EC Quiz #5_ Chapters 6-7
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University of North Carolina, Charlotte *
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Course
1200
Subject
Geology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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docx
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2
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1.
________, a common mineral found in igneous rocks, is the most abundant mineral in
detrital sedimentary rocks.
○
Quartz
2.
In which area would weathering by frost wedging probably be most effective?
○
in moist, temperate climates
3.
Sedimentary rocks account for about what percentage of the Earth's outermost 10
kilometers of rock (first percentage). Also, what percentage of the Earth's continental
area is covered by sedimentary rocks (second percentage)?
○
5% and 75%
4.
What is probably the single most important, original, depositional feature in sedimentary
rocks?
○
bedding or stratification
5.
What is the main difference between a conglomerate and a sedimentary breccia?
○
Breccia clasts are angular; conglomerate clasts are rounded.
6.
Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the
majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern: time, parent
material, elevation, topography
○
Parent material
7.
Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and halite?
○
detrital sedimentary rocks
8.
A cherty limestone would contain which major constituents?
○
silica, calcite
9.
Which of the following sedimentary rocks would you expect to have originally been
deposited by fast-moving streams?
○
Conglomerate
10. Which of the following sedimentary features can each be used to determine paleocurrent
directions?
○
ripple marks and cross stratification
11. Under similar warm, moist climatic conditions, why would basalt and gabbro generally
have higher chemical weathering rates than rhyolite and granite?
○
The ferromagnesian minerals in the gabbro and basalt are subject to oxidation
and chemical breakdown.
12. Which of the following best describes sets of fractures in relatively fresh bedrock, such
as granite, which are roughly parallel to the land surface?
○
sheeting fractures
13. In the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, north-facing slopes (downhill
direction is toward the north) are typically more moist and heavily forested than south-
facing slopes. Why?
○
North-facing slopes receive about the same amount of precipitation as south-
facing slopes; less moisture evaporates from north-facing slopes.
14. While observing a sedimentary rock outcrop, you note that majority of the material
cemented in the stratigraphic unit is gravel-cobble in size, but poorly sorted and angular.
From these basic observations, what can you infer about the depositional environment
represented by the sedimentary characteristics?
○
located near the headwaters of a mountain reach of a stream
15. The finely divided, red, brown, and yellow soil-coloring minerals originate by what
process?
○
precipitation of iron oxides during the chemical weathering process
16. ________ cement produces bright-red and yellow colors in some sandstone.
○
Iron oxide
17. Which of the following describes the correct order for relative solubility of minerals in
sedimentary rocks?
○
Evaporate minerals are more soluble than calcite and quartz.
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