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School
University of Guelph-Humber *
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Course
4030
Subject
Health Science
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
2
Uploaded by MegaTeam3751
KIN4030
2023
Assignment 2
Name: Hassan T Student #: 1214975
1.
Describe Hick’s law and provide an example of how it could be applied in a sport or
clinical situation (Do not use the self-defense example shown in class) (4 point)
Hicks law can be described as a psychological association between the number of options a
person is presented in a moment of time and the time it takes for the person to decide on what
option to follow through with. Insinuating that the results will be linearly related to the amount
of information that must be absorbed and the time required to act on the choices. For instance, in
the sport setting of a basketball game. When the team is down and there is only 5 seconds left in
the game, so the only way to win is to score a buzzer beater. The ball is in the star player’s hand
and there are numerous amounts of options. The player thinks about many choices in that
moment, to drive in and pass the ball to the open teammate, to risk the 1v1, to run a play, etc.
Since there is only 5 seconds left in the game the player must decide quick and react to the
opposition’s defense as well. The greater number of options equals the greater amount of time it
will take the player to decide on what the best course of action is. Hick’s Law can be applied in
this setting by the coaches to emphasize the importance of practicing and executing quick and
high-pressure decision making.
2.
Describe the tDCS experiment covered in class and discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of using this method (4 point).
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non- invasive method of brain stimulation by
using electrodes on the scalp and applying low electrical currents that result in temporary
alterations of neural activity. This can be done by using positive anodal or negative cathodal
stimulation. In the experiment discussed in class the positive anodal stimulation was applied for
20 minutes and its effects were surveyed for 40 minutes. The results of the experiment found that
the brain activity was increased in the specific area the positive anodal was applied, and the
negative cathodal stimulation decreased the brain activity.
Some advantages of tDCS experimentation are that it is non- invasive compared to other brain
stimulation techniques such as TMS. Furthermore, tDCS has been shown to modulate neural
activity so it could have a potential benefit in the therapeutic and psychiatric conditions. On the
other hand, some disadvantages of tDCS experimentation are that the effects of tDCS
experimentation have shown to be temporary. Although, some studies have shown positives, the
neural mechanisms of action are not fully understood yet so there is a risk of the unknown.
Additionally, tDCS can be seen as limited since it can’t affect precise areas.
3.
Describe the difference between episodic memory and procedural memory (including
which area of the brain is involved) (2 point).
One of the differences between episodic memory and procedural memory is in the areas of the
brain that are involved. The area of the brain that is involved in episodic memory is the
hippocampus, and the area of the brain that is involved in procedural memory is the basal ganglia
KIN4030
2023
cerebral pathway. Moreover, another difference is that episodic memory can be described as a
declarative memory of personal events, experiences, memory of previous emotions or details
associated with a particular event. On the other hand, procedural memory can be described as a
recalling of how to do things, a memory of our learning and execution of skills such as motor
and cognitive tasks. Therefore, episodic can be said to be our memory bank of specific events
while procedural can be said to be our bank of all the learning and execution of skills and habits.
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