Assignment 3_Volcanoes
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School
Utah Valley University *
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Course
1010
Subject
Geology
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
docx
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9
Uploaded by MinisterJellyfish19486
Name: Chandler Yen
Geology 1010
Assignment 3
Volcanoes
Instructions:
1)
Answer the eight
questions below about volcanoes. 2)
Don’t be scared of how long this assignment looks.
3)
Hints will be provided in green italicized
text.
4)
Take your time and have fun!
Goals:
1)
Be able to identify the major types of volcanoes.
2)
Navigate Google Earth to locate geologic features.
Background Information:
Volcano shape is strongly controlled by eruptive style, which in turn is controlled by magma composition
and tectonic setting. This assignment is intended to give you the opportunity to examine volcanoes from
around the globe, and to interpret the tectonic settings in which they form. We will be looking at 6 volcanoes from around the world and 2 volcanoes from Utah.
Practice Using Google Earth:
Before we start, let’s practice using Google Earth. If you do not already have Google Earth, you can download it here: https://www.google.com/earth/versions/
(
scroll down to the bottom to download the full program to your computer
)
You will need to change the default settings for elevation from feet to meters. You can do this by clicking
on “Tools”, “Options”, and change the setting under “Units of Measurement”.
To measure the height and base of a volcano, simply mouse over the area you want to measure and look
in the bottom right corner of the program to see the elevation.
Use the Ruler Tool at the top center of the program when measuring the width of the volcanoes. Make sure you are in meters.
To move to a location with given coordinates, simple type them into the search box in the upper left corner of the program. Practice by typing in 42.94 -122.15
(You should be at Wizard Island)
Use the Navigation controls in the upper right corner of the program to change angles and zoom in and out. If you need to get back to normal, press “
R
” to reset to north and top down view.
Questions:
1)
Navigate to Descabeza
(you can go directly there by typing in the coordinates in the search bar at the upper left side of the screen -35.58, -70.75
).
a)
Describe the size and shape of the volcano by filling in the spaces, below:
Really big crater, maybe caldera, seems steep
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano above sea level: _________3930__________ meters.
Base elevation of the volcano: ______2630________ meters.
Relief (maximum elevation – base elevation) = __________1300___________meters total height.
Base width: _________5756____________ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):__45_____%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Descabeza.
Stratovolcano
c)
Describe the likely composition (mafic, intermediate, felsic) of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
Probably more felsic, the volcano is very steep and would be pointy if it were intact.
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted by each hazard?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Describe the likely tectonic setting of the volcanoes of the Andes Mountains (crust types and relative motion). Hint: is there a deep ocean trench to the west of the mountains?
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
2)
Navigate to Mt. St. Helens
(
46.1958, - 122.1821
) in southern Washington, USA. a)
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano above sea level: ___________________________ meters.
Base elevation of the volcano: _____________________________ meters.
Relief (maximum – base elevation) = _____________________meters total height.
Base width: _____________________ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):_____%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Mt. St. Helens:
c)
Describe the likely composition of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted by each hazard?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Are there any other volcanoes nearby? Describe the likely tectonic setting of the volcanoes of the Cascade Range. Support your answer with observations on the major tectonic landforms of the region.
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
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3)
Navigate to Mauna Loa
on the BIG island of Hawaii (central Pacific Ocean) (
19.4715, -155.59039
).
a)
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano: ___________________________ meters above sea level.
Base elevation of the volcano: _____________________________ meters above sea level.
Relief (maximum – base elevation) = _____________________meters, total height.
Base width: _____________________ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):_____%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Mauna Loa.
c)
Describe the likely composition of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Describe the likely tectonic setting of the Hawaiian Islands. (
Hint: think back to the lecture and readings
). Support your answer with observations on the major tectonic landforms of the region.
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
4)
Navigate to Mt. Fujiyama
, Japan (
35.364, 138.731
).
a)
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano: ____3750_____ meters above sea level.
Base elevation of the volcano: ________2580__________ meters above sea level.
Relief (maximum – base elevation) = _______1170________meters, total height.
Base width: ______7492_______ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):__31___%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Mt. Fujiyama
Steep slopes, stratosphere
c)
Describe the likely composition of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
Felsic volcano
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Describe the likely tectonic setting of the volcanoes in Japanese region. Support your answer with observations on the major tectonic landforms of the region.
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
5)
Navigate to Mt. Alayta
, Ethiopia (
12.887, 40.573
).
a)
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano: ___________________________ meters above sea level.
Base elevation of the volcano: _____________________________ meters above sea level.
Relief (maximum – base elevation) = _____________________meters, total height.
Base width: _____________________ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):_____%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Mt. Alayta.
c)
Describe the likely composition of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Describe the likely tectonic setting of the volcanoes in the region (crust type and motion). Support your answer with observations on the major tectonic landforms of the region.
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
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6)
Navigate to Aniakchack
, Alaska (
56.901, -158.142
).
a)
Maximum height (elevation) of the volcano: ___________________________ meters above sea level.
Base elevation of the volcano: _____________________________ meters above sea level.
Relief (maximum – base elevation) = _____________________meters, total height.
Base width: _____________________ meters. Average slope of volcano ((relief ÷ ½width)*100%):_____%
b)
Sketch and describe the overall shape of Aniakchack.
c)
Describe the likely composition of this volcano, based on your observations. Explain your answer.
d)
Describe the major geologic hazards associated with this volcano. What do the deposits look like for each hazard, and what specific areas of the landscape are most impacted?
e)
Zoom out and examine the region. Describe the likely tectonic setting of the volcanoes in the region (crust type and motion). Support your answer with observations on the major tectonic landforms of the region.
f)
After the lecture on volcanoes, speculate on the volcano type, based on size, shape, and composition.
7)
Summarize volcano type/composition relationships.
Go back to your answer for question ‘f’ for each volcano examined in lab, and make sure you have a good answer! Then use your observations and interpretations to complete the following statements and questions. Use Tables 1-3 for appropriate terms.
a)
Shield volcanoes usually have a_____________ shape, _________slope, and a _____________composition. The most common hazard(s) are: Shield volcanoes commonly form in these tectonic settings:
b)
Composite volcanoes usually have a_____________ shape, _________slope, and a ___________composition. The most common hazard(s) are: The most common tectonic setting of composite volcanoes is at: ___________________boundaries. c)
Caldera volcanoes usually have a_____________ shape, _________slope, and a _____________composition. The most common hazard(s) are: Caldera volcanoes commonly form in these tectonic settings:
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Shapes:
Slopes:
Compositions:
Wide Dome
Low (0-10%)
Mafic
Steep Cone
Moderate (11-20%)
Intermediate – Felsic
Open crater with raised rim
Steep (>20%)
Felsic
8)
Answer the following about these two Utah volcanoes.
Go to 38.908 -112.534
a)
What type of volcano is this? b)
Zoom out a little, what are the holes that are surrounding the volcano?
c)
Zoom out a little more until you can see the volcano north of this one. Why are the two volcanoes different colors?
Go to 37.257 -113.625
d)
What type of volcano is this?
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