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Geology

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Dec 6, 2023

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GEOL 1302 Earth History Group Project and Presentation “Geologic Timescale and Global Earth History” Part I Watch the video about using the length of a football field as an analogy of Earth’s history at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8V_glRW1hA&feature=emb_logo . The entire playing field is used for this analogy with a total length of 100 yards (or about 91.5 meters), with Earth’s history starting at 4.5 billion years ago. Using this analogy, fill out the tables below for the geologic eras, periods, and some epochs (Table 1), and also for some major life events (Table 2). List the location on the football field either in yards/feet/inches or in meters/centimeters/millimeters before the endzone on the right (corresponding to the “Present”) . Please don’t forget to indicate the length unit you are using. One example has been filled out in the table: The Archean Eon started 4 billion (or 4000 million) years before present. If 4.5 billion years correspond to the entire field (100 yards or 91.5 meters), then 4 billion years correspond to about 88.9 yards (or 81.3 meters). Refer to the Geologic Time Scale in your textbook, or to a time scale at one of the following locations: https://www.geosociety.org/GSA/Education_Careers/Geologic_Time_Scale/GSA/timescale/home.aspx http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/geotime/guide/geologictimescale.html https://www.arrsd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Geologic-Time-Scale.pdf You might also have to find some other resources.

Table 1 Geologic Time Interval Years Before Present (Start) Location on the Football Field Holocene Epoch 0.01 million years Pleistocene Epoch 1.8 million years Quaternary Period 1.8 million years Neogene Period 23 to 5 million years Paleogene Period 65 to 38 million years Cenozoic Era 65 to 0.01 million years Cretaceous Period 146 million years Jurassic Period 208 million years Triassic Period 245 million years Mesozoic Era 245 million years Permian Period 286 million years Pennsylvanian Period 325 million years Mississippian Period 360 million years Devonian Period 410 million years Silurian Period 440 million years Ordovician Period 505 million years Cambrian Period 543 million years Paleozoic Era 543 to 286 million years Proterozoic Eon 570 million years Archean Eon 4 billion (or 4000 million) years 88.9 yards or 81.3 meters

Table 2 Life Event Years Before Present Location on the Football Field First bacteria 3.5 billion years 50 yard First fish 543 million years 18 yard First vascular plants 505 million years 10 yard First amphibians 410 million years 10 yard First reptiles 325 million years 10 yard Appearance of dinosaurs 245 million years 5 yard Extinction of dinosaurs 146 million years 1 yard First angiosperms (flowering plants) 146 million years 1 yard First mammals 245 million years 1 foot First primates 65 million years 1 foot First hominids 5 million years 1 foot First modern humans 1.8 million years 1/8th inch from the endzone

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