Grace Jacob Mazzara Research Project Draft 1
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The Effects of Technology on Student Literacy Rates
Jacob P. Mazzara
Central Michigan University
English 201: Intermediate Composition Dr. Barco
October 19th, 2023
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Abstract
The purpose of this project is to discuss how the use of technology throughout the
years have been implemented into the education system. This has begun a new generation of learners coming into the classroom more and more every year. With new and better technology, and with the learners ability to find any piece of information in seconds. How can it be that the literacy rates continue to fall in the United States? IThe key in this project is to balance the positives and the negatives that have come with implementation into the classroom. To then see graphical representations from the National Center for Education Statistics
of the declining rates in Literacy rates stemming from 1979 - 2012. Keywords:
Technology, Positives, Negatives, Literacy, Decline
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Introduction
As far back as you can probably find. Technology has always found a way to be implemented into the daily learning environment. Thus classrooms across the United States continue to look towards new and better technology to help their students learn more efficiently and effectively. It
begs the question of if technology has thousands of uses and endless positives for it. Then why since 1979 up to 2012 and continuing into the modern day do literacy rates continue to decline? Through graphical statistics found from The
National Center for Education Statistics you will be
able to see how literacy rates have slightly increased throughout the years leading up to 2012. After that year though, the main issue arises with a sudden increase in technology in the classroom as to a continuation of plummeting literacy rates affecting every day students across the nation. Technology: Helping Teachers and Students Alike
Technology continues to grow every single day. With this, comes the complex relationship of technology in the classroom. Technology has been a way for teachers and students to be better equipped for whatever task may lie ahead for them. Thus, teaching has been able to especially better assist in how it has been utilized in the classroom. Some teachers have found to help them when it comes to helping students assist students with disabilities. Some things that technology has been able to assist in for students with disabilities include assisted learning with ADHD, Dyslexia, etc. Students have been to have better literacy comprehension and reading speeds. This has given teachers the ability and students alike to think outside of the box. Teachers
have found ways to utilize apps that make the learning more interactive and interesting. Technology has assisted kids in staying more focused and engaged in reading. With this benefit
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kids and students across the United States have been able to make better connections to the material they have been learning about. Another great benefit that has assisted kids with technology and learning has come from game based learning. Being able to create that connection between students and learning through gaming has seen a lot of positive interaction with learning and reading and writing. Technology Implementation Throughout the Years After learning about all these positives, most would think that there could not be any downfalls as a study stemming from The Center For Education Statistics, showing the dates from 1979 - present day has shown the declining literacy rates in students across the nation.
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As can be seen in the graph above. The literacy rates in Reading and Mathematics have generally had small declines but for the most part stayed even or even had slight increases. So why is it that in 2012 the literacy rates in both reading and mathematics have taken this sharp decrease in students. There are plenty of statistics to back showing that technology has been the common theme in lower literacy rates among students.
The National Center for Education Statistics has even conducted interviews with children
stating that within that past year or two of 2021-2022 those children have had an experience with
remote learning in the classroom. This has caused a potential strain as students at that point do not have direct access to a teacher for help. This could potentially be one of the many issue surrounding the implementation of technology in the classroom. These statistics can be showing in the graph below.
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With students coming in at an alarming 54% of students showing that they had access to a computer or laptop. This should come as a concern for how it is affecting the next generation of learners. Some experts in the technology field that go by the names of Rehmat Ullah and Ahmad Ali have found some negative things that have contributed to the falling decline in student literacy rates
I.
Student Laziness
One of the first things they were able to find among students was the lack of effort and care among learners. Through research they were able to find that students had become too reliant on technology and that the creativity in students' work was not there. Students have started to lose the essential ability to have the “think outside the box” type mentality.
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II.
Student Disconnect
Through the use of technology it has been found that technology has the ability to deteriorate students' abilities to effectively communicate in reading and writing. It unfortunately has led to the connection between real world learning and online learning. It has show the potential to cause social and behavioral issues among students. References
National Center for Education Statistics. (2022). The NCES Fast Facts Tool provides quick answers to many education questions (National Center for Education Statistics)
. National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Home Page, a part of the U.S. Department of Education. https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=38
Ali, A., & Ullah, R. (2023, June 20). 10+ positive and negative impacts of technology on students " hubvela
. Hubvela. https://hubvela.com/hub/technology/positive-negative-
impacts/students/
Chavous, K. (2022, December 7). How is technology impacting literacy?
. eSchool News. https://www.eschoolnews.com/innovative-teaching/2021/06/14/how-is-technology-
impacting-literacy/
Bandura, R., & Leal, E. I. M. (2022, July 22). The Digital Literacy Imperative
. CSIS. https://www.csis.org/analysis/digital-literacy-imperative