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University Class Assignment Historical Analysis- WWII.edited.edited.docx 88391 22033 Document Details Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Submission Date Dec 27, 2023, 9:40 AM UTC Download Date Dec 27, 2023, 9:40 AM UTC File Name AgADCxAAAmRBYVA File Size 19.0 KB 9 Pages 1,996 Words 11,596 Characters Page 1 of 11 - Cover Page Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 1 of 11 - Cover Page Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

How much of this submission has been generated by AI? *11% of qualifying text in this submission has been determined to be generated by AI. * Low scores have a higher likelihood of false positives. Caution: Percentage may not indicate academic misconduct. Review required. It is essential to understand the limitations of AI detection before making decisions about a student's work. We encourage you to learn more about Turnitin's AI detection capabilities before using the tool. Frequently Asked Questions What does the percentage mean? The percentage shown in the AI writing detection indicator and in the AI writing report is the amount of qualifying text within the submission that Turnitin's AI writing detection model determines was generated by AI. Our testing has found that there is a higher incidence of false positives when the percentage is less than 20. In order to reduce the likelihood of misinterpretation, the AI indicator will display an asterisk for percentages less than 20 to call attention to the fact that the score is less reliable. However, the final decision on whether any misconduct has occurred rests with the reviewer/instructor. They should use the percentage as a means to start a formative conversation with their student and/or use it to examine the submitted assignment in greater detail according to their school's policies. How does Turnitin's indicator address false positives? Our model only processes qualifying text in the form of long-form writing. Long-form writing means individual sentences contained in paragraphs that make up a longer piece of written work, such as an essay, a dissertation, or an article, etc. Qualifying text that has been determined to be AI-generated will be highlighted blue on the submission text. Non-qualifying text, such as bullet points, annotated bibliographies, etc., will not be processed and can create disparity between the submission highlights and the percentage shown. What does 'qualifying text' mean? Sometimes false positives (incorrectly flagging human-written text as AI-generated), can include lists without a lot of structural variation, text that literally repeats itself, or text that has been paraphrased without developing new ideas. If our indicator shows a higher amount of AI writing in such text, we advise you to take that into consideration when looking at the percentage indicated. In a longer document with a mix of authentic writing and AI generated text, it can be difficult to exactly determine where the AI writing begins and original writing ends, but our model should give you a reliable guide to start conversations with the submitting student. Disclaimer Our AI writing assessment is designed to help educators identify text that might be prepared by a generative AI tool. Our AI writing assessment may not always be accurate (it may misidentify both human and AI-generated text) so it should not be used as the sole basis for adverse actions against a student. It takes further scrutiny and human judgment in conjunction with an organization's application of its specific academic policies to determine whether any academic misconduct has occurred. Page 2 of 11 - AI Writing Overview Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 2 of 11 - AI Writing Overview Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

1 Historical Analysis- WWII Name Institution Course Instructor Due Date Page 3 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 3 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

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2 Historical Analysis- WWII I. Introduction World War II (1939-45) made every civil schism and church struggle look like an ant and became a watershed event in American history (Bottelier, 2020). It went from the invasion of Poland to Hiroshima and Nagasaki over six terrible years. More than seventeen million people were on land, in the air, and at sea. World War II became a turning point in American history as it led to threats to national security and made judgments that shaped future policies and legal structures. Analyzing their impact on civil rights provides a long-term lesson that speaks directly to modern debates about how best to promote homeland security. From this seminal era, American decision-makers choices about how much and in what ways the government should have authority over any individual's life determined where later discussions on state power would take place or fail to reach. II. The Threat: World War II and National Security The threat from World War II to the United States was enormous, compelling America again to consider how to ensure its security. It required an intense and integrated effort to defend national interests. The U.S. government has had to recast its conception of national security Bottelier, 2020). It threatened peace and world stability when combined with the Axis powers of Germany. In this way, violent means in Europe or Japanese expansionism and imperialist Italy were employed. I raised the prospect of world domination by Axis powers. However, everything suddenly changed on December 7, 1941 (Tauber & Banks, 2019). The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor without any warning. Besides pulling the unwilling United States into war, this attack also revealed the vulnerability of its military bases to such attacks. Page 4 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 4 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

3 German and Japanese had dispatched large espionage networks around the border of America; such clandestine operations were a genuine threat. Such foreign agents were at work everywhere, collecting intelligence information and destroying U.S. military and industrial powers (Tauber & Banks, 2019). During those days, the specter of sabotage attacks against critical physical infrastructure had led some spots to develop a strategic answer. In turn, they were heeding the fears of those who feared that evil-doers might disrupt the war effort. The U.S. also tightened security at critical points. If a significant facility can be blown up, it will harm not just national defense but American society. It was when people became aware of the deliberately constructed weaknesses in our security system. They determined that counterintelligence must be as forceful and active in its work to protect us. The threat of governmental interference by other forces, for in wartime, espionage and sabotage would have to be answered with a counter- espionage effort over every weakness. From military infrastructure to civilian facilities, resilience was required every step of the way if this turbulent era in history could ever maintain a country capable of withstanding foreign threats. World War II presented a variety of challenges to the economic landscape. Meeting wartime needs required a massive mobilization of resources. The very scale of the war substantially impacted America's economy. It called for daring levels of government intervention that had never before been seen in history (Heath, 2019). In the face of overwhelming demands, efforts were made to optimize production and optimize resources. Rationing programs and other economic controls were employed as military means, distributing essential goods evenly while checking the threat of inflation. Apart from meeting the current needs of the wartime economy, this organized strategy also assumes a relationship to maintain an economic balance. These measures reveal a sophisticated grasp of the delicate link between maintaining economic stability Page 5 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 5 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

4 and waging war, exemplified by proactive efforts to meet the unique challenges brought about by this colossal conflict. In essence, the economic policies employed during that time were significant for maintaining U.S. industrial and economic prowess, demonstrating how far running the American economy in the face of such extreme pressures can go back to this period midway Beyond the military and economic realm, this war's reverberations extended deep into social life. The change in social structure was undeniable, as armies several times the size of any pre-industrial country were raised, and conscription radically altered the balance of labor power. Examining this period from the perspective of history provides instrumental lessons for government officials in understanding how overly complex and challenging the options faced by our predecessors were when it came to balancing national security with the protection of civil liberties (Heath, 2019). It brings to mind modern homeland security policies and provides a poignant reminder of the intricate balancing act necessary when danger is exceptionally high. The societal changes and adjustments brought about by the war show us that a balance must be struck between security activities and preserving cherished values concerning individual freedoms, as demonstrated in this historical period, which guides contemporary debates over III. The War Production Board: Government Responses and Impact on Civil Liberties The War Production Board (WPB) formation in 1942 was a vital and decisive move. With sweeping powers, it controlled all resource regulation and allocation, overseeing production processes nationwide into highly complex industrial organizations. Since the exigencies of wartime production increasingly required a streamlined, coordinated approach, the WPB's almost unlimited powers became important in mobilizing all national resources for harsh war reality. Page 6 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 6 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

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5 However, these same arrangements also raised legitimate questions about concentration, abuse, power, and trampling on individual civil liberties (Tauber & Banks, 2019). The WPB's interventions were critical to the war machinery, but doubts emerged about whether the wartime government could continue with blind disregard for civil liberties. It highlighted how hard it was to distinguish between national security needs and maintaining individual freedoms during an emergency. It offers essential clues and direction for modern debates about balancing government power with civil liberties. The development marked the watershed moment when government intervention in economic affairs became decisive, and with it, several precedents for executive authority were established that remain to this day. Thus, the War Production Board (WPB) was an agency roughly equivalent to what today would be called the National Council under martial law conditions (Tauber & Banks, 2019). Although the WPB had immense powers to regulate and allocate resources, it was also responsible for planning control of production and industrial coordination. It was urgent to deal with the exigencies of wartime production, but it raised important questions about balancing executive authority and preserving civil liberties. The intervention emphasized the need to define regulations clearly when granting extraordinary powers during crises. It highlighted the need for solid checks and balances lest power be abused so that all government actions would remain within constitutional principles. In addition, the example of the WPB underlined how well-defined mechanisms for returning things to normal would be needed after a crisis. These mechanisms are essential to prevent the long-term erosion of civil liberties, and it is most important that emergency measures are not permanent. Contemporary debates about the delicate balance between executive power and civil liberties regarding modern homeland security show how much these lessons have remained relevant. Page 7 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 7 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

6 IV. Executive Order 9066: Government Responses and Impact on Civil Liberties The most controversial part of President Roosevelt's order 9066 for the execution of all persons with Japanese ancestry, signed in February of 1942, probably remains a World War II-era political policy that still stirs up controversy today. By comparison, the effect on civil rights cannot be talked of. The policy's controversial content is reflected in Supreme Court cases like Korenatsu v. United States (1944), which ruled that internment was legal (Greco, 2020). However, subsequent generations have severely criticized this decision for many reasons; among other things, it appears to sanction breaches of modern civil liberties, which we now consider severe abuse. Beyond this, it also demonstrates the vigor of solid restrictions on abuses by executive power. The fine line between national security and the protection of human rights cropped up as well here in modern arguments about homeland security problems, even the authority of a president to suspend civil liberties. V. Lessons for Modern Homeland Security Balancing national security concerns against civil liberties is challenging. The balance requires delicate and smooth action. Any exception should be strict and require legal review. These steps are appropriate to the current emergency; naturally, they must be drawn only a little. Otherwise, other freedoms will also become casualties, and people's anti-terror sentiments will only intensify (Friedman, 2021). Therefore, the participation of judicial supervision represents a vital safeguard: What it gets in terms of security dovetails with requirements and restrictions. It attaches great importance to preserving democratic principles. It knows that although it provides a higher level of security, this rests on an enormous base of fairness and publication (Friedman, 2021). Thus, the need to keep this precarious balance is a continual reminder that national security must not be sacrificed for such freedoms so precious in states of democracy. It is one Page 8 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 8 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

7 way societies can untie the knots caused by security problems while refusing to give up civil liberties and democratic government. Additionally, transparency and accountability are essential due to the narrow separation between national security and civil liberties. Foundation-stone In terms of transparency, the way things are should be straightforward to perceive by only looking at it. However, accountability is also a form of protection. It also holds those with special powers accountable for what they do. Setting up a responsible supervision system is one step that must be taken. Under such a system, power would not be able to run wild without rein, nor would authority go off track with abuse. Further, emergency measures must constantly be re-assessed. It is a constantly rolling process of assessment that laughs at changing circumstances and keeps countermeasures proportional to the threat level. Retrospectively, from the standpoint of history, If it is a question of upholding rule, we must do whatever is necessary. History is indeed a teacher (Friedman, 2021). Even in this kind of disaster, nothing is better than legal norms and democratic principles. It does not matter how societies live by these precepts; they will undoubtedly face tests. However, you cannot abandon the principles that make democracies democratic to pass them. VI. Conclusion The scrutiny given to government activities in the crucible of WWII, second only to that applied by Abraham Lincoln during his presidency, unquestionably remains one pillar that must be built as we attempt to extend national salvation demands and protect civil liberties. The wartime chapters written by the War Production Board and Executive Order 9066 reveal much about human dilemmas in situations of heightened danger. Exposing us to these trials, errors are made in striving to secure our safety. At the same time, Executive Order 9066 starkly points out the potent dangers inherent when power not provided by law falls ultimately into executive Page 9 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 9 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

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8 hands, witnessed vividly through the courtship of Japanese Americans. Historical reflections like these go beyond simple retrospection to become a forward-looking guide for policymakers in the modern era as they struggle to build homeland security frameworks. They can devise policies that are selective and subtle in preserving national security considerations and individual liberties; these safeguard a secure structure of order for today and tomorrow's development era. Page 10 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 10 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

9 References Bottelier, Th. W. (2020). “Not on a purely nationalistic basis”: the internationalism of Allied coalition warfare in the Second World War. European Review of History: Revue Europée nne D’histoire , 27 (1-2), 152 – 175. https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2019.1705251 Friedman, F. (2021, November 10). World War II . Brill.com; Brill. https://brill.com/display/book/9789004471054/BP000006.xml?alreadyAuthRedirecting Greco, A. N. (2020). Franklin D. Roosevelt’s domestic policies, executive orders, and the home front during World War II. The Marketing of World War II in the U.S., 1939-1946 , 13 – 30. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39519-3_2 Heath, J. B. (2019, March 27). The New National Security Challenge to the Economic Order . Papers.ssrn.com. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3361107 Tauber, S., & Banks, C. P. (2019). Civil rights and liberties with national security. International Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism , 451 – 471. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10- 4181-5_24 Page 11 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031 Page 11 of 11 - AI Writing Submission Submission ID trn:oid:::1:2791936031

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