HW5(1)
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Dec 6, 2023
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PHY-120
Assignment 5
1.
What differences did Grove K. Gilbert note between volcanic craters on Earth and lunar craters?
Grove K. Gilbert found that Earth volcanoes have small, deep craters on the top of mountains, whereas
lunar craters are larger, have different shapes than volcanic craters and they are mountain-rimmed and
circular with floors generally below the level of the surrounding plains.
2.
Explain how high-speed impacts form circular craters. How can this explanation account for the
various characteristic features of impact craters?
On impact it excavates the materials in such a way that it forms a circular shape through the post-impact
shockwaves.
3.
Why is Mars Red?
What is the theory about the origin of Mar’s moons?
Mars is red because of all the iron in it and iron tends to oxidize and turn a reddish color. The moons of
Mars may have started with a huge collision with a protoplanet one third the mass of Mars that formed
a ring around Mars. The inner part of the ring formed a large moon. Gravitational interactions between
this moon and the outer ring formed Phobos and Deimos.
4.
What is the hypothesis of origin of the Moon?
The hypothesis is the Moon formed during a collision between the Earth and another small planet, about
the size of the planet Mars. The debris from this impact collected in an orbit around Earth to form the
Moon.
5.
Outline the main events in the Moon’s geological history.
1.
Accretion of material ejected from Earth after a massive collision
2.
Intense meteoritic bombardment
3.
Extrusion of the mare lava
4.
Light bombardment
6.
How long is a day on Mercury? Explain how the Sun is viewed from Mercury from Sunrise to Sunset.
On Mercury a day lasts 1,408 hours. The morning Sun appears to rise briefly, set, and rise again from
some parts of the planet's surface. The same thing happens in reverse at sunset for other parts of the
surface.
7.
Visit the following NASA’s website and answer the questions below:
https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/
a.
Why are we going to the Moon?
We’re going back to the Moon for scientific discovery, economic benefits, and inspiration for a
new generation of explorers.
b.
What is the name of the spacecraft that will carry crew to the Moon?
The Orion
c.
When was the first launch? Was it successful?
The fisrt launch was on December 4
th
2015 and yes it was successful.
8.
Explore the NASA Mars Website and answer questions below:
https://mars.nasa.gov/
a.
What are four goals of the Mars Exploration?
1.
Determine if life ever arose on Mars
2.
Characterize the climate of mars
3.
Characterize the geology of mars
4.
Prepare for human exploration of Mars
b.
What gasses is Mars’ atmosphere composed of?
Mars is composed of 95% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen and 1.6% argon.
c.
What was magnitude 4 marsquake caused by?
They are caused by meteoroid impact.
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