1404_Ch20Assignment

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Lone Star College System, North Harris *

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1404

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Geology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by DeaconWolverineMaster977

PHYS 1404: Chapter 20 – The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds – Assignment © 2018-2023 Lone Star College. All Rights Reserved. Write your Name. Do not alter header or question numbers. Abide by LSC Academic Integrity. Name:Sebastjon 1. Explain why we always see the same face of the moon? because the period of rotation of the moon on its axis is equal to the period of its revolution around the earth . 2. What is Regolith and how was it formed? The surface of the Moon is covered with a debris blanket, called the regolith, produced by the impacts of meteorites . ______________ 3. Which are older, the lunar highlands or the lowlands? How do you know this? Lowlands and Transition Zones buried surfaces are older than the visible Highland surface . __________________________________________________________________ 4. How many people have walked on the surface of the moon? 12 men _________________ 5. What do breccias tell you about the history of the moon? Explain. Lunar breccias are fragmented rocks which are formed from impact of meteoriots on the moon surface. It has significance as it tell us about how there are craters features and highlands in moon. They are clastic in origin from bombardment .We can understand that moon is under attack of many meteorites which create features on moon surface. __________________________________________________________________

PHYS 1404: Chapter 20 – The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds – Assignment © 2018-2023 Lone Star College. All Rights Reserved. Write your Name. Do not alter header or question numbers. Abide by LSC Academic Integrity. 6. Both the Earth and the moon have igneous rocks. Explain how can you tell them apart? Earth's igneous rocks and moons have similarities in many ways ,like composition, texture. But we can differentiate between them from presence of traces of Fossil and gases as earth have atmosphere and moon doesn't . Also earth igneous rocks contain about 1-2% of water while moon doesn't have any amount of water in it. 7. What is the significance of the bubbles in vesicular basalt rocks? Basalts have vesicular pores which are formed from escape of gases from magma when they cooled down on surface.As Magma contain some amount of water and gases which diffuses when it's come on surface, leaving pore spaces. It indicates presence of atmosphere and water . 8. Name and describe the theory that best explains the origin of the moon. The giant-impact theory . This proposes that the Moon formed during a collision between the Earth and another small planet, about the size of the planet Mars. 9. Where did the first manned lunar landing occur? Apollo 11 Where did the last one occur? Taurus-Littrow highlands and valley area 10. One full day on Mercury (from sunrise to sunrise) lasts 176 earth's days . Earth days, and one year on Mercury is 88 days Earth days.

PHYS 1404: Chapter 20 – The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds – Assignment © 2018-2023 Lone Star College. All Rights Reserved. Write your Name. Do not alter header or question numbers. Abide by LSC Academic Integrity. 11. Is the surface of Mercury always hotter than the surface of the Earth? Explain Mercury is closer to the sun. 12.  What are four shared common characteristics of the Moon and Mercury? Rocky, Cratered Surfaces.  Signs of Volcanic Activity  Evidence of Polar Ice Masses.  Minerals and Metals in Surface Rocks. 12. Go to “Current events” tab and read the link “A Closer Look at Mercury’s Spin and Gravity Reveals the Planet’s Inner Solid Core ”. Write 10 – 15 sentence summary of the article. Mercury's solid inner core has been discovered, providing insights into the formation of the solar system and the evolution of rocky planets over time. The molten core powers the planet's weak magnetic field, and its cooling more rapidly than Earth's. The MESSENGER mission, launched in 2011, probed the interior of Mercury using radio observations and gravitational anomalies. Mercury spins more slowly than Earth, with its day lasting about 58 Earth days. However, small variations in the spin rate alone were insufficient to determine the inner core's composition. Gravity, a powerful tool for examining the deep interior of a planet, can help answer this question. The MESSENGER spacecraft's orbital speed and the planet's density structure allowed for accurate measurements of the inner core. The results showed that Mercury must have a large, solid inner core, estimated to be about 1,260 miles wide and making up about half of its entire core.

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PHYS 1404: Chapter 20 – The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds – Assignment © 2018-2023 Lone Star College. All Rights Reserved. Write your Name. Do not alter header or question numbers. Abide by LSC Academic Integrity. 13. Go to “Current events” tab and read the link “Massive anomaly within Earth's mantle may be remnant of collision that formed moon ”. Write 10 – 15 sentence summary of the article. A study published in Nature by Prof. Deng Hongping of the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) has provided new insights into Earth's internal structure, long-term evolution, and the formation of the inner solar system. The research, which used computational fluid dynamics methods, found that the moon formed from debris from a massive collision between primordial Earth (Gaia) and Mars-sized proto-planet Theia around 4.5 billion years ago. The study also found that the Earth and moon's compositions were similar, challenging the conventional theory of moon formation. The research, which used Meshless Finite Mass (MFM) computational fluid dynamics, further refined the theory of lunar formation. 14. Go to “Current events” tab and read the link “Astronauts to live and work on the moon by 2030, Nasa official says ”. Write 10 – 15 sentence summary of the article. NASA's Howard Hu, head of the Orion lunar spacecraft programme, has announced that astronauts will be living and working on the moon for "durations" before 2030. The spacecraft will have habitats and rovers to support their work, and humans will be sent down to the surface to live and do science. Hu was appointed as head of Nasa's spacecraft for deep-space exploration in February and spoke as the 98-metre Artemis rocket powered towards the moon on its first uncrewed mission. The spacecraft carries three fully suited mannequins to register the stresses and strains of the Artemis 1 mission. The rocket is now about 83,000

PHYS 1404: Chapter 20 – The Moon and Mercury: Comparing Airless Worlds – Assignment © 2018-2023 Lone Star College. All Rights Reserved. Write your Name. Do not alter header or question numbers. Abide by LSC Academic Integrity. miles from the moon. Hu believes this is the first step towards long-term deep- space exploration for the United States and the world, and he believes this is a historic day for all those who love human space flight and deep-space exploration. He believes the vehicle will carry the people to land them back on the moon again.

1404_Ch20Assignment

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