Module 1 Homwork
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School
Unity College *
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Course
PSS
Subject
Health Science
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
10
Uploaded by ConstableEchidna9424
Siobahn Surette
Module 1 Homework
1. Define acute care
Short term care for an individual who needs extensive medical care. This is an inpatient medical care for
patients who have experienced serious illness or trauma. An example of acute care would be an
emergency surgery or delivery of a baby.
2. Define LTC (Long Term Care) and give an example
A variety of services provided to meet the personal care of an individual. These services are not defined
as medical care, but assistance to meet basic everyday tasks. Examples of long term care would be
bathing and dressing a patient.
What is included in the ADL's (Activities of Daily Living)? Define each ADL.
Activities of daily living is the basic range of activities people need to be able to do in order to take care
of themselves. Sometimes people need assistance in doing these everyday tasks in a long term care
setting. The six main ADLs are bathing, dressing, toileting, continence, transferring and eating.
4. What is the difference between self care, (LTC) Long Term Care, and Residential Care? Give
examples of each.
Self care is when a person does ADLs daily themselves while long term is when a person needs assistance
doing these ADLs. Residential care is assistance with these ADLs, but not provide skilled care services
beyond that. Long term care would be able to assist with extra services, such as wound care or medical
management. An example of self care is bathing and dressing oneself without the need for assistance. An
example of long term care is managing medications for a person because they are unable to do so
themselves. An example of residential care is an assisted living facility.
5. What are the different departments at the state level accountable for? Define each
DHHS (Department of Health and Human Services) provides the rules that care facilities must follow to
be able to care for residents and receive money.
BEAS (
Bureau of Elderly and Adult Services
) provides adult protective services to those who need it.
APS (Adult Protective Services) investigates allegations of neglect, exploitation and/or abuse.
6. Who pays for the client's services in home care? Give examples of different funding sources.
Medicaid or family pays for the client’s services in home care. More often, people use Medicaid to pay
for in-home care. Examples of different funding sources are : MaineCare, VA, private long-term
insurance, state funded programs.
7. What is the Golden Rule? How should it be used in consumer care?
Treating those how you would want to be treated is the golden rule.This means taking care of the
consumer how you would want to be taken care of if you were in their position. This is very important
because those that you take care of are people and deserve respect and dignity, just like you.
8. What is "person-centered"? Give an example
Focusing on the needs and interests of the consumer. An example is asking the resident what they want or
need and taking your time to work with them, not just doing “what you have to”. Being involved during
the ADLs.
9. What is the rule of the PSS Certification as to going on for your C.N.A. certification?
Some of the hours that you spend attending the PSS program can be applied toward your CNA program.
This works only if you begin your CNA program within 2 years of doing your PSS program. This can
help you a lot while you take your CNA program because it’ll help cut down some of the hours you need
to do.
10. What is the difference between CRMA'S AND C.N.A.-M’s?
CRMA is a person trained to handle and administer medications safely and properly. CNA-M must pass a
120-hour medication course in order to be able to handle and administer medications to consumers 4
years or older. CRMA is usually the more basic 40-hour class you take in order to pass medication in a
facility.
Siobahn Surette
Module 2 Homework
1. Describe employee Rights and responsibilities?
Responsibilities are what the employee is expected to do. Rights are what an employee is entitled to, such
as the right to proper working conditions. Everybody who works has rights and responsibilities of the job.
2. Describe Time Management? What order would you do the following activities in dressing.
feeding, MD appt?
Time management is prioritizing your duties so that the consumer is served in a timely fashion according
to their needs. This means organizing your time in your shift and putting important tasks ahead of ones
that can be done at any point. I would do the following activities in this order : dress, feed, MD
appointment.
3. Explain what professional boundaries are?
Don’t do anything for a consumer that you wouldn’t do for another. Be clear about your job. Stick to your
job description and do not get too social/personal with coworkers or consumers.
4. How do you cut down on burnout? What are the signs of burnout?
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Signs are emotional exhaustion, low energy, fatigue, irritability, difficulty focusing, thinking or
concentrating, loss of interest or pleasure, depersonalization of the consumer. How to cut down on
burnout is by self care (taking care of your needs first), exercising, getting plenty of sleep, eating well and
avoiding stressors. It is very important to make time everyday to clear your mind and relieve yourself of
stressors in order to prevent burnout.
5. Give 4 examples of improper working boundaries, make these answers your own thoughts.
Gift giving to some but not all coworkers/consumers. Asking too many/too personal questions. Giving
consumers your personal and private contact information.
6. If a client lives in a household with several family members, describe what areas a PSS would
service. What would be inappropriate?
Provide services that are clearly laid out in the consumer’s personal care plan. It would be inappropriate
to provide services outside of a consumer’s care plan without speaking to your supervisor. Anytime a
consumer or a family member asks you to do a service outside of the care plan you should talk to your
supervisor.
Siobahn Surette
Module 3 Homework
1. Define negligence and give several examples
Not toileting a resident who is clearly wet. Marking off shower given to a resident who you did not
shower. Helping a resident up from a fall and then not reporting it or letting oncoming staff know of the
fall.
2. If you had a choice, who’s safety always comes first? You or the consumer and explain your
answer.
My safety always comes first because putting myself in harm’s way for someone who is ill or injured
would only worsen the situation. The client’ safety immediately comes after mine. The idea is to maintain
everyone’s safety at all times.
3. Give an example of what you consider would need to be reported under the laws of Mandatory
Reporting and why?
When you suspect there is any possibility of your client being neglected or abused. This means anything
small, like suspicious bruising on a resident, to something bigger, like the resident making a statement
that they feel they are being neglected or abused. You often have to be on the lookout, since resident’s
don’t often say when they are being hurt.
4. What does APS refer to and what is their purpose?
Adult Protective Services investigates any reports of abuse, neglect or exploitation. Anytime a report is
filed, APS will investigate the claim thoroughly. APS is very important in the healthcare profession.
5. Under your company policy, who do you report any suspicion or verbalization of Abuse, Neglect
or Exploitation?
Immediately alert your supervisor and the Department of Health and Human Resources if you have any
suspicions. If a resident appears to have been physically or verbally abused by staff or family it is
important to report to your supervisor quickly. You don’t want any form of abuse happening longer than it
already has.
6. If your care plan requires you to turn the consumer in bed every two hours and you don’t, what
legal aspect of care could happen? Why is it important to follow the care plan?
This is considered neglect and could be seen as a fireable offense. To maintain regularity in a resident’s
life and to make sure that the resident receives the full care and treatment that is necessary to keep a
healthy and happy life while under care. This also reduces the risk of neglect and/or abuse.
7. What is an Advance Directive and how does a client make one?
It provides a plan for medical care for a person when they can no longer communicate their own wishes.
You can ask your doctor and they will give you the proper forms to fill out to make an advanced directive.
Advanced directives must always be followed.
8. What 3 things could an Advance Directive include? Is it important for you to know what an
Advance Directive means?
The living will, Medical Power of Attorney, DNR. It is very important for staff to know what an advanced
directive is so that they can follow the client’s specific instructions on their personal and medical care. An
advanced directive should always be followed.
9. What would you do if a resident refuses to take a bath and is dirty? How could you approach this
differently if a client repeatedly refuses and important ADL?
I would give the client a few minutes to settle and then ask a second time. Maybe, before asking a second
time, I would offer to do a small and quick activity for the resident to do so it takes their mind off of the
duty of a shower. If a resident refuses multiple times, I would give them space and offer to do an activity
or ADL that I know they enjoy doing and then go back to the ADL they had kept refusing a little later.
This gives them time to settle down and change their mind. Also, if they’re in a better mood they will be
more likely to be willing to do that ADL.
10. Define the following:
What is Abuse?
Inflicting physical injury, confinement or intimidation
What is Negligence?
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Depriving one of their essential needs or failing to provide proper care
What is Exploitation?
The illegal use of an incapacitated person for one’s profit or advantage
11. What are the rights and responsibilities of the guardian? When should a guardian be notified
about the clients condition?
The guardian is not legally or financially responsible for the client. The guardian is expected to ensure
proper care and protection for the client and their property. Immediately a guardian should be notified of a
client’s condition.
Siobahn Surette
Module 4 Homework
1. What would be a barrier to communication?
Speech difficulties would be a barrier to communication. Another barrier would be hearing impairment.
Sometimes body language can also be a big barrier.
2. How would you communicate with at resident who is hard of hearing?
Speaking louder is the simplest choice, but another possible way to communicate with someone who is
hard of hearing is writing down what you would like to say to them and communicating through paper.
You can also face the resident directly so they can see your mouth clearly. Speaking clearly and slowly
can also be affective.
3. What is the most important skill used by all health care and human service workers?
Communication is the most important skill. You need to be able to clearly and effectively communicate
everything that has happened on your shift with on coming staff so they are properly prepared for their
shift. You also can communicate with the residents so they have an easier understanding of their
expectations for each day.
4. What does effective listening require?
Facial expressions, eye contact, body position and nonverbal gestures. With all of these, you can clearly
show who you are communicating with that you are actively listening to and hearing what they have to
say. Combined, you can appear to be a very active listener which is sometimes just as important to a
person as your reply. People need to feel heard and when you show them you’re listening it helps
wonders.
5. What does active listening mean?
Hearing and responding to both the content and the feelings of who is talking and what is being said. This
means, not just hearing what the person is saying but feeling how they feel when they are saying it.
Understanding how they feel and their perspective is very important.
6. What does nonverbal communication tell us?
Sometimes what someone says isn’t always what they mean. For example, if you’re touching a client on
the shoulder and they say they are fine with that but their body stiffened when you touched them and they
moved slightly away from you. You can tell by their body language that they are most likely
uncomfortable by the touch.
7. What is an example of stereotype?
City people are smarter than country people. This groups all country people into one group and shows
them in a negative light. This also makes city people out to be smart, when some might not be as bright as
others. All people are different and should not be lumped into a group.
Siobahn Surette
Module 5 Homework
1.What are some observations that should be reported to your supervisor?
Vitals
Weight gain or loss
Appetite changes
Mood changes
2. What is the right way to correct an error on your residents record?
Never attempt to erase, "white out", or scribble over an entry. Draw a line through errors and initial them.
Then, add the new information.
3. What is subjective observation?
Statements or complaints made by the client about issues or symptoms only the client can describe. This
is something such as a client saying they had a fall earlier in the day that nobody else saw. You do not
know for a fact that they had a fall and therefore cannot make the statement in a report that they actually
fell. Instead, you must state that the resident said they had a fall with no witnesses.
4. What is objective observation?
A factual observation made by using all your senses, such as taking a client’s weight or temperature.
These are things that you can actively see and cannot form an opinion on. This is what the client’
temperature is and that is an observed fact.
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5. In order to legally give any information about a resident, what needs to be in place?
The client or guardian’s permission must be obtained. You cannot provide anybody with information
about the client without written permission. This includes other family members or friends asking about
the client.
6. Who can get resident information without written permission if they are not the resident or
guardian?
The staff that are actively working or state inspectors on official business. No staff that is not working at
the time needs to be informed of any clients, especially over text or call. Anybody else would have to be
given specific authorization from the client or the client’s permission.