Hutson- GEOL Lab 9.1 and 9.2
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Feb 20, 2024
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PRE-LAB QUESTIONS
1.
If a resource’s rate of consumption is faster than its rate of regeneration, it is known as a
___ resource. Non renewable
2.
___ refers to the type of non-renewable resources that are derived from organisms that inhabited the Earth millions of years ago.
a.
Rare Earth Elements (REEs)
b.
Photovoltaics
c.
Fossil fuels
d.
Coalification
3.
Oil and gas are eventually extracted from ___. These are porous rocks like sandstone.
a.
hydrocarbons
b.
reservoir rocks
c.
tight rocks
d.
source rocks
4.
What does a neutron density log measure? Hydrogen richness
5.
Which of the following are types of solar energy collection? (Select all that apply.)
a.
Solar thermal
b.
Geothermal
c.
Active solar energy
d.
Turbines
e.
PV cells
©2016, eScience Labs
Earth’s Mineral and Energy Resources
EXERCISE 1 DATA SHEET
Table 1. Description of Geophysical Logs
Type of Geophysical Log (Curve)
Description of What the Log Measures
Gamma Ray
measure natural radioactivity
Bulk
Density of the rock
Neutron density
formation H2O and HCO3 as a porosity indicator
Sonic
measures the speed of sound when it travels in the rock
LITHOLOGIES: Lithology 1 (most radioactive): Gamma ray
Lithology 2: Bulk
Lithology 3: Neutron
Lithology 4 (least radioactive): Sonic
©2016, eScience Labs
Earth’s Mineral and Energy Resources
EXERCISE 1 POST-LAB QUESTIONS
1.
On the Well Log, the first track on the left (dashed line) is the caliper, which gives the diameter of the borehole. This is important for recognizing collapsed or “caved” zones (where the caliper line moves to the far right). What numbered sections on your Well Log
correspond to a collapsed/caved reading? Section 4 and 13
2.
What numbered sections have the best reservoir potential, and what rock types correspond with these sections? Explain your reasoning. Section 16. Some factors play into it such as calculating shale, permeability, and porosity. Types of rock that
correspond to the section is sandstone and limestone.
3.
What causes shale zones to have false porosity? False porosity in shale zones found because of their high radioactivity.
4.
What other factors might geologists consider when assessing reservoir potential? (1) reservoir gas producing and storage capacity, (2) fracturing performance, and (3) economic efficiency.
©2016, eScience Labs
Earth’s Mineral and Energy Resources
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EXERCISE 2 DATA SHEET
Table 2. Energy Usage by State
State
BTU per Year
Pounds of Coal per Year
Eastern State 1: Pennsylvania
141,500,000 Btu
14,636 lbs
Eastern State 2: Virginia
162,100,000 Btu
16,767 lbs
Central State 1: North Dakota
283,300,000 Btu
29,303 lbs
Central State 2: Texas
171,600,000 Btu
17,749 lbs
Western State 1: Utah
142,000,000 Btu
14,688 lbs
Western State 2: Arizona 129,600,000 Btu
13,405 lbs
©2016, eScience Labs
Earth’s Mineral and Energy Resources
EXERCISE 2 POST-LAB QUESTIONS
1.
What are the sources of energy on Earth? fossil fuels, hydroelectric, wind energy, biomass, geothermal energy, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
2.
What are the societal impacts of access to energy resources? Renewable sources of energy strongly impact, it can be in different ions, it can be beneficial or prejudicial for society. The resources can help in the development of an individual
or a development for societies, such as health, education, food production, etc... but I personally believe it can be generated issues, since many natural sources, including energy sources can inspired for example to new technology inventions which can be used to commercialize and affect economically different elites. Since
many countries are in disadvantages for poverty or other socioeconomic problems, they can run in disadvantages in the access of it.
3.
What are some of the possible major sources of energy consumption in the locations you selected? Coal, natural gas, hydroelectric, biomass
©2016, eScience Labs
Earth’s Mineral and Energy Resources