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School
University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC) *
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Course
100
Subject
Geology
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by DukePowerJellyfish29
Explain how geology incorporates the other sciences, and how it
is different from the other sciences
Geology requires a level of understanding of most all other
sciences to get the big picture. But the breadth of time that
geology encompasses far exceeds that of any other science.
Discuss why we study the Earth and what type of work geologists
do
We study Earth to understand what has happened to cause
things to be the way they are and what may happen in the future
as well as any impacts we may be having on it. Geologist do this
in several ways including volcanic and tectonic research,
resource location and sustainability, and how climate is changing.
Define some of the properties of a mineral and explain the
differences between minerals and rocks
A Rock is formed of two or more minerals, minerals being formed
of elements in the form of a lattice. Minerals will have a repeating
structure of the same element to form that lattice shape.
Describe the nature of atoms and their constituents, particularly
the behavior of electrons and the formation of ions
In the case of Halite, it is made of Na+ (sodium ion) and Cl-
(chloride ion) bonding together because of their positive and
negative charge that attracts them together forming an ionic
bond.
Apply your understanding of atoms to explain bonding within
minerals
Similar to how I answered the last question, atoms can form
several types of bonds (ionic forming the bulk of them in
minerals) that will bind them together in 3-D structures to form
minerals.
Describe mineral lattices and explain how they influence mineral
properties
Depending on the element that the mineral is made of the lattice
can be a wildly different shape but still have the repeating
structure. This cause give it very different properties depending
on how it is arranged making it have different gravity, hardness
shape, etc.
Categorize minerals into groups based on their compositions
Elements, Sulfides, Sulfates, Halides, Oxides, Carbonates,
Phosphates, Silicates, and Organic Minerals.
Describe a silica tetrahedron and the ways in which tetrahedra
combine to make silicate minerals
Silica tetrahedron is a four-sided, pyramid shaped structure made
up of one silicon atom and four oxygen atoms with the silicon atom
being at the center and an oxygen atom at each of its corners.
Differentiate between ferromagnesian and other silicate minerals
Ferromagnesian silicate is rich in iron and magnesium where
non-ferromagnesian silicate minerals lack iron and magnesium
but high in aluminum and potassium.
Explain some of the mechanisms of mineral formation
Different elements require different conditions to be met to form
but a lot of factors involve temperature, pressure, pH level of
water, and what kind of air if any if available to it. Different
conditions and the presence of the right elements all need to be
met in order to form minerals. Even if all the conditions are met
you still will be waiting along time for the process to occur.
Describe some of the important properties for identifying minerals
There are several properties to look at when identifying minerals.
Some that I found interesting are hardness, crystal habit,
cleavage/fracture. Hardness is measured using the Mohs hardness
scale of 1-10, 1 being soft like Talc and 10 being a diamond. Crystal
habit is used by knowing how certain minerals will form crystals and
what shape and how many sides it will have. Cleavage and fracture is
how something breaks either along a specific plane or in the case of
fracture an irregular break.
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