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Calculate Marriott’s WACC and Company’s Division WACC
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CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
2
Introduction
The short and long-term success of an organization hinges deeply on its ability to manage
debt and equity. Investors oft evaluate the weighted average cost of capital metric which provides insight into the rate at which a firm is expected to remit dividends or payments to its security holders. The payments are used in financing the assets with the primal emphasis being drawn on the blended cost incurred for capital across all sources. Practitioners highlight that the percentage of total capital is used to weigh the cost of every type of capital after which they are added together. The subsequent essay presents an expository analysis into Marriott Corporation's WACC under the auspice of the thesis that the firm's operations are low risk since it generates enough return to neutralize any risks.
Analysis
The WACC calculation process is multi-pronged with every step contributing to the final outcome. The initial step is the identification of the
equity
which serves as the target debt-equity ratio. The formula used for the calculation is shown below:
Equity = [1 + (1-TC) Debt/Equity]
unlevered
The cost of equity was determined by adding the relevered, risk free rate multiplied by the risk premium to get a value of 19.35%. The cost of debt, on the other hand, was derived from
adding the risk free rate of 8.75% with the debt premium and estimated tax rate of 1.30% and 44.10% to get a value of 19.35% as shown in exhibit A.
When estimating the
equity,
the researcher noted that the cost of debt
was 10.02% which was derived from adding the risk free rate (10 year government bond) at 8.72% and the debt
CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
3
premium above government bond at 1.30%. The debt/equity was aggregated from multiplying the debt at a weight of 41% against the cost of capital added to the equity at 10.02% and 59% respectively. Thereafter, the outcome was multiplied by the cost of capital for equity at 19.35% as shown below which brings the corporate WACC to 13.71%.
WACC= (1-44.10%)*41%*10.02%+59%*19.35%
=13.71
The company has three major divisions namely the lodging, contract services and restaurant chains. A similar calculation scheme for the WACC was applied for the lodging division with the debt and equity being set at 56.75 and 43% against a cost of capital of 10.02% and 22.19% respectively. The cost of equity was calculated by summing the Relevered with the risk free rate multiplied by risk premium while the cost of debt was derived from summing the risk free rate of 8.72% with the risk premium of 7.43%. The market leverage for the lodging was derived from calculating the average for companies using the equity beta and collective market leverage data ergo getting a value of 56.75% and an average of 1.09. The WACC for the lodging is shown in the calculation below:
WACC= (1-44.10%)*56.75%*10.02%+43%*22.19%
=15.55%
The restaurants division, on the other hand, had a weighted debt and equity of 10.80% and 89.20%. The cost of capital for the equity was gained from adding the risk free rate with the Relevered BL after which the values were multiplied by a risk premium of 7.43% which was viewed as the spread between composite returns and long term US government returns.
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CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
4
Thereafter the cost of debt was summated using the predefined calculations. It is imperative to note that the market leverage was the average of 4%, 10%, 6%, 1%, 23% and 21% respectively which are numbers derived from various restaurants like Church’s Fried Chicken, Collins Food International, Frisch’s Restaurants, Luby’s Cafeterias, McDonalds and Wendy’s International.
WACC= (1-44.10%)*10.80%*10.52%+89.20%*21.08%
=19.44%
Suffice to say that a good chunk of the data on the contract was null although the division
had a WACC of 8.80%. The debt and equity weights were set at 40% and 60% while the cost of capital fell at 10.12% and 14.12% respectively. The target D/E was derived from dividing 0.4 by 0.6 to get a value of 0.67. The Relevered BL was calculated as shown below:
(1.43-51.00%*1.81-16%*1.66)/33%
=0.73
The risk free rate was set at 7.43% and the risk premium at 7.43% to bring the cost of equity to 14.12%. The WACC calculation is shown below:
WACC= (1-44.10%)*40%*10.12%+60%*14.12%
=10.74%
Conclusion In due summation, Marriott’s WACC was at 13.71 which is moderate considering the industry and market conditions. The data highlights that the restaurants, lodging and contract
CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
5
services divisions all generated a WACC of 19.44%, 12.78% and 10.74% respectively. The restaurant division has a higher WACC which is an indication that its operations have a higher risk compared to others which can undermine investor confidence.
Exhibit A
Marriott Corporation WACC
Weight
Cost of Capital
CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
6
Debt
41%
10.02%
Equity
59%
19.35%
WACC
13.71341602744%
Target D/E
1.5
Market Leverage (D/V)
41%
βL
0.97
βU
0.57
Relevered βL
1.43
Risk free Rate (10 year government bond rate)
8.72%
Risk Premium 7.43%
Cost of Equity
19.35%
Risk-free Rate (10 year government bond rate)
8.72%
Debt Premium above Gov Bond
1.30%
Estimated Tax Rate
44.10%
Cost of Debt
10.02%
Exhibit B
Lodging
WACC
Weight
Cost of Capital
Debt
56.75%
10.02%
Equity
43%
22.19%
WACC
12.78%
Target D/E
2.85
Market Leverage (D/V)
56.75%
βL
1.09
βU
0.47
Relevered βL
1.81
Risk free Rate (10 year government bond rate)
8.72%
Risk Premium 7.43%
Cost of Equity
22.19%
Risk free Rate (10 year government bond rate)
8.72%
Debt Premium above Gov Bond
1.30%
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CALCULATE MARRIOTT’S WACC AND COMPANY’S DIVISION WACC
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Estimated Tax Rate
44.10%
Cost of Debt
10.02%
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