Chapter 14 Test 2
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School
Eastern Kentucky University *
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Course
108
Subject
Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
25
Uploaded by BaronLion2264
Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Winds promote the spread of wildfire by
Selected
Answer:
b.
all of these
Answers:
a.
transporting firebrands downwind, igniting spot fires.
b.
all of these
c.
supplying oxygen-rich air to replenish oxygen consumed during combustion.
d.
tilting flames over the top of unburned areas, heating the fuels beneath.
e.
none of these
Question 2
2 out of 2 points
The same factors that lead to drought in southern Asia and Africa also affect monsoonal climates in
other parts of the world such as
Selected
Answer:
e.
Australia.
Answers:
a.
western Europe.
b.
northern Asia.
c.
southwestern North America.
d.
none of these
e.
Australia.
Question 3
2 out of 2 points
The highest priority for wildfire management officials is to preserve
Selected
Answer:
b.
human life.
Answers:
a.
buildings and structures.
b.
human life.
c.
infrastructure.
d.
natural resources.
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
One of the many factors that determine whether a person will develop a heat-related illness has to do
with their physical condition and level of activity. Physical condition directly relates to
Selected
Answer:
e.
the ability to radiate heat once a person becomes overheated, which is related to
the surface area of the body compared to the volume of the body.
Answers:
a.
an individual’s heat tolerance.
b.
none of these
c.
overall health; those individuals with underlying health problems are more likely to
suffer heat-related illness.
d.
all of these
e.
the ability to radiate heat once a person becomes overheated, which is related to
the surface area of the body compared to the volume of the body.
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
Heat stress is a condition that occurs when the human body cannot cool itself sufficiently. Heat
exhaustion is manifested by extreme sweating, weakness, muscle cramps, a fast pulse, and
breathing difficulty. Heat exhaustion begins when the body core temperature reaches
Selected
Answer:
b.
102.2 °F.
Answers:
a.
103.3 °F.
b.
102.2 °F.
c.
100.1 °F.
d.
101.1 °F.
e.
104.5 °F.
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
In an effort to reduce the risk of wildfire, some communities have
Selected
Answer:
b.
all of these
Answers:
a.
established permanently maintained fire breaks.
b.
all of these
c.
intentionally set fires to consume fuels.
d.
established goat herds to feed on underbrush.
e.
none of these
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
Natural causes of wildfire include
Selected
Answer:
c.
all of these
Answers:
a.
lava and pyroclastic flows.
b.
lightning strikes.
c.
all of these
d.
spontaneous combustion.
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e.
meteorite impacts.
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
The most severe droughts occur in Australia in association with El Niño events, and are manifested
as decreases in rainfall along
Selected
Answer:
a.
the northeastern and eastern coasts.
Answers:
a.
the northeastern and eastern coasts.
b.
the northwestern and western coasts.
c.
the southwestern and southern coasts.
d.
the southeastern and southern coasts.
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
Heat-related illness, and death occurred with much greater frequency in the United States prior to the
early 20
th
century, but are much less common today as a result of
Selected
Answer:
c.
air conditioning.
Answers:
a.
recognition of the signs of heat stress and taking immediate action.
b.
advanced medical treatments that are able to reverse the effects of heat stress
quickly.
c.
air conditioning.
d.
cooling of the climate.
Question 10
2 out of 2 points
Megadroughts
are droughts that
Selected
Answer:
a.
persist over periods in excess of twenty years.
Answers:
a.
persist over periods in excess of twenty years.
b.
persist over a period of up to two years.
c.
form as a result of exceptionally low amounts of precipitation compared to regular
drought conditions.
d.
occur over large areas.
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
Which type of natural disaster has led to more fatalities, displaced more people, and triggered more
wars than any other type of natural disaster?
Selected
Answer:
b.
droughts
Answers:
a.
none of these
b.
droughts
c.
earthquakes
d.
hurricanes
e.
tsunamis
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
How do drought conditions affect heat waves?
Selected
Answer:
d.
Dry vegetation and dry soils absorb heat more readily than if they were moist. The
absorbed heat radiates back to the atmosphere, exacerbating the effects of the heat.
wave.
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
The lack of precipitation during a drought means there is little cloud cover, promoting
radiative cooling to the clear atmosphere and diminishing the effects of heat waves.
c.
none of these
d.
Dry vegetation and dry soils absorb heat more readily than if they were moist. The
absorbed heat radiates back to the atmosphere, exacerbating the effects of the heat.
wave.
e.
Drought conditions are accompanied by low relative humidity; dry air cannot absorb
heat as readily as moist air.
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
The western portion of the United States experiences alternating periods of wet and dry years; the
major control is
Selected
Answer:
a.
the orientation of the jet stream in the atmosphere.
Answers:
a.
the orientation of the jet stream in the atmosphere.
b.
the number of mid-latitude cyclones that occur over a period.
c.
all of these
d.
the number of Pacific-origin storms that blow ashore.
e.
none of these
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Flames, which are the familiar visible part of fire, consist of glowing superheated gases including
Selected
Answer:
d.
carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Answers:
a.
hydrogen.
b.
sulfur dioxide.
c.
all of these
d.
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carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
e.
ozone.
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
Climate zones are defined on the basis of
Selected
Answer:
c.
temperature range, seasonality, and precipitation.
Answers:
a.
temperature range, percentage of surface water coverage, and elevation.
b.
tectonic setting, longitude, and percentage surface water coverage.
c.
temperature range, seasonality, and precipitation.
d.
soil type, mean annual precipitation, and dominant types of vegetation.
Question 16
2 out of 2 points
Are individuals likely to face increasing risks from wildfires in the future?
Selected
Answer:
d.
Yes; climate change resulting in higher atmospheric temperatures is a significant
contributor to the possibility of wildfires occurring.
Answers:
a.
No, modern scientific forest management practices have eliminated most of the risk
from wildfire.
b.
No; modern construction techniques and materials make buildings virtually
fireproof.
c.
No; zoning laws and regulations prevent development in areas where wildfires may
occur.
d.
Yes; climate change resulting in higher atmospheric temperatures is a significant
contributor to the possibility of wildfires occurring.
e.
No; wildland fire suppression techniques are very sophisticated, so wildfire poses
little danger in modern times.
Question 17
2 out of 2 points
Mediterranean climate zones occur
Selected
Answer:
a.
all of these
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
in southern Australia.
c.
along the west coast of the United States.
d.
along the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
e.
in southern Africa.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Referring to the figure below, what is the Standardized Precipitation-Evaporation Index based on?
Selected
Answer:
a.
the amount of water lost from the ground and plants versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
Answers:
a.
the amount of water lost from the ground and plants versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
b.
all of these
c.
none of these
d.
the amount of surface water lost to evaporation versus the amount of water
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supplied by precipitation
e.
the amount of ground moisture lost to evaporation versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Drought
is a term that describes a deficiency of freshwater in a region of a duration long enough to
Selected
Answer:
e.
all of these
Answers:
a.
none of these
b.
affect human health and human activities.
c.
harm natural vegetation and crops.
d.
harm wildlife and livestock.
e.
all of these
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
One important factor used to define the climate type in a region is related to
Selected
Answer:
c.
the dominant type of vegetation present.
Answers:
a.
elevation.
b.
mean annual precipitation.
c.
the dominant type of vegetation present.
d.
mean annual temperature.
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Why are wildfires so common in the state of California?
Selected
Answer:
d.
all of these
Answers:
a.
Long-term drought kills vegetation and dries fuels.
b.
Decades of fire suppression and mismanagement of forests have allowed forest
litter to accumulate.
c.
none of these
d.
all of these
e.
Lush vegetation that grows during wet seasons provides fuel.
Question 22
0 out of 2 points
Heat stroke is the progression from heat exhaustion, and may be manifested by fainting, a very fast
pulse, headache, vomiting, and confusion. Heat stroke occurs when the body temperature rises to
Selected
Answer:
d.
104 °F.
Answers:
a.
102 °F.
b.
105 °F.
c.
101 °F.
d.
104 °F.
e.
103 °F.
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
The figures below represent the Palmer Drought Severity Index for the United States. The PDSI is
based on
Selected
Answer:
e.
the moisture deficiency at a point in time relative to average local moisture conditions.
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
the soil moisture at a point in time compared to average local soil moisture values.
c.
none of these
d.
the relative humidity at a point in time compared to average local humidity.
e.
the moisture deficiency at a point in time relative to average local moisture conditions.
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
Mediterranean climates are characterized by
Selected
Answer:
d.
dry summer and wet winter conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
Answers:
a.
wet spring and dry fall conditions, although wet seasons are less intense than
monsoonal climates.
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b.
dry fall and wet spring conditions, although wet seasons are less intense than
monsoonal climates.
c.
dry winter and wet summer conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
d.
dry summer and wet winter conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
Question 25
0 out of 2 points
The most common cause of wildfire is
Selected
Answer:
d.
lightning strikes.
Answers:
a.
human activity.
b.
unknown causes.
c.
sparks from electrical distribution infrastructure.
d.
lightning strikes.
Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Winds promote the spread of wildfire by
Selected
Answer:
b.
all of these
Answers:
a.
transporting firebrands downwind, igniting spot fires.
b.
all of these
c.
supplying oxygen-rich air to replenish oxygen consumed during combustion.
d.
tilting flames over the top of unburned areas, heating the fuels beneath.
e.
none of these
Question 2
2 out of 2 points
The same factors that lead to drought in southern Asia and Africa also affect monsoonal climates in
other parts of the world such as
Selected
Answer:
e.
Australia.
Answers:
a.
western Europe.
b.
northern Asia.
c.
southwestern North America.
d.
none of these
e.
Australia.
Question 3
2 out of 2 points
The highest priority for wildfire management officials is to preserve
Selected
Answer:
b.
human life.
Answers:
a.
buildings and structures.
b.
human life.
c.
infrastructure.
d.
natural resources.
Question 4
2 out of 2 points
One of the many factors that determine whether a person will develop a heat-related illness has to do
with their physical condition and level of activity. Physical condition directly relates to
Selected
Answer:
e.
the ability to radiate heat once a person becomes overheated, which is related to
the surface area of the body compared to the volume of the body.
Answers:
a.
an individual’s heat tolerance.
b.
none of these
c.
overall health; those individuals with underlying health problems are more likely to
suffer heat-related illness.
d.
all of these
e.
the ability to radiate heat once a person becomes overheated, which is related to
the surface area of the body compared to the volume of the body.
Question 5
2 out of 2 points
Heat stress is a condition that occurs when the human body cannot cool itself sufficiently. Heat
exhaustion is manifested by extreme sweating, weakness, muscle cramps, a fast pulse, and
breathing difficulty. Heat exhaustion begins when the body core temperature reaches
Selected
Answer:
b.
102.2 °F.
Answers:
a.
103.3 °F.
b.
102.2 °F.
c.
100.1 °F.
d.
101.1 °F.
e.
104.5 °F.
Question 6
2 out of 2 points
In an effort to reduce the risk of wildfire, some communities have
Selected
Answer:
b.
all of these
Answers:
a.
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established permanently maintained fire breaks.
b.
all of these
c.
intentionally set fires to consume fuels.
d.
established goat herds to feed on underbrush.
e.
none of these
Question 7
2 out of 2 points
Natural causes of wildfire include
Selected
Answer:
c.
all of these
Answers:
a.
lava and pyroclastic flows.
b.
lightning strikes.
c.
all of these
d.
spontaneous combustion.
e.
meteorite impacts.
Question 8
2 out of 2 points
The most severe droughts occur in Australia in association with El Niño events, and are manifested
as decreases in rainfall along
Selected
Answer:
a.
the northeastern and eastern coasts.
Answers:
a.
the northeastern and eastern coasts.
b.
the northwestern and western coasts.
c.
the southwestern and southern coasts.
d.
the southeastern and southern coasts.
Question 9
2 out of 2 points
Heat-related illness, and death occurred with much greater frequency in the United States prior to the
early 20
th
century, but are much less common today as a result of
Selected
Answer:
c.
air conditioning.
Answers:
a.
recognition of the signs of heat stress and taking immediate action.
b.
advanced medical treatments that are able to reverse the effects of heat stress
quickly.
c.
air conditioning.
d.
cooling of the climate.
Question 10
2 out of 2 points
Megadroughts
are droughts that
Selected
Answer:
a.
persist over periods in excess of twenty years.
Answers:
a.
persist over periods in excess of twenty years.
b.
persist over a period of up to two years.
c.
form as a result of exceptionally low amounts of precipitation compared to regular
drought conditions.
d.
occur over large areas.
Question 11
2 out of 2 points
Which type of natural disaster has led to more fatalities, displaced more people, and triggered more
wars than any other type of natural disaster?
Selected
Answer:
b.
droughts
Answers:
a.
none of these
b.
droughts
c.
earthquakes
d.
hurricanes
e.
tsunamis
Question 12
2 out of 2 points
How do drought conditions affect heat waves?
Selected
Answer:
d.
Dry vegetation and dry soils absorb heat more readily than if they were moist. The
absorbed heat radiates back to the atmosphere, exacerbating the effects of the heat.
wave.
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
The lack of precipitation during a drought means there is little cloud cover, promoting
radiative cooling to the clear atmosphere and diminishing the effects of heat waves.
c.
none of these
d.
Dry vegetation and dry soils absorb heat more readily than if they were moist. The
absorbed heat radiates back to the atmosphere, exacerbating the effects of the heat.
wave.
e.
Drought conditions are accompanied by low relative humidity; dry air cannot absorb
heat as readily as moist air.
Question 13
2 out of 2 points
The western portion of the United States experiences alternating periods of wet and dry years; the
major control is
Selected
Answer:
a.
the orientation of the jet stream in the atmosphere.
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Answers:
a.
the orientation of the jet stream in the atmosphere.
b.
the number of mid-latitude cyclones that occur over a period.
c.
all of these
d.
the number of Pacific-origin storms that blow ashore.
e.
none of these
Question 14
2 out of 2 points
Flames, which are the familiar visible part of fire, consist of glowing superheated gases including
Selected
Answer:
d.
carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
Answers:
a.
hydrogen.
b.
sulfur dioxide.
c.
all of these
d.
carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
e.
ozone.
Question 15
2 out of 2 points
Climate zones are defined on the basis of
Selected
Answer:
c.
temperature range, seasonality, and precipitation.
Answers:
a.
temperature range, percentage of surface water coverage, and elevation.
b.
tectonic setting, longitude, and percentage surface water coverage.
c.
temperature range, seasonality, and precipitation.
d.
soil type, mean annual precipitation, and dominant types of vegetation.
Question 16
2 out of 2 points
Are individuals likely to face increasing risks from wildfires in the future?
Selected
Answer:
d.
Yes; climate change resulting in higher atmospheric temperatures is a significant
contributor to the possibility of wildfires occurring.
Answers:
a.
No, modern scientific forest management practices have eliminated most of the risk
from wildfire.
b.
No; modern construction techniques and materials make buildings virtually
fireproof.
c.
No; zoning laws and regulations prevent development in areas where wildfires may
occur.
d.
Yes; climate change resulting in higher atmospheric temperatures is a significant
contributor to the possibility of wildfires occurring.
e.
No; wildland fire suppression techniques are very sophisticated, so wildfire poses
little danger in modern times.
Question 17
2 out of 2 points
Mediterranean climate zones occur
Selected
Answer:
a.
all of these
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
in southern Australia.
c.
along the west coast of the United States.
d.
along the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
e.
in southern Africa.
Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Referring to the figure below, what is the Standardized Precipitation-Evaporation Index based on?
Selected
Answer:
a.
the amount of water lost from the ground and plants versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
Answers:
a.
the amount of water lost from the ground and plants versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
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b.
all of these
c.
none of these
d.
the amount of surface water lost to evaporation versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
e.
the amount of ground moisture lost to evaporation versus the amount of water
supplied by precipitation
Question 19
2 out of 2 points
Drought
is a term that describes a deficiency of freshwater in a region of a duration long enough to
Selected
Answer:
e.
all of these
Answers:
a.
none of these
b.
affect human health and human activities.
c.
harm natural vegetation and crops.
d.
harm wildlife and livestock.
e.
all of these
Question 20
2 out of 2 points
One important factor used to define the climate type in a region is related to
Selected
Answer:
c.
the dominant type of vegetation present.
Answers:
a.
elevation.
b.
mean annual precipitation.
c.
the dominant type of vegetation present.
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d.
mean annual temperature.
Question 21
2 out of 2 points
Why are wildfires so common in the state of California?
Selected
Answer:
d.
all of these
Answers:
a.
Long-term drought kills vegetation and dries fuels.
b.
Decades of fire suppression and mismanagement of forests have allowed forest
litter to accumulate.
c.
none of these
d.
all of these
e.
Lush vegetation that grows during wet seasons provides fuel.
Question 22
0 out of 2 points
Heat stroke is the progression from heat exhaustion, and may be manifested by fainting, a very fast
pulse, headache, vomiting, and confusion. Heat stroke occurs when the body temperature rises to
Selected
Answer:
d.
104 °F.
Answers:
a.
102 °F.
b.
105 °F.
c.
101 °F.
d.
104 °F.
e.
103 °F.
Question 23
2 out of 2 points
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The figures below represent the Palmer Drought Severity Index for the United States. The PDSI is
based on
Selected
Answer:
e.
the moisture deficiency at a point in time relative to average local moisture conditions.
Answers:
a.
all of these
b.
the soil moisture at a point in time compared to average local soil moisture values.
c.
none of these
d.
the relative humidity at a point in time compared to average local humidity.
e.
the moisture deficiency at a point in time relative to average local moisture conditions.
Question 24
2 out of 2 points
Mediterranean climates are characterized by
Selected
Answer:
d.
dry summer and wet winter conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
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Answers:
a.
wet spring and dry fall conditions, although wet seasons are less intense than
monsoonal climates.
b.
dry fall and wet spring conditions, although wet seasons are less intense than
monsoonal climates.
c.
dry winter and wet summer conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
d.
dry summer and wet winter conditions, although wet seasons are less intense
than monsoonal climates.
Question 25
0 out of 2 points
The most common cause of wildfire is
Selected
Answer:
d.
lightning strikes.
Answers:
a.
human activity.
b.
unknown causes.
c.
sparks from electrical distribution infrastructure.
d.
lightning strikes.
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