AST HW #7 Flashcards | Quizlet

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Get a guided learning experience to maximize recall Learn more Ad We have an expert-written solution to this problem! Based on what you learn about jovian moons by watching the videos or reading your textbook, what types of evidence for recent or ongoing geological activity have been observed on one or more jovian moons? - ice crystals being sprayed out into space - surfaces with very few impact craters - river valleys feeding into surface lakes of very cold liquids - active volcanoes _________: The most volcanically active world in the solar system. Io __________: This moon of Jupiter has an icy surface with very few impact craters, suggesting that craters have been covered by upwelling water. Europa ______________: Orbits Saturn and has been observed to be spraying fountains of ice crystals into space. Enceladus ___________: This moon of Neptune orbits "backward" compared to Neptune's rotation. Triton __________: The only moon in the solar system with a thick atmosphere, it also has lakes of liquid methane and ethane. Titan _______________: The largest moon in the solar system, this moon has some regions that are heavily cratered other regions that have very few craters. Ganymede In light of what we know about geological activity on the terrestrial worlds, why might it seem surprising to find geological activity on jovian moons? because they are relatively small in size Which of the following can contribute to explaining why jovian moons are sometimes much more geologically active than terrestrial worlds of similar (or smaller) size? - tidal heating - ice-rich composition What is the relevance of tidal heating to the possibility of life on jovian moons? Tidal heating can lead to subsurface zones of liquid water. As shown in the video, Earth has two tidal bulges at all times. Approximately where are these bulges located? One faces the Moon and one faces opposite the Moon. Most people are familiar with the rise and fall of ocean tides. Do tides also affect land? Yes, though land rises and falls by a much smaller amount than the oceans. Any particular location on Earth experiences __________. two high tides and two low tides each day One tidal bulge faces toward the Moon because that is where the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Moon is strongest. Which of the following best explains why there is also a second tidal bulge? The second tidal bulge arises because gravity weakens with distance, essentially stretching Earth along the Earth-Moon line. As you watch the video, notice that the size of the tidal bulges varies with the Moon's phase, which depends on its orbital position relative to the Sun. Which of the following statement(s) accurately describe(s) this variation? - Low tides are lowest at both full moon and new moon. - High tides are highest at both full moon and new moon. You have found that tides on Earth are determined primarily by the position of the Moon, with the Sun playing only a secondary role. Why does the Moon play a greater role in causing tides than the Sun? because the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Moon varies more across Earth than does the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Sun Listed following are some of the distinguishing characteristics of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter. Match each characteristic to the appropriate moon. Io - source of ionized gas in the donut-shaped charged particle belt around Jupiter - hot, glowing lava visible in some photos - volcanoes currently erupting Europa - double-ridged surface features strongly suggest a subsurface ocean below - ice covered surface with few impact craters Ganymede - largest moon in the solar system - heavily cratered terrain adjacent to fairly smooth terrain Callisto - entire surface appears heavily cratered and ancient - most distant from Jupiter of these four moons The largest moon in the solar system is _____________ Ganymede The jovian moon with the most geologically active surface is _______. Io Strong evidence both from surface features and magnetic field data support the existence of a subsurface ocean on __________. Europa __________ is responsible for the tremendous volcanic activity on Io. Tidal heating __________ is the most distant of Jupiter's four Galilean moons. Callisto The fact that Europa orbits Jupiter twice for every one orbit of Ganymede is an example of a(n) _____________. orbital resonance Why do the moons of Saturn have large amounts of methane and ammonia ice, but the moons of Jupiter do not? It was too warm for these ices to condense at Jupiter's distance in the solar nebula. Which statement about synchronous rotation is true? It is a natural consequence of tidal forces acting on a moon. Based on what we know about the terrestrial worlds, why is it surprising to find geological activity on jovian moons? They are too small. Imagine another star system with a planet of the same mass as Jupiter orbited by a moon with the same size and orbit as Io. If this moon is not geologically active like Io, then which of the following is probably true? The planet does not have other large moons sharing an orbital resonance with this moon. Tidal heating is stronger for Io than for Europa because ________. Io is closer to Jupiter Scientists are currently planning a mission that should tell us definitively whether there is an ocean on Europa. This mission will do that in the cheapest way possible, which is to ________. measure how much Europa's surface bulges up and down as it rotates Why would it be surprising to find large fish-like organisms with rapid metabolism on Europa? There does not seem to be enough energy available to support this type of metabolism. How do the possibilities for life on Ganymede and Callisto compare to those on Europa? Life seems less likely because these moons have less energy available for life. Suppose you had the misfortune of finding yourself outside on Titan without a spacesuit. Which would probably kill you first? the cold temperature Titan shares all of the following geological features with Earth except ________. volcanoes erupting with molten rock Why were scientists surprised to find active geology on Enceladus? Because of its small size Chemical disequilibrium is likely to be present in all the following places except ________. icy boulders in the rings of Saturn English (USA) Ask Quizlet anything