Assignment 4

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New Mexico State University *

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111G

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Geology

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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Uploaded by DoctorCheetahPerson1995

GEOL 111 Learning Assignment 4 Volcanoes 1. Types of Volcanoes Watch the video and fill in the information in the tables below. a. Based on the video, describe the difference you found between a shield volcanic eruption and composite volcanic eruption. Differences Shield volcanic eruption Because the magma has a higher viscosity, a shield volcano may erupt across further distances. Due to the low silica content of basaltic magmas, they are thin and fluid. Due to the low gas concentration, eruptions are frequent and less explosive. Composite volcanic eruption A composite volcano's explosion is explosive because of the high gas and silica levels. Due to the magma's stickiness and viscosity, which causes it to back up and generate more explosive eruptions, they traverse shorter distances. b. What combination of dissolved gases/silica content did you find that determines the type of eruption? Combination of Dissolved gases/silica content Shield volcanic eruption Basaltic magmas from shield volcanoes have little silica content, making them thin and fluid . Composit e volcanic eruption Explosive explosions are brought on by the composite volcano's high gas levels. Additionally, the lava is viscous because to the high silica content, which can cause backups and explosive outbursts. c. What is the viscosity of the magma that produces each of these flows? Viscosity of Magma Shield volcanic eruption The lava from the Shield volcano is thin, liquid, and has low viscosity. Longer distances frequently experience explosions. Composite volcanic eruption Magma from composite volcanoes moves less because it is more sticky and viscous, which leads to magma buildup and more explosive eruptions. d. Describe what you found out in the video how the two different kinds of volcanoes (shield/composite) relate to plate boundaries. Plate boundary Shield Volcanic eruptions within a shield frequently occur at a

GEOL 111 Learning Assignment 4 Volcanoes volcanic eruption constructive point boundary. Composit e volcanic eruption On damaging plate borders, composite volcanoes happen . 2. Volcanic Hazards . Go through the web site to help you label each of the volcanic hazards on the figure below. Hazard 1. Blow-Downs 2 Climate Change 3. Lahars 4. Lava Flows

GEOL 111 Learning Assignment 4 Volcanoes 5. Pyroclastic 6. Tephra 3. Watch the videos of the volcanic eruptions and describe the differences in eruptive style for each (Kilauea vs. Mt. St. Helens.) 3-5 sentences. The Kilauea volcano is a hotspot that forms over time as lava builds up; eventually, pressure leads to an eruption. The lava travels extremely slowly in Kilauea. A massive landslide caused the volcano to erupt atop Mount St. Helens, which then blasted much of the mountain away in the explosion. 4. Volcanic Features . Match up the descriptions to the volcanic features. Description Volcanic Feature These features are sometimes called “dying volcanoes” because they occur near the end stages of volcanic activity. Fumaroles These features can transport lava several miles from an eruption site and are often big enough for people to walk through and can cover long distances. Lava Tubes These features can be observed in areas of active volcanism, or areas that have inactive volcanoes. Geothermal Features These steep-sided circular depression commonly have hot spring, geysers, boiling mud pits, and other signs of geothermal activity. Calderas Phreatic eruptions are associated with these features and occur when groundwater is heated by nearby magma, lava or volcanic deposits. Diatremes and Maars Stocks, laccoliths, sills, and dikes. Igneous Rock and Maars A circular surface depression caused by volcanic activity, usually on the summit or flank of a volcano. Craters Depending on the chemistry, viscosity, and eruptions style, these features can have different and distinct Lava Flows

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GEOL 111 Learning Assignment 4 Volcanoes appearances.

Assignment 4

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