Lab 7
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Georgia State University *
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1401L
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Geography
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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Lab 7: The Value, Use, and Restoration of Ecosystems
ENVS 1401L
Name: Vy Nguyen
Pre-Lab Activity 1.
What is sustainable fishing?
-
Sustainable fishing is a fishing practice that maintains the health and productivity of aquatic ecosystems over the long term while meeting the economic and social needs of current and future generations.
2.
What is subsistence fishing?
-
Subsistence fishing refers to a type of fishing in which individuals or communities capture fish and other aquatic resources primarily to meet their own basic food and livelihood needs.
3.
How can consumers distinguish between sustainable and unsustainable seafood?
-
First, they can find seafood products with labels like MSC (Marine Stewardship Council),
and ASC (Aquaculture Stewardship Council). Moreover, the consumer can also find out where the seafood comes from.
4.
What are sustainable forestry practices?
-
Sustainable forestry practices aim to balance the environmental, social and economic aspects of forest management, ensuring that forests continue to provide valuable resources while remaining healthy. and their integrity for future generations.
I.
(Un)sustainable Fisheries and Consumer Choice
1.
Approximately what percentage of the World Total fish catch was Wild Caught in the year… World total
(million
metric tons)
“World
capture” i.e.
Wild Caught
(million
metric tons)
% Wild
caught of
the World
Total
1950
20
18
9
1985
90
70
77
2000
130
95
73
2012
170
80
47
2.
Compare the amount
and percentage
of wild caught fish in 1985 and 2012. What explains the trends observed across this 27 year period? (2+ complete sentences)
-
In 1985, approximately 77% of the world's total fish catch was wild-caught, whereas by 2012, this percentage had decreased to around 47%. From there we can see that the 1
decrease in the percentage of wild-caught fish from 1985 to 2012 is primarily due to overfishing, the growth of aquaculture, conservation efforts, and technological advancements in the fishing industry.
3.
What are the three types or categories of modern fishing?
-
Commercial fishing
-
Recreational fishing
-
Subsistence fishing
Unsustainable fishing video:
4.
What are two unsustainable fishing methods?
_1/ Bottom trawling
_2/ Dynamite fishing
5.
What are two reasons why the above methods are unsustainable?
_1/ / Bottom trawling: This method involves dragging heavy nets along the ocean floor, causing significant damage to undersea habitats such as coral reefs, seamounts, and benthic ecosystems. Nets can destroy delicate coral structures, disrupt the seabed, and reduce the overall health and biodiversity of affected areas. Moreover, it often results in high levels of bycatch, which includes non-target species like juvenile fish, sea turtles, and seabirds.
_2/ Dynamite fishing: Dynamite explosions not only kill or stun fish but also wreak havoc on coral reefs and underwater habitats. It is also highly indiscriminate, causing widespread collateral damage to marine life.
6.
Write down three additional things you learned or found interesting from this video (in complete sentences).
_1/ Seafood production with different labels
_2/ Eating less seafood and caring about where it from
_3/ Two methods of unsustainable fishing
Is that Seafood Dinner Sustainable?
7.
“Fresh Maine Lobster Roll,” $29.50. Search for Lobster (all) and scroll through all the options as well as read the top “lobster buying guide”. Why may it be hard to tell if the lobster you ordered is harvested sustainably? What is an example of lobster you should buy and an example of lobster you should avoid?
-
It is a challenge to find out which lobster we order is harvested sustainably due to a lot of reasons. Firstly, in many cases, seafood, including lobster, is not adequately labeled to indicate its origin or harvesting method. This makes it difficult for consumers to make informed choices based on sustainability criteria. Moreover, lobsters can pass through 2
complex supply chains, making it difficult to trace their origins and the specific fishing methods used.
-
Lobster we should buy: California spiny lobster caught in California or Caribbean spiny lobster caught in Florida.
-
Lobster we should not buy: American lobster is caught in the US and Canada. Some U.S. lobster fisheries may be certified by the Marine Stewardship Council; however, our Avoid Red rating indicates a high level of concern about the environmental impact of these fisheries.
8.
“Chilean Sea Bass,” $36.50
. Search its real name, “Patagonian Toothfish.
” a)
Where is this fish fished unsustainably (country and body of water) -
The area where Patagonia Toothfish has been fished unsustainably is in the Southern Ocean, particularly in the waters surrounding Antarctica.
b)
What is the fishing gear used to catch this fish unsustainably?
-
The fishing gear most often associated with unsustainable fishing for Patagonian toothfish is longline, especially deep-sea longline.
9.
Choose another seafood item from the dinner menu. According to the database, is it possible that this item was harvested sustainably? If there is at least one “Best choice” or “Certified” option, what body of water/fishing gear is considered sustainable? If there are
no sustainable options, explain.
_ Shrimp is another seafood item where sustainability considerations are important due to the wide range of shrimp farming and harvesting practices. To determine whether shrimp are sustainably harvested, we can look for shrimp products with certifications from reputable organizations like the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) for farmed shrimp or the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) for wild-caught shrimp. Or we can also check out a seafood guide or app that provides information on
which species and sources of shrimp are considered sustainable options.
Sustainable Forestry in Georgia
1.
What is it called when some trees in a stand of forest are cut and others are left intact?
-
Selective logging
2.
Does something like that process happen in nature? Explain.
-
Yes, a process similar to selective logging takes place in nature and is often called natural
or ecological selective logging. In natural ecosystems, many different factors can cause the selective removal of specific trees or groups of trees, and this process is often driven by natural ecological processes.
3.
In complete sentences, what are two things you found interesting or surprising in this video?
_1/ Forest Stewardship program for the last 20 years has developed over 7,000 management plans for forest landowners in Georgia gearing landowners and giving them the proper tools so they can manage for timber wildlife recreation soil and water conservation and also aesthetic value.
_2/ Forestry products combined are the number one export from Georgia’s ports.
3
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