BSC 340 Exam 1 Review
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School
University of Alabama *
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Course
340
Subject
Geography
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
5
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What is the utilitarian approach to natural resource conservation?
Use resources to benefit people
Seals were harvested at a high rate after European colonization. This is an example of:
Intense exploitation
Non-native herbivores were introduced after European colonization. This is an example of:
Change in community composition
The kind of hunting that led to intense exploitation and, in some cases, extinction was:
Market hunting
The passenger pigeon:
Went extinct
Select the practices that were used by indigenous communities
1. Use fire to encourage the growth of useful plant and animal populations
2. Use fire to discourage plant diseases and pests
3. Create a diverse combination of vegetation types on the landscape
4. Use fire to clear underbrush
Coupled human and natural system:
Interactions between marine ecosystems and commercial fishers
Positive feedback loop:
Indigenous depopulation opened opportunities for colonial settlements, creating opportunities for more disease outbreaks
Negative feedback loop:
Effects of an initial change are damped out by subsequent changes, with the result that the system reverts to its original condition
Tipping point:
CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere reach a level leading to a sudden transition between alternate regimes in an ecosystem
National Forests were primarily established to:
Manage timber production
What was the conflict over Hetch Hetchy about?
Creating a reservoir for municipal water
What happened to Hetch Hetchy?
A dam was built to create a reservoir for water and power generation
Gifford Pinchot:
Worked as a forest manager at Biltmore and with the Forest Service
An assemblage of interacting populations of different species is:
Community
Estimating and modeling emperor penguin population trends over time can give scientists information about:
1. What environmental conditions might be affecting emperor penguin populations
2. Whether populations are increasing, stable, or decreasing
3. The number of emperor penguins in different areas
Group of organisms of the same species occupying a defined area during a specific time:
Population
Fill in the blanks in this sentence: (1) can prevent scientists from obtaining (2), so scientists can use (3) from those areas instead and use (4) to estimate additional features about those areas.
1. Weather
2. Ariel photographs
3. Satellite imagery
4. Models
Monitoring emperor penguins can give scientists insights into:
1. Effects of climate change
2. Fish, squid, and krill populations
Nt = N0(e^rt):
Exponential growth equation
Nt = K/(1+(K-N0)/N0)e^-rt):
Logistic growth equation
Match whether or not each attribute makes a species vulnerable:
1. Endemic
2. Large home range
3. Specialist
4. Small population size
5. Large geographic range
6. High reproductive rate
7. High genetic diversity
8. Strong competitor against exotic species
1. Vulnerable
2. Vulnerable
3. Vulnerable
4. Vulnerable
5. Not vulnerable
6. Not vulnerable
7. Not vulnerable
8. Not vulnerable
The competitive exclusion principle states:
Two species cannot occupy the same niche with constant abundances
The population last year was 265,692. During the last year 1,632 died, 2,672 were born, 667 immigrated, 155 emigrated. What is the population size now?
265,692 - 1,632 + 2,672 + 667 - 155
r = 0.5 so we know the population is:
Increasing
When a population experiences density-dependence, which are most likely at high densities?
1. Population growth rate is low
2. Mortality is high
3. Intraspecific competition is high
There is a population of 629. The intrinsic rate of increase is 0.7. The population is:
Increasing
There is a population of 17,658. The intrinsic rate of increase is -0.8. When will the population go below 10,000?
Ln(10,000/17,658)/-0.8
There is a population of 5,771. The intrinsic rate of increase is 1.1. The carrying capacity is 9,266. What will the population size be in 10 years?
9266/(1+((9266-5771)/5771)
exp(-1.1
10))
An ecosystem is a:
System formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with each other and with their physical environment
Habitat is:
The suite of resources and environmental conditions that determine the presence, survival, and reproduction of a population
Alabama has a relatively ________ biodiversity compared to other states in the U.S.
High
Which is a component of habitat?
1. Cover
2. Vegetation
3. Temperature
4. Soil
5. Water
Alabama has a particularly high biodiversity of:
Freshwater turtles
In Alabama, this sector uses the most water:
Thermoelectric
Specialists have a broad range of tolerance:
False
Recreational harvest:
Harvesting for enjoyment and use of the take
Commercial harvest:
Harvesting to earn an income
Subsistence harvest:
Harvesting to acquire needed food
A fully stocked stand is:
A limit on how much of a population can be harvested
MSY stands for:
Maximum sustained yield
Calculating MSY assumes:
1. Logistic growth
2. K is known
3. Harvest does not affect r
Recruitment is the greatest when N =
0.5K
What is a challenge to enforcing harvest regulation?
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1. Weak penalties for violating the regulation
2. Low chance of capture if the regulation is violated
3. Potentially high profit from violating the regulation
The population should be kept at what size to be able to harvest at MSY? K = 50,000
N = 25,000
A population is being harvested. The population is exhibiting compensatory mortality. Should we expect that reducing hunting pressure would help increase the population abundance? Assume the hunting mortality rate is less than C*.
No because mortality from hunting is substituting for natural mortality so the overall mortality rate would not change
Who does Justin work for?
Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources
The Pittman-Robertson Act provides funding to state game and fish agencies from an 11% tax on:
Hunting supplies
There is an Act similar to the Pittman-Robertson Act that taxes supplies for non-consumptive outdoor recreation (bird watching, hiking, etc.)
False
Federal funds for wildlife management are distributed to states based on:
1. Size of the state (land area)
2. The number of hunting licenses sold in the state
Since the 1980s, the number of hunting license holders has:
Decreased
If there are fewer hunting licenses sold in the future, it is expected that there will be _________
money for states to manage wildlife.
Less
When the state manages wildlife, they focus on:
The wildlife population
Indirect habitat modification is:
Promoting or suppressing disturbance to habitat
The region of the U.S. with the highest frequency of lightening strikes is:
Southeast
Some biological communities are adapted to fire:
True
Federal agencies are prohibited from using fire in natural resource management:
False
Which is a common management method to increase deer on a property?
1. Conduct a prescribed burn
2. Thin the forest
3. Plant a food plot
4. Provide supplemental feed
Red-cockaded woodpeckers benefit from:
Artificial cavities
The discipline of biology that studies where habitat occurs and how it is arranged is:
Landscape ecology
Configuration describes:
How habitat is arranged in space
In a timbre cruise, foresters:
Inventory trees
According to Dr. Collins, forestry can be defined as the science and practice of _______ management of forests:
Sustainable