lab-5-phyiscs-mandatory-lab-5-report
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Lab 5 Phyiscs - Mandatory Lab 5 report
Introductory Physics I (Athabasca University)
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Lab 5 Phyiscs - Mandatory Lab 5 report
Introductory Physics I (Athabasca University)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
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Introduction
When one object collides into another object of the same mass that was at rest, the objects will collide and either bounce away from each other or the first object will transfer its energy onto the second object moving it forward (elastic or non-elastic collision). Regardless of which direction the objects go after the initial collision the net energy must remain the same. This concept in physic is based on the conservation of energy meaning that the net initial energy must equal the final energy (after collision). P
ix
= P
fx
(initial energy on the X axis = final energy on X axis) This is also true for the y axis. The purpose of this experiment is to test this theory by colliding one ball into another of the same mass to see if the energy is conserved and to determine which directions the balls go after collision. Method and Materials Measuring tape
Camera Two small balls of the same mass
Two small balls of the same mass were set up on a level surface, Ball one (orange ball) was then pushed into ball 2 (white and back ball) which was position about 20 cm away from the
orange ball. The collision of the balls was recorded and imported into tracker software to analyze
the movement of the balls. Figure 1 shows the set up of the balls before collision. This study source was downloaded by 100000806216617 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2022 22:37:02 GMT -05:00
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Figure 1shows the set up of the balls before they collide/ Results Ball 1 collided into ball 2 with an initial velocity of 0.654 m/s the total velocity of the balls after collision was 0.290 m/s. The direction of ball 1 was 77.6 degrees West of North and ball 2 was 13.1 degrees East of North. Graph 1 shows ball 1 moving along the x axis before colliding with the second ball. Graph 2 shows ball 1s movement along the x axis after it collides with ball 2. Graph 3 shows ball 1s movement along the y axis after it collides with ball 2. Graphs
4 and 5 show balls movement along the x and y axis after collision, respectively. Graph 1 shows the data collected from tracker software the balls movement is show in displacement (m) vs time (s).
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Graph 2 shows ball one after colliding with stationary ball 2 along the x axis Graph 3 shows movement vs time of ball one colliding with stationary ball 2 along the y axis This study source was downloaded by 100000806216617 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2022 22:37:02 GMT -05:00
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Graph 4 shows the moment of ball 2 along the x axis after being bumped by ball 1 Graph 5 shows the movement of ball 2 along the y axis after having been bumped by ball 1 This study source was downloaded by 100000806216617 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2022 22:37:02 GMT -05:00
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Discussion Based on the data produced from the graphs, and the line fit equation (y=A*t + B) it can be deduced that A= Velocity (m/s). So, the velocities after the collision were determined for each axis, based on this information the total velocity can then be calculated. The velocity of ball one on the x-axis was recorded to be 0.09121 m/s and the velocity on the y-axis was 0.1080. For ball 2 the velocity x was 0.1482 m/s and for y 0.01566 m/s. The total velocity for ball 1 was 0.141 m/s 77.6 degrees North of West in the video we can see the ball collide with the stationary ball and bounce back in the North of West direction. Ball 2’s total velocity was 0.149 m/s 13.1 degrees North of East. The velocities for each ball were then added (see calculation in appendix) for a total of 0.290 m/s. It makes sense that the balls speed would have decreased rolling on a carpet floor. If the kinetic co-efficient for a rubber ball on carpet was known, then then friction could be accounted for based on the mass of the ball and the friction created by rolling the ball. The friction would slow down the ball causing the speed to decrease. This collision was likely an
inelastic collision since the net kinetic energy was transferred into another type of energy. Overall based on what has been discovered about the conservation of energy, it can be deduced that the energy is still conserved even though there was a decrease in speed. The energy was likely transferred into an energy form other than momentum. The limitations in this experiment were the balls used, had I had access to a ball with a harder outside I believe it would have been easier to calculate the change in speed and could have created an elastic collision. Also, the surface for the experiment being carpet created a lot of
friction which slowed down the balls. Had I been able to use a smoother surface there would have been less friction slowing down the balls. The other source of error would be that equation 5.3 and 5.4 are only true for a perfectly elastic collision since this experiment resulted in an This study source was downloaded by 100000806216617 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2022 22:37:02 GMT -05:00
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inelastic collision the results of the angles may not be accurate, although based on visual interpretation of the video the angles were reasonable. Since no largescale impacts are perfectly elastic the equations results would have a margin of error. Question 1: This study source was downloaded by 100000806216617 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2022 22:37:02 GMT -05:00
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