Module 02 Plate Tectonic Lab

Name _______________ GOL 105: Physical Geology Plate Tectonics Lab (2020 revision) Maps to use: This Dynamic Planet (USGS publications) - http://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2800/ A Global Map/Atlas – The National Geographic Map below can be used or an equivalent one that includes geographic and sea floor features. https://mapmaker.nationalgeographic.org/#/ Please save this document on your computer with a file name including your name before entering your answers into the tables provided, then save your copy & submit it via Canvas. Directions: Please identify several examples of each of the following plate tectonic settings using the maps referenced above. Please read the legend at the bottom of the This Dynamic Planet Map which explains the symbols used on the map. For each example, provide a geographic name for the setting ( e.g ., the Andes Mountains, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, etc .) and identify the tectonic plate(s) that are involved. The plate names are identified on the This Dynamic Planet Map. The This Dynamic Planet Map does not provide the names of associated geologic features. To find these you will need to use an atlas. Several geographic atlases can be found online (The link above is for the global atlas from National Geographic), or you can use one that you may have access to at your home. Be sure you find an atlas that contains the geographic names of the ocean floor features in addition to the geographic names of land features. Some features may have more than one geographic feature associated with them. For instance, an ocean- continent convergent boundary can be identified by the deep-sea trench or by the continental volcanic arc. You will only need to identify each setting with one prominent geographic feature, but listing more than one will be useful for you. Finally, list the general geologic phenomena or features that are typically associated with each type of plate tectonic features. These can include the following: ● small shallow earthquakes ● large deep earthquakes ● volcanoes (volcanic island arcs, continental volcanic arcs, or hot spot volcanic tracks) ● deep sea trenches ● oceanic ridges (spreading centers) ● continental mountain ranges (non-volcanic) Don’t list specific place names or landscape features (like “Mount St. Helens”) – the goal here is to see what all the examples of this particular type of boundary have in common (like “deep earthquakes, volcanic island arcs, and deep sea trenches”).

Divergent Boundaries: Identify five (5) different divergent plate boundaries (spreading centers) on the earth. What general geologic features/phenomena ( i.e ., earthquakes, volcanoes, trenches, mountains, etc.) are associated with this boundary? Be careful, not all features labeled “ridge” on the map are tectonic spreading centers. Name Plates Involved Mid-Atlantic Ridge North American Plate, Eurasian Plate, African Plate, South American Plate East Pacific Rise Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Cocos Plate, Nazca Plate, Antarctica Plate Red Sea Rift African Plate, Arabia Plate Juan de Fuca Ridge Pacific Plate, Juan de Fuca Plate Chile Rise Nazca Plate, Antarctic Plate Geologic Features/Phenomena Rift Valleys Oceanic Mountain Ridges Earthquakes Submarine Volcanoes Developing New Ocean Basins Convergent Boundaries:

Ocean-Continent Identify three (3) different ocean-continent convergent boundaries. Be sure to indicate which two plates are involved in the collision, and which plate is being subducted. What general geologic features/phenomena are associated with this boundary? Name Plates Involved Peru-Chile Trench (Subducting) Nazca Plate, South American Plate Cascade Range (Subducting) Juan de Fuca Plate, North American Plate Japan Trench (Subducting) Pacific Plate, Okhotsk Plate Geologic Features/Phenomena Deep Ocean Trenches Earthquakes Tsunamis Metamorphism Volcanoes

Continent-Continent Identify at least one (1) continent-continent convergent boundary. Be sure to indicate which two plates are involved in the collision. What geologic features/phenomena are associated with this boundary? Name Plates Involved Himalayan Mountain Range India Plate, Eurasia Plate Geologic Features/Phenomena Earthquakes Metamorphism Faulting Plateaus Folding

Hot Spots: Identify five (4) active hot spots on the surface of the Earth. What geologic features/phenomena are associated with this boundary? Name Plate Involved Iceland Hotspot Eurasian Plate, North American Plate Réunion Hotspot African Plate Afar Hotspot African Plate, Arabia Plate Hawaiian Hotspot Pacific Plate Geologic Features/Phenomena Seamounts Volcanic Island Arcs Magma Plumes Volcanoes Volcanic Islands

You can determine if an ocean basin is getting bigger or smaller through time by estimating the percentage of its perimeter that is composed of deep-sea trenches. If more than half the perimeter (>50%) is composed of deep-sea trenches, it is likely that the ocean basin is currently getting smaller over time. If less than half the perimeter (<50%) is composed of deep-sea trenches, the ocean is likely getting bigger over time. Identify whether each of the following oceans or seas is getting bigger or smaller through time: Atlantic Ocean Bigger Pacific Ocean Smaller Indian Ocean Bigger Red Sea Bigger Arctic Ocean Bigger