Geology Quiz: Exploring Minerals and the Rock Cycle

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 1/11 4 / 4 pts Question 1 Which of the following statements is true for minerals? Minerals are mostly created through the activities of organisms. The minerals quartz and halite are considered separate minerals because of differences in crystal sizes Atoms within the crystal structure of a mineral are usually disorganized and randomly distributed. A given mineral has a specific crystal structure and chemical composition. 4 / 4 pts Question 2 Which of the following statements regarding silicate minerals is false? The basic building block of all silicate minerals is the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. Silicate tetrahedra can bond with cations but not with other tetrahedra. All silicate minerals have silicon and oxygen in their chemical formula. Silicate minerals are the most abundant minerals in Earth's crust. 4 / 4 pts Question 3

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 2/11 Which of the following is NOT a silicate mineral? Quartz Plagioclase feldspar Mica Pyroxene Hematite 4 / 4 pts Question 4 The mineral calcite belongs to which of the following mineral groups? Silicates Oxides Carbonates Sulfates Halides 4 / 4 pts Question 5 What distinguishes the native element minerals from the other mineral groups? Native element minerals are bonded to sulfur Native element minerals only form ionic bonds

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 3/11 Native element minerals are all soft and easily scratched Native element minerals are comprised of only one element 4 / 4 pts Question 6 Which of the following pairs of minerals belong to the same mineral group? Quartz and halite Gypsum and anhydrite Mica and gold Calcite and olivine 4 / 4 pts Question 7 According to the Rock Cycle, which of the following is the first stage in converting a metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock? Uplift and exposure Lithification Burial to greater depths Increase the temperature Weathering and erosion to produce sediment 4 / 4 pts Question 8

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10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 4/11 Which of the following statements regarding the Rock Cycle is FALSE? Igneous rocks can bypass the weathering stage and be converted directly into metamorphic rocks. Only igneous rocks can be uplifted and exposed to weathering. Sedimentary rocks can convert into metamorphic rocks if the temperature and pressure conditions are right. Any rock type can be uplifted and exposed to weathering agents. 4 / 4 pts Question 9 Which of the following statements regarding cooling rates of magma is TRUE? Fast cooling rates of magma produce large crystals. Lava erupted on Earth's surface cools very slowly when exposed to the atmosphere. Magma crystallizing deep in the crust cools slowly and forms large crystals. An igneous pluton forms from lava that is extruded onto Earth's surface and cools quickly. 4 / 4 pts Question 10

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 5/11 What are the two dominant igneous intrusions illustrated below? Batholith and dike Sill and dike Dike and laccolith Volcanic neck and batholith 4 / 4 pts Question 11 A viscous magma rich in dissolved gases will produce... quiet eruptions and fluid lava. explosive eruptions and volcanic ash. only plutonic rocks with large crystals. mild eruptions that crystallize into mafic igneous rocks only. 4 / 4 pts Question 12

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 6/11 A light-colored igneous rock with abundant quartz and potassium feldspar is probably ________ in composition. Felsic Intermediate Mafic Ultramafic 4 / 4 pts Question 13 A low-viscosity magma most likely... Has low silica content Yields explosive eruptions Is thick and sticky, thus retaining its gases Erupts volcanic ash 4 / 4 pts Question 14 Which of the following is NOT a direct product of weathering? Water Clay minerals Dissolved ions Rock fragments

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10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 7/11 4 / 4 pts Question 15 Detrital (clastic) sedimentary rocks... Crystallize directly from water. Are composed of particles of pre-existing rocks. Include rock salt and limestone. Are more likely than chemical sedimentary rocks to contain fossils of marine organisms. 4 / 4 pts Question 16 Which of the following is NOT a sedimentary environment where sediments accumulate? Beach Desert Continental shelf Mountain valley Uplifted bedrock undergoing weathering and erosion 4 / 4 pts Question 17 How does breccia differ from conglomerate?

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 8/11 Particle sizes in breccia are smaller than those found in conglomerate. Particles in breccia are angular, while particles in conglomerate are rounded. Breccia is a detrital sedimentary rock whereas conglomerate is a chemical sedimentary rock. Breccia contains fossils whereas conglomerate does not. 4 / 4 pts Question 18 Which of the following chemical sedimentary rocks will most likely contain fossils? Rock salt Chert Limestone Rock gypsum 4 / 4 pts Question 19 _________ metamorphism is directly associated with the margins of igneous intrusions? Burial Regional Contact

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 9/11 Dynamic 4 / 4 pts Question 20 What type of metamorphism involves chemical reactions between oceanic lithosphere and warm fluids near mid-ocean ridges? Regional metamorphism Hydrothermal metamorphism Subduction zone metamorphism Burial metamorphism 4 / 4 pts Question 21 Which of the following is NOT a foliated metamorphic rock? Sandstone Slate Schist Gneiss 4 / 4 pts Question 22 Which of the following statements is an example of foliation in metamorphic rocks?

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10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 10/11 Recrystallization of original minerals into large, equal-sized crystals that appear as granules in a metamorphic rock. Reactions between rocks and hot magmatic fluids result in the formation of green, blocky minerals containing water in their crystal structures. Alignment of platy minerals like micas in a common direction due to direct pressure during metamorphism. Minerals are platy and randomly oriented in different directions due to high temperature, low pressure metamorphism. 4 / 4 pts Question 23 Schist and gneiss are most commonly associated with ___________ metamorphism. Hydrothermal Regional Dynamic Contact 4 / 4 pts Question 24 Sandstone is metamorphosed into a non-foliated rock called ___________.

10/28/23, 1:50 AM GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd: 2023FA GEOL1340 12899 - Earth Systems https://uh.instructure.com/courses/4544/quizzes/44178 11/11 Marble Mylonite Schist Quartzite 4 / 4 pts Question 25 How is magma generated beneath mid-ocean ridges? Decompression melting of mantle peridotite Release of volatiles (mainly water) into mantle peridotite Ridge push Melting of mantle peridotite by hot hydrothermal fluids

GEOL1340 Quiz 9cd

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