurant in Automat . Who continued his theme of isolation by showing a lone usherette in New York Movie ? (EDWARD) HOPPER 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 8
49. This biography opens in 1903 at the Winter Palace before giving the reader a glimpse of destitute farms and Moscow's horrible factories. It explores how Tsar Nicholas the Second and his wife Alexandra isolated their children from the unrest that led to their overthrow and murder in 1918. What Sibert Honor book about the fall of Imperial Russia was written by Candace Fleming? (THE) FAMILY ROMANOV 50. This man served a 27-year prison sentence before being released in 1990. When he died in December 2013, world leaders attended his funeral, during which President Obama took a famous selfie. Name this man, who from 1994 to '99 was the president of South Africa. (NELSON) MANDELA 51. Suppose a pie graph is being made for the number of students in each grade of a middle school that has grades 6, 7, and 8. If there are 200 students in each class, when the pie graph is made, how many degrees will the angle be in the piece representing the sixth grade? 120 (DEGREES) 52. The odds that this cell will split to produce identical twins is 285 to one. It forms when two gametes unite--that is, when a sperm fertilizes an egg. Identify the cell that divides to become a blastocyst, an embryo, and finally a fetus. ZYGOTE 53. This book begins with the story of Soonie's great-grandmother, who learns to quilt from Big Mama after being sold to a South Carolina plantation. She creates quilts that illustrate the way to freedom for other slaves, passing this knowledge on to her own children until it runs through eight generations of the family. Give the title of this Jacqueline Woodson Newbery Honor Book. SHOW WAY 54. This collection of preludes and fugues includes pieces written in twenty-four keys: twelve major and twelve minor. Its name signifies a tuning system that works equally well in all keys, and hints that the pieces can be played on any keyboard instrument. What is this work designed to introduce instrumentalists to scales and chords, written by Johann Sebastian Bach? (THE) WELL-TEMPERED CLAVIER [kluh-VEER] 55. This nonconformist brought his religious ideals to New England in 1631. His views were found unacceptable in both the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the Plymouth Colony. Name this founder of the colony of Rhode Island, which became a haven for religious freedom. (ROGER) WILLIAMS 56. The amount of jam that Maya can make is directly proportional to how many days she spends making the jam. She can make 14 liters of jam in 7 days. How many liters of jam can she make in 10 days? 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 9
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20 (LITERS) 57. The word 'apex' can be used before this term to denote an animal at the top of a food chain. By definition, it can also describe any carnivorous animal that isn't solely a scavenger. What word categorizes organisms that prey upon others for food? PREDATOR 58. This character befriends Scarlett Perkins, survives capture by the Ghouls, and meets an unjustly executed witch, Elizabeth Hempstock. He defeats each member of the Jack of All Trades, including Jack Frost, who murdered the protagonist's entire family when he was a baby. Identify the hero of Neil Gaiman's [GAY-muhnz] The Graveyard Book . NOBODY OWENS (accept first or last or both) 59. These photon units are released from an atom's nucleus when it is in a high-energy state, usually after radioactive decay. Containment structures in nuclear reactors have lead in them, to block these rays when nuclear fission produces them. Identify these most powerful electromagnetic rays, named for the third letter of the Greek alphabet. GAMMA (RAY) 60. This character stars in a series of novels that place him in a garden, a caravan, a zoo, and a circus, as well as on the moon. He faces pirates and explores a secret lake, all with the help of Polynesia the parrot, Dab-Dab the duck, and his other Puddleby-on-the- Marsh friends. Who is this Hugh Lofting creation, a Victorian English physician who can talk to animals? (DR. JOHN) DOLITTLE 61. This composer earned a Grammy for El Dorado and a Pulitzer for his response to the September 11 terrorist attacks, On the Transmigration of Souls . He wrote Short Ride on a Fast Machine for a symphony orchestra, and Shaker Loops for a string septet. Identify this minimalist composer most famous for his operas, including Doctor Atomic and Nixon in China . (JOHN) ADAMS 62. This Greek goddess transformed Actaeon into a stag that hounds subsequently killed, and in some stories, is responsible for Adonis's and Orion's deaths. Immediately after her birth, she helped her mother Leto deliver her twin brother, earning her the designation goddess of childbirth. Identify this sister of Apollo, the goddess of chastity, wild animals, and the hunt. ARTEMIS 63. This organization promotes good citizenship by encouraging its members to learn and practice a series of 12 laws. The first of these is to be trustworthy, and the last is to be reverent. Identify this organization, whose pledge begins, "On my honor, I will do my best...". BOY SCOUTS (OF AMERICA) 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 10
64. This remote volcanic island is owned by Chile. It is the site of great stone figures that have mystified people for years. Name this island, which was discovered by the Dutch on a special Christian holiday, hence its name. EASTER (ISLAND) 65. What is the additive inverse of the integer 15? NEGATIVE 15 66. These winds that blow towards the equator were shown on the world's first weather map, created by Edmund Halley in 1686. There are both northeast and southeast types, which meet in a region called the Doldrums. Name the winds once used by merchants, but now better known for bringing pleasant weather to tropical islands. TRADE (WINDS) 67. This foreign word arose as a means of preventing the soul from leaving the body. It means "health" in German. What is this word, traditionally said when someone sneezes? GESUNDHEIT [guh-ZOONT-hight] 68. This instrument, often made of African blackwood, consists of a long cylinder that terminates in a flared bell. Usually tuned to B-flat, its mouthpiece requires a single reed to produce sound. What is this popular woodwind associated with Benny Goodman, which represents the cat in Peter and the Wolf ? CLARINET 69. This sixth century Benedictine led a mission of 40 Catholic monks to England, which was then mainly pagan. With the support of King Ethelbert [ETH-uhl-burt] of Kent, they began their work in Canterbury. Name this man, who became the first Archbishop of Canterbury. (SAINT) AUGUSTINE 70. What is the sum in degrees of the measures of the interior angles of a convex dodecagon? 1800 (DEGREES) 71. This galaxy, one of four visible to the naked eye from Earth, was first discovered about 964 A.D. Also known as M31 or Messier [MESS-ee-ay] 31, it shares its more common name with the constellation in which it resides. What is this galaxy named for a mythological princess? ANDROMEDA 72. This kind of pronoun is present in the sentence, "I myself cleaned that rug." Name the type of pronoun that ends in -self or -selves, but can be removed without changing the sentence's meaning. INTENSIVE (PRONOUN) 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 11
73. This man adapted Rimsky-Korsakov's [RYEEM-skyee-KAWR-suh-kuhfz] Scheherazade [shuh-her-uh-ZAHD] into a ballet, and produced Mussorgsky's [moo-SAWRG-skeez] opera Boris Godunov [guh-doo-NAWF]. He also produced three Stravinsky ballets-- The Firebird , Petrushka [puh-TROOSH-kuh], and The Rite of Spring --with a company that included Fokine [foh-KEEN], Pavlova [PAH-vluh-vuh], and Nijinsky [ni-ZHIN-skee]. Who was this impresario best known for founding the Ballets Russes [ba-LEY ROOS]? (SERGEI) DIAGHILEV [dee-AH-guh-lef] 74. This state's borders include the Red River, the Sabine River, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Rio Grande. Its most rugged terrain lies to the west of the Pecos River. Name this state, which was the nation's largest in size until 1959. TEXAS 75. What would you add to X squared plus 8 X if you were to complete the perfect square trinomial? 16 76. This man's early compositions mimicked his mentor Arnold Schoenberg's [SHERN-bergz] twelve-tone works, but he eventually branched out into the "prepared piano." His Imaginary Landscapes require turntables, radios, and tape recorders. Name this avant- garde composer of 4'33" [FOUR MINUTES THIRTY-THREE SECONDS]. (JOHN) CAGE 77. This poem, whose title is its last line, begins, "Nature's first green is gold, / Her hardest hue to hold." Give the title of this Robert Frost poem, which appears in the novel The Outsiders . "NOTHING GOLD CAN STAY" 78. This Union brigadier general was sent to Kentucky, where he succeeded to the command of forces there in 1861. He later distinguished himself at the Battle of Shiloh and was promoted to major general. Name this general, who occupied Atlanta before his celebrated "March to the Sea." (WILLIAM TECUMSEH) SHERMAN 79. This weather phenomenon has been compared to coins, sports balls, and food items, such as walnuts, eggs, and grapefruits. It forms when very strong updrafts inside cumulonimbus [kyoom-yoo-low-NIM-bus] clouds allow for the building of ice layers around water droplets. Identify this largest form of precipitation. HAIL 80. When you graph the linear function y equals negative 4x, which quadrants does the graph go through? SECOND (AND) FOURTH (Accept: 2 (and) 4) (either order) End of Second Half – Begin Three-Minute Inquiry Period 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 12
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2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 13
Extra Questions H-1 This song's later verses include the lyrics, "If I get there before you do, / I'll cut a hole and pull you through," and, "The brightest day that I can say, / When Jesus washed my sins away." Earlier in the song, the speaker looks over the River Jordan to see a band of angels coming after him. Give the name of this spiritual, in which the title vehicle is "coming for to carry me home." SWING LOW, SWEET CHARIOT SC-2 This word collectively names the non-motile marine organisms that multiply from June to November thanks to the south equatorial current in the Galapagos. With a Greek name meaning "wandering," these tiny organisms are at the bottom of the oceanic food chain. Identify these simple creatures, which include protozoa [proh-tuh-ZOH-uh] and diatoms [DI-uh-tomz]. PLANKTON LA-3 T his word comes from the Latin roots meaning "both" and "right" or "favorable." While it can refer to a deceitful or unusually skillful person, it usually names someone who can use both hands equally well. Give this adjective beginning with A. AMBIDEXTROUS SS-4 Two answers required. These two nations benefited from the Treaty of Tordesillas [tawr- they-SEE-lyahs], which divided all newly discovered or yet undiscovered lands between them. Identify these countries, one of which claimed Brazil, and the other, which claimed the rest of South America. SPAIN AND PORTUGAL (either order) M-5 When you roll a pair of standard die numbered 1 through 6, and add the dots on the two dice, what is the sum that will occur most frequently? 7 2015-16 Governor’s Cup Practice Questions – Middle Grades Round 7 - Page 14