Homework 3
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
University of Rhode Island *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
424
Subject
Finance
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by Fatima2218
Homework 3
[Due on Wednesday, November 15, 2023]
Chapter 24
11. Answer the below questions.
(a)
What is meant by systematic risk factors?
Answer:
Systematic risk factors, also known as market risk or undiversifiable risk, refer to the sources
of risk that affect the entire market or a large segment of it. These factors cannot be eliminated through
diversification because they are inherent to the overall market conditions. Systematic risk influences
the entire economy and is beyond the control of individual investors or companies. Common examples
of systematic risk factors include economic recessions, interest rate changes, inflation, political
instability, and natural disasters. Investors need to consider and manage systematic risk when making
investment decisions, as it has the potential to impact a broad range of assets simultaneously.
(b) What is the difference between term structure and non-term structure risk factors?
Answer:
The term structure of risk factors is related to the maturity or time horizon of financial
instruments. In the context of interest rates, it specifically refers to the variation in interest rates across
different maturities of fixed-income securities. For instance, the yield curve represents the term
structure of interest rates, showing the relationship between interest rates and the time to maturity of
debt securities. Changes in the term structure can affect the pricing and performance of fixed-income
securities, influencing investment decisions. Factors such as market expectations of future interest
rates and economic conditions contribute to fluctuations in the term structure. On the other hand, non-
term structure risk factors encompass a broader range of risks that are not directly tied to the maturity
of financial instruments. These risks can include but are not limited to, credit risk, liquidity risk,
market risk, and operational risk. Unlike term structure risk factors, which are more focused on the
time dimension, non-term structure risk factors can impact various aspects of financial markets
simultaneously. Credit risk, for example, is associated with the potential of a borrower defaulting on
debt obligations, and it affects both short and long-term investments. Market risk, including systematic
factors, falls under the category of non-term structure risk as it is not confined to a specific maturity.
17. A portfolio manager owns $5 million par value of bond ABC. The bond is trading at 70 and has
a modified duration of 6. The portfolio manager is considering swapping out of bond ABC and
into bond XYZ. The price of this bond is 85 and it has a modified duration of 3.5.
(a)
What is the dollar duration of bond ABC per 100-basis-point change in yield?
Answer :
Dollar duration of bond ABC = 0.06 * 70= 4.2
Page
1
of
4
(b) What is the dollar duration for the $5 million position of bond ABC?
Answer :
(70/100)5 million =3.5 million
3.5 million x 0.06= 210,000
(c)
How much in market value of bond XYZ should be purchased so that the dollar duration of
bond XYZ will be approximately the same as that for bond ABC?
Answer :
210,000/(3.5/100)=$6,000,000
(d) How much in par value of bond XYZ should be purchased so that the dollar duration of
bond XYZ will be approximately the same as that for bond ABC?
Answer
: 6million /0.85 =7.059 million
26. Suppose that the initial value of an unlevered portfolio of Treasury securities is $200 million
and the duration is 7. Suppose further that the manager can borrow $800 million and invest it
in the identical Treasury securities so that the levered portfolio has a value of $1 billion. What is
the duration of this levered portfolio?
Answer:
Duration = (7 * $200 million) / $1 billion = 1.4years
27. Suppose a manager wants to borrow $50 million of a Treasury security that it plans to
purchase and hold for 20 days. The manager can enter into a reverse repo agreement with a
dealer firm that would provide financing at a 4.2% repo rate and a 2% margin requirement.
What is the dollar interest cost that the manager will have to pay for the borrowed funds?
Answer :
50,000,000 x 0.042 x (20/365)= $ 115,068.49
Chapter 25
6. Why is the tracking error more important than portfolio variance of returns when a portfolio
manager’s performance is measured versus a benchmark?
Answer :
Tracking error takes precedence over portfolio variance when assessing a portfolio manager's
performance against a benchmark because it directly measures the deviation of the portfolio's returns
from the benchmark. Unlike portfolio variance, tracking error isolates the risk associated with active
decisions made by the manager, such as stock selection and asset allocation. Investors are primarily
concerned with the manager's ability to outperform the benchmark, and tracking error provides a
more targeted assessment of this outperformance or underperformance. It facilitates a clear attribution
of performance, helping investors understand the sources of returns and whether they stem from the
manager's skill or broader market movements. Additionally, tracking error aligns with investor
objectives tied to a specific benchmark, making it a more relevant and communicative metric for
Page
2
of
4
evaluating a portfolio manager's success in meeting performance expectations.
(a)
Compute the tracking error from the following information:
Month 2001
Portfolio A’s
Return (%)
Lehman
Aggregate
Bond Index Return
(%)
January
2.15
1.65
February
0.89
–0.10
March
1.15
0.52
April
–0.47
–0.60
May
1.71
0.65
June
0.10
0.33
July
1.04
2.31
August
2.70
1.10
September
0.66
1.23
October
2.15
2.02
November
–1.38
–0.61
December
–0.59
–1.20
Answer :
Month
Portfolio return
benchmark return
Portfolio
return-
benchmark return
Jan
2.15
1.65
0.5
Feb
0.89
-0.1
0.99
Mar
1.15
0.52
0.63
Apr
-0.47
-0.6
0.13
May
1.71
0.65
1.06
Jun
0.1
0.33
-0.23
Jul
1.04
2.31
-1.27
Aug
2.7
1.1
1.6
Sep
0.66
1.23
-0.57
Oct
2.15
2.02
0.13
Nov
-1.38
-0.61
-0.77
Dec
-0.59
-1.2
0.61
Sum
0.0281
mean
0.0023
standard
deviation =
0.83%
tracking error
in basis point
83bps
‘
b. Is the tracking error computed in part (a) a backward-looking or forward-looking tracking
error?
Answer :
a backward looking tracking error
.
14. You are reviewing a report by a portfolio manager that indicates that a fund’s predicted
Page
3
of
4
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
(forward-looking) tracking error is 94.87 basis points. Furthermore, it is reported that the
predicted tracking error due to systematic risk is 90 basis points and the predicted tracking
error due to non-systematic risk is 30 basis points. Why doesn’t the sum of these two tracking
error components total up to 94.87 basis points?
Answer :
The reported tracking error due to systematic risk and non-systematic risk in the fund are distinct
components that represent different sources of risk. The predicted tracking error due to systematic risk
reflects the fund's exposure to overall market conditions or a specific benchmark, while the non-
systematic risk component captures the risk specific to the fund's individual holdings. These components
are not simply additive because they measure different aspects of the fund's risk profile. The sum of the
two components does not equal the overall predicted tracking error, as they provide unique insights into
the various factors contributing to the fund's deviation from its benchmark. In essence, the reported
values underscore that the overall predicted tracking error is a composite of these distinct and non-
additive sources of risk within the fund's portfolio.
Chapter 26
4. What is meant by contribution to spread duration?
Answer:
Contribution to spread duration refers to the impact a particular security or asset has on the overall
spread duration of a portfolio. Spread duration measures the sensitivity of a bond or portfolio to
changes in credit spreads. When analyzing the contribution to spread duration, investors assess how
individual securities influence the overall spread risk of the portfolio. It helps in understanding the
potential impact of changes in credit spreads on the portfolio's value and risk exposure
17. How does a yield-spread pickup trade differ from a credit-upside trade?
Answer:
A yield-spread pickup trade involves investing in securities with higher yield spreads over benchmark
rates, aiming to capture additional yield. This strategy is based on the expectation that the yield
spread will narrow over time, resulting in capital gains. On the other hand, a credit-upside trade
focuses on securities with potential credit improvement. Investors in this trade anticipate that the
credit quality of the securities will improve, leading to an increase in their market value. While both
strategies involve credit considerations, a yield-spread pickup trade primarily seeks higher yield,
while a credit-upside trade looks for potential credit rating upgrades
18. What is the motivation for a new-issue swap trade?
Answer:
The motivation for a new-issue swap trade lies in optimizing a portfolio's risk and return profile. In a
new-issue swap trade, an investor may exchange or swap newly issued securities for existing positions,
aiming to enhance the overall portfolio characteristics. Motivations could include improving yield,
adjusting the portfolio's duration, or managing sector exposures. By participating in a new-issue swap,
investors seek to capitalize on the unique attributes of recently issued securities, taking advantage of
market conditions and evolving investment objectives.
Page
4
of
4
Related Documents
Related Questions
Question 28
The type of the risk that can be eliminated by diversification is called
(A) default risk.
(B) interest rate risk.
c) market risk.
D unique risk.
arrow_forward
Question 4
a) “When choosing the appropriate group of risk factors to include in a multifactor Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model, we must allow for both unsystematic and systematic sources of risk.” Comment on this statement, in no more than 100 words.
arrow_forward
List which of the following statement(s) concerning risk are correct?
1. Nondiversifiable risk is measured by beta.
II. The risk premium increases as diversifiable risk increases.
III. Systematic risk is another name for nondiversifiable risk.
IV. Diversifiable risks are market risks you cannot avoid.
arrow_forward
Moving to another question will save this response.
Quèstion 7
What is the other name for fim-specific risk?
O Systematic risk
O Market risk
O Micro-cap risk
O Undiversifiable risk
O Diversifiable risk
A Moving to another question will save this response.
Mac
20
F3
O00
DO0 F4
esc
F1
F2
#3
2$
2
4
W
E
R
arrow_forward
4.32 Investment risk analysis. The risk of a portfolio of financial
assets is sometimes called investment risk. In general, in-
vestment risk is typically measured by computing the vari-
ance or standard deviation of the probability distribution
that describes the decision maker's potential outcomes
(gains or losses). The greater the variation in potential
outcomes, the greater the uncertainty faced by the decision
maker; the smaller the variation in potential outcomes,
the more predictable the decision maker's gains or losses.
The two discrete probability distributions given in the next
table were developed from historical data. They describe
the potential total physical damage losses next year to the
fleets of delivery trucks of two different firms.
Loss Next Year
SO
500
NW
1,000
1,500
2,000
2.500
Firm A
3.000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
Firm B
Probability Loss Next Year
01
SO 0
.01
200
.01
700
1,200
1,700
2,200
2,700
3.200
3.700
4,200
4,700
30
.01
01
Probability
85984579985
.30
a.…
arrow_forward
D3
arrow_forward
Explain how pure risk has an adverse effect on the economy?
arrow_forward
question 10 ,please qucikly thanks !!
arrow_forward
7.1 Question 1
Which of the following statements about risk-averse investors is most accurate? A risk averse
investor:
A seeks out the investment with minimum risk, while return is not a major consideration.
B will take additional investment risk if sufficiently compensated for this risk.
C avoids participating in global equity markets.
7.2 Question 2
Evidence of risk aversion is best illustrated by a risk-return relationship that is:
A negative.
B neutral.
C positive.
7.3 Question 3
With respect to an investor's utility function expressed as U(F) = E\F] – }¬V« (F), which of
the following values for the measure of risk aversion has the least amount of risk aversion?
A -4.
B 0.
C 4.
arrow_forward
23
arrow_forward
Ford Motors Corporation (F)
General Motors Company (GM)
Which company has a higher:
Systematic Risk?
Total Risk?
Unsystematic Risk?
arrow_forward
Question 6: How can a firm assess risk and how can internal controls systems help minimize the financial risk?
arrow_forward
QUESTION 5
One of the arguments for the irrelevance of exchange rate exposure management is that:
O a. Individual investors cannot hedge exchange rate exposure as effectively as big companies
O b. Foreign exchange markets are perfectly efficient.
O c. Purchasing power parity does not hold.
Od. Cash Flows become less predictable.
O e. Cash flows become more predictable.
QUESTION 6
In a perfectly integrated financial market:
O a. The real risk-adjusted returns of integrated markets should be higher than those of segmented markets
Ob. There are no real risk-adjusted returns since markets are fully integrated.
O C. The real risk-adjusted returns expected to prevail in each country and currency should be equal.
Od. The real risk-adjusted returns should be lower than returns on segmented markets.
O e. The real risk-adjusted returns on integrated markets should be higher than those of segmented markets.
arrow_forward
Current Attempt in Progress
If the expected rate of return for the market is not much greater than the risk-free rate of return, what does this suggest about the
general level of compensation for bearing systematic risk?
B
I U
T₂
T²
Ix
E
=
=
99
3
2.
á
T
T
arrow_forward
Statement 1: Fundamental analysis is superior to technical analysis because it gives accurate measure of thesecurity’s intrinsic value.Statement 2: Both fundamental and technical analysis can only give sensible investment decision.Statement 3: Both fundamental and technical analysis can bring accurate forecast for the future marketperformance when they are used by a security analyst.Statement 4: The end goal of fundamental and technical analysis is to give investors market foresight and forthem to understand factors affecting each security.Statement 5: Both fundamental and technical analysis is both useful but technical analysis can provide betterprice forecasting because information is on hand
a. Only statements 1 and 3 are correct
b. Only statements 2 and 4 are correct
c. Only statements 1 and 2 are correct
d. Only statements 3 and 4 are correct
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Essentials Of Investments
Finance
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,



Foundations Of Finance
Finance
ISBN:9780134897264
Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. William
Publisher:Pearson,

Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...
Finance
ISBN:9781337395250
Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...
Finance
ISBN:9780077861759
Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Related Questions
- Question 28 The type of the risk that can be eliminated by diversification is called (A) default risk. (B) interest rate risk. c) market risk. D unique risk.arrow_forwardQuestion 4 a) “When choosing the appropriate group of risk factors to include in a multifactor Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model, we must allow for both unsystematic and systematic sources of risk.” Comment on this statement, in no more than 100 words.arrow_forwardList which of the following statement(s) concerning risk are correct? 1. Nondiversifiable risk is measured by beta. II. The risk premium increases as diversifiable risk increases. III. Systematic risk is another name for nondiversifiable risk. IV. Diversifiable risks are market risks you cannot avoid.arrow_forward
- Moving to another question will save this response. Quèstion 7 What is the other name for fim-specific risk? O Systematic risk O Market risk O Micro-cap risk O Undiversifiable risk O Diversifiable risk A Moving to another question will save this response. Mac 20 F3 O00 DO0 F4 esc F1 F2 #3 2$ 2 4 W E Rarrow_forward4.32 Investment risk analysis. The risk of a portfolio of financial assets is sometimes called investment risk. In general, in- vestment risk is typically measured by computing the vari- ance or standard deviation of the probability distribution that describes the decision maker's potential outcomes (gains or losses). The greater the variation in potential outcomes, the greater the uncertainty faced by the decision maker; the smaller the variation in potential outcomes, the more predictable the decision maker's gains or losses. The two discrete probability distributions given in the next table were developed from historical data. They describe the potential total physical damage losses next year to the fleets of delivery trucks of two different firms. Loss Next Year SO 500 NW 1,000 1,500 2,000 2.500 Firm A 3.000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 Firm B Probability Loss Next Year 01 SO 0 .01 200 .01 700 1,200 1,700 2,200 2,700 3.200 3.700 4,200 4,700 30 .01 01 Probability 85984579985 .30 a.…arrow_forwardD3arrow_forward
- Explain how pure risk has an adverse effect on the economy?arrow_forwardquestion 10 ,please qucikly thanks !!arrow_forward7.1 Question 1 Which of the following statements about risk-averse investors is most accurate? A risk averse investor: A seeks out the investment with minimum risk, while return is not a major consideration. B will take additional investment risk if sufficiently compensated for this risk. C avoids participating in global equity markets. 7.2 Question 2 Evidence of risk aversion is best illustrated by a risk-return relationship that is: A negative. B neutral. C positive. 7.3 Question 3 With respect to an investor's utility function expressed as U(F) = E\F] – }¬V« (F), which of the following values for the measure of risk aversion has the least amount of risk aversion? A -4. B 0. C 4.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Essentials Of InvestmentsFinanceISBN:9781260013924Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,
- Foundations Of FinanceFinanceISBN:9780134897264Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. WilliamPublisher:Pearson,Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...FinanceISBN:9781337395250Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. HoustonPublisher:Cengage LearningCorporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...FinanceISBN:9780077861759Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Essentials Of Investments
Finance
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,



Foundations Of Finance
Finance
ISBN:9780134897264
Author:KEOWN, Arthur J., Martin, John D., PETTY, J. William
Publisher:Pearson,

Fundamentals of Financial Management (MindTap Cou...
Finance
ISBN:9781337395250
Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Joel F. Houston
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i...
Finance
ISBN:9780077861759
Author:Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. Admin., Jeffrey Jaffe, Bradford D Jordan Professor
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education