Origins of the Great War Nov 29

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Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College *

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2213

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History

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Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ProfessorSandpiper3739

Origins of the Great War, 1870-1914  Legacy of Aggressive Wars and National Unification:  Italian-Austrian Wars (1859); Realpolitik  Franco-Prussian War (1870)  Competing Alliance Systems and the Arms Race:  Triple Entente (1904) VS  Triple Alliance (1882)  Kaiser Wilhelm II (1888-1918) Militarism  Definition:  The policy of aggressive preparedness  European Imperialism  The practice of extending a nations power by gaining territories for a colonial empire.  European countries began to compete to gain territory  By the late 1800 Nationalism  Defined as the desire of independent nations for dominance and prestige  This caused Europe to become very unstable in the early 1900s as nations competed to dominate each other.  Any spark would send Europe into total war. Events leading to the Great War  Sarajevo Crisis:  Franz Ferdinand Assassinated (June 28,1914)  The Black Hand- Serbia  Austrian Ultimatum to Serbia ((July 23,1914)  The “Blank Check” Events Leading to the Great War  Austria attacks Serbia (July 28,1914)  Russia mobilizes Army. German ultimatum to Russia (July 30-31 st , 1914) Nicholar II.  Germany declares War on Russia (August 1, 1914)  The Schlieffen Plan  Great Britain declares war on Germany

Trench Warfare  Strategy of defending a position by fighting from deep, protected ditches.  2 Major front systems formed in Europe  Eastern Front – extended from the Black Sea to the Baltic Sea  Western Life in the Trenches  Cold, wet, dirty  Unsanitary – a disease spread  Trench Rats  Body Lice  Trench foot  Scare Food Supply The Great War, 1914-1918  Battle of Verdun (1916)  Battle of the Somme (1916) Turning Point  The U.S enters the war (1917)  Lusitania (1915), 700 American people died  The Zimmerman Telegraph Making Peace  Armistice (November 11,1918)  President Woodrow Wilson  14 Points; League of Nations Peace Conference at Versailles, 1919  David Lloyd George (GB)  Georges Clemenceau (France)  Treaty of Versailles  Article 231  New Nations were created Poland, Czechoslovakia

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