Lab3_Brady
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Apr 3, 2024
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Name __
Emma Brady
______ Lab 3: Rock Classification and Identification
ES 111 Introduction to Earth Science Laboratory
______________________________________________________________________________
Instructions
– To complete this lab you need to use the Lab 2: Part I PDF
from
last week’s lab exercise
. Lab 3 is a continuation of last week’s work with rocks
, but here you will classify
and identify
rocks using their textures, mineralogical content, etc. Feel free to expand the images so you can see them larger and in more detail. Look very closely at their texture, structure, etc. Please be specific, descriptive, and detailed in your answers. Each question is worth two
points. Type your answers in a colored text (your choice) to help me quickly see and grade your answers. *For scale, assume that all
rock samples shown can easily fit in your hand. Igneous Rocks
1.
What is the name of the texture
displayed by the following igneous rock? Is this rock intrusive
or extrusive
, and how do you know this? The texture of this extrusive igneous rock is vesicular. I know this because there are many small holes on the rock showing where air or gas bubbles were during the cooling process of this rock. I know it’s small holes and not crystals because there is no second color to the rock.
2.
What is the correct chemical composition term
for the igneous rock shown below? What is the texture
of this rock? Is this rock intrusive
or extrusive
, and how do you know this?
The texture of this rock is aphanitic. I know this because of the smooth surface it has, and you can’t see any individual grains. This means it had a very fast cooling process and was near the Earth’s surface. 3.
What is the chemical composition term
for the igneous rock shown in the photo below? Is this rock intrusive
or extrusive
, and how do you know this?
The chemical composition term to describe this rock is phaneritic. It is an igneous rock with visible crystals that are all around the same size and a coarse surface. This texture indicates that there was a slow cooling process that was underneath the Earth’s surface. Knowing that it was under the Earth’s surface I can conclude it is an intrusive rock. 4.
What is the name of the texture
displayed by the following igneous rock? What is the correct chemical composition term
for the igneous rock shown below?
This rock is pegmatitic. I can tell because it has large crystals and they range in size. It also has a smooth surface which means it was also rich in magma and it dissolved in water when the rock was cooling below the Earth’s surface. Sedimentary Rocks
5.
To which sedimentary group
does the rock shown here belong? How did you determine this (meaning what is the evidence
for this classification)? This sedimentary rock belongs to the biogenic group. I know this because it doesn’t fit in with the other groups of sedimentary rocks. It could contain fossil remains from the texture it has. 6.
To which sedimentary group
does the rock shown below belong? How did you determine this (what is the evidence
for this classification)? How does this group of sedimentary rocks form
?
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This rock belongs in the detrital group under coarse-grained. It is also poorly sorted because you can see that there is more than one-grain size present in the rock. These types of rocks form by the accumulation of parent rocks and other fragments weathering. They are moved around by wind, water, ice, and whether together. 7.
The sedimentary rock shown below is a sample of coal
. To which sedimentary group
does this rock belong? How does this group of sedimentary rocks form
?
Coal is a part of the chemical sedimentary group. Chemical rocks are minerals that are produced by the precipitation from freshwater and are concentrated by evaporation. 8.
The sedimentary rock shown below is a sample of rock salt
, which we have learned is considered an evaporite
. To which sedimentary group
does this rock belong? How does this group of sedimentary rocks form
?
Rock salt is in the chemical group. I know this because rock salt is considered an evaporite and chemical rocks are formed by the evaporation of freshwater. Metamorphic Rocks
9.
The metamorphic rock shown in the image below is a sample of banded gneiss
.
Is this rock foliated? If so, what kind of foliation does this particular rock have? What is the parent
rock of this particular metamorphic rock?
This rock is a gneissic foliation. It has layers of minerals that are alternating and appear banded. The parent rock of banded gneiss is Granite, shale, or volcanic rocks. 10. The metamorphic rock shown in the image below is a type of marble
. Is this rock foliated? If so, what kind of foliation does this particular rock have? What is the parent
rock of this metamorphic rock? (Disregard the number on the rock.)
Marble is a non-foliated rock. The parent rock of marble is limestone or dolostone.
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