ENG101_EE_-Intro to Electrical Circuits_SP24
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Apr 3, 2024
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ENG-101
Names: _____________________________________________________________________
Introduction to Electrical Circuits
Open the Circuit Construction Kit simulator (CCK)
. Start with the Intro mode
. Instructions: Complete this worksheet with your partner. Each of you should “build” the
circuits on your own computer, but each of you must upload to Blackboard a copy of
your team’s completed worksheet. I. Observing voltage relationships in batteries
Drag out three batteries onto the workspace. Measure the voltage of each using the voltmeter
(also drag out from right side) and record the voltages for each battery configuration in the table
below. Move the batteries end to end as below to measure combined voltage. Battery Configuration
Voltage (V) 1
2
3
1+2
1+2+3
1.
Write a mathematical expression that relates the number of batteries (n) and the voltage (V) based on the data in the table above.
2.
Sometimes in engineering we build models based on incomplete data. It is important to test
any model you create! You should test both for the number of batteries as well as the
battery voltage. (You can change the battery voltage by clicking on the battery). Run several
tests, recording your data in an organized table. (Click Insert → Table). Is your model
accurate? If not, revise it in the space below. 3.
Why do you think many devices require more than one battery? What advantages do having
multiple batteries add?
ENG-101
II. A simple lightbulb circuit
Use the Circuit Construction Kit simulator to build a circuit with a battery, light bulb, and switch.
(Click the refresh button in the bottom right corner to reset the simulation.)
1.
Paste a screenshot of your completed circuit below, make sure the switch is closed and the lightbulb is illuminated! 2.
Use the voltmeter to measure the voltage of the lightbulb and battery. (Make sure you place the red probe on the same side for each measurement -- e.g., electrons flow from black probe to red probe.) How does the voltage of the battery compare to the light bulb voltage? Explain what you think is happening.
ENG-101
3.
Use the ammeter (drag from right side of simulator) to measure the current in the circuit. Then, use Ohm's Law (V=IR) to calculate the resistance of the lightbulb. Write your current measurement and calculated lightbulb resistance below: 4.
Click on the lightbulb, does the resistance match what you predicted? Change the resistance of the lightbulb. What happens to the current and voltage? 5.
Vary the voltage of the battery by clicking on the battery. Write down your observations about how the brightness is affected by voltage. 6.
Think about a real light bulb and battery. What is happening that causes the changes in brightness?
7.
Change the voltage of the battery back to 9V. Calculate the power (recall Power = Voltage * Current) of the lightbulb. How does power usage correspond with brightness?
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ENG-101
III. Multiple light bulbs
Move to “Lab” mode (at the bottom of the screen) so you can use multiple ammeters (one next
to each bulb) in the following exercise. 1.
Use the CCK simulator again to build the circuits below with a battery at 12 volts and some
light bulbs. Build all three circuits so that they are on the screen at the same time. Use the
voltmeter and ammeter to measure voltage and current. Record bulb brightness with
descriptive language in the table below.
# of
bulbs
Battery
voltage (V)
Current out
of battery (A)
Current at
light bulbs (A)
Brightness of bulbs
1
2
3
2.
Summarize the relationships you observed and explain what you think is happening.
3.
Test to see if changing the battery voltage causes you to modify any of your conclusions. Explain what you measured and any conclusions you draw from your tests.
ENG-101
4.
Test using the voltmeter or ammeter in different ways. For example: Does it matter if you take the reading on the left or right of the battery? Switch the meter ends? Describe your tests and results. 5.
Write a mathematical relationship that relates the V
battery
, V
bulb
, and N (# of bulbs) in this configuration of a circuit (this is known as putting elements in series) 6.
Write a mathematical relationship that relates the I
battery
, I
bulb
, and N (# of bulbs) in this configuration of a circuit (this is known as putting elements in series) Now we will repeat this experiment, but in a different orientation for the lightbulbs (parallel)
ENG-101
# of
bulbs
Battery
voltage (V)
Current out
of battery(A)
Current into
light bulb (A)
Brightness of bulbs
1
2
3
7.
Summarize the relationships you observed and explain what you think is happening.
8.
Test to see if changing the battery voltage causes you to modify any of your conclusions. Explain what you measured and any conclusions you draw from your tests.
9.
Test using the voltmeter or ammeter in different ways. For example: Does it matter if you take the reading on the left or right of the battery? Switch the meter ends? Describe your tests and results. 10. Write a mathematical relationship that relates the V
battery
, V
bulb
, and N (# of bulbs) in this configuration of a circuit (this is known as putting elements in parallel) 11. Write a mathematical relationship that relates the I
battery
, I
bulb
, and N (# of bulbs) in this configuration of a circuit (this is known as putting elements in parallel)
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