Copy of Lab 12 Frac Sand
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School
University of Wisconsin, Madison *
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Course
106
Subject
Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
3
Uploaded by HighnessOryxPerson969
GEOSCI/ENVIR ST-106: Environmental Geology
Lab 12: Mining in Wisconsin - Frac Sand
Assignment Overview:
In this lab, you will watch a video describing the mining of frac sand in
Wisconsin and answer questions related to this resource extraction & use
Submission:
To submit the assignment on Canvas, use the following steps:
1.
In Google Docs, generate a PDF: File → Download as → PDF Document
2.
In Google Docs, use Share → Get Shareable Link, and copy the link address
3.
In Canvas, upload your PDF to the assignment, and paste the link address to your
Google Doc in the assignment comments.
1
Assignment Questions and Responses
Instructions:
Fill out each red highlighted field (_________)
Watch the
Frac Sand lecture by Jay Zambito (WGNHS)
, and complete the following questions.
1.
Name 3 uses for non-metallic mining. (3 points)
___Foundry molds, glass making, and water filtration. ______
2.
Industrial sand mining has been occurring in Wisconsin for over 100 years. What has
changed about it recently? (1 point)
___Sandmines now are much larger and the mines are a lot closer together, high rate of mineral
extractions regionally, and many new proposals for mine sites and processing plants. ______
3.
Is hydraulic fracturing occurring in Wisconsin? Describe. (1 point)
___No because Wisconsin doesn't have any economical gas or oil deposits only sand and that
sand is used in fracking in other places around the country.______
4.
How is frac sand used in hydraulic fracturing? (1 point)
___The sand is mixed with water and injected into the ground into the reservoir. The rock is
fractured and sand gets in between the cracks and when the pressure is released the sand
stays behind and props open the cracks. ______
5.
What was the depositional environment in Wisconsin during the time that sandstones
mined for frac sand were deposited? (1 point)
___500 million years ago Wisconsin was underwater or a beach environment, and had
deserts______
6.
What characteristics make a good frac sand? Name at least 2 characteristics (2 points)
____round, spherical, poorly cemented, high-crush strength _____
7.
What does the DNR regulate at frac sand operations (give 1 example)? What do counties
regulate (give 1 example)? (2 point)
____The DNR regulates surface water impacts and counties regulate the reclamation
plans._____
2
8.
Would you consider frac sand as a soil resource or a mineral resource? Briefly, why? (1
point)
____I would consider it a soil resource because sand itself is a sediment but it contains minerals
like quartz. _____
9.
Consider the discussion of the water usage by industrial frac sand miners as well as other
users in the state. How does this usage compare to other users, such as municipal water
supplies and agricultural users? (1 point)
____Industrial sand mining uses about the same water as municipal water supplies but only 10
months out of the year, not year round. Irrigated agriculture uses a lot less water per well and it
is only used 5 months out of the whole year, but they use 31 wells while mining only uses 5. A
lot of the water used in mines is recycled _____
3
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