Drama Reading Journal
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Drama Reading Journal
Raphael Estrada
ENGLISH_102_19312FA23P
Aurora Reynoso
27
th
November 2023
Drama Reading Journal: Trifles
1.
The kitchen of the uninhabited home by John Wright functions as the stage. An untidy
work area and soiled cookware, among other unfinished duties, contribute to a
melancholy ambiance within the culinary space. A desolate ambiance is generated due to
the frigid and disorderly environment. As more details regarding the crime are revealed,
the protagonists experience a transformation in disposition and an increase in unease.
2.
While Mr. Hale engages in an extensive discourse on various matters, Mrs. Hale and Mrs.
Peters, two ladies, stand at the entrance to the kitchen. The visual representation of the
gender divide is their location. The investigation initially marginalises women, which was
customary during that time period.
3.
Minnie Foster was a vivacious and extroverted individual prior to her matrimonial union.
Her present conduct suggests that matrimony might have exacerbated her condition. Her
sentiments of isolation and despair may have been exacerbated by her marriage to John
Wright, according to the evidence.
4.
John Wright is the epitome of an individual who is emotionally distant and emotionless.
The play suggests that his emotionally distant and authoritarian stance may have
influenced Minnie, his spouse, to consider committing murder against him. Their
marriage's oppressive and difficult nature is likely a contributing factor to the issue.
5.
The males are oblivious to the signals because they are incapable of comprehending the
importance of ostensibly trivial domestic matters. The women come to understand the
importance of minor details that they previously disregarded in the kitchen as a result of
their heightened consciousness regarding their gender roles and Minnie's difficulties.
6.
The deceased avian and the domicile both symbolise Minnie's concealed past and her
thwarted aspirations for a brighter tomorrow. Both Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters were
moved to tears by their deep concern for Minnie's suffering and isolation. Minnie's
personal experience of being driven to the bottom of her existence is symbolised by a
deceased avian. A spectrum of emotions may pass through the reader as they develop
sympathy for Minnie.
7.
In an effort to safeguard Minnie, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters resolved to remain silent
regarding the evidence suggesting that the humid weather had an exacerbating effect on
her offence. They are demonstrating their solidarity with Minnie and their disapproval of
the gender bias prevalent in the legal profession by choosing this path. It is up to the
individual to determine whether they ought to have been truthful in order to protect
Minnie's reputation or to assist the legal system.
8.
The men's conduct and words reveal a contemptuous disregard for the women; they
disregard them as if they have nothing of value to contribute to the investigation. This
demonstrates the dominant beliefs and customs regarding gender roles during the time
period depicted in the drama.
9.
By removing Mr. and Mrs. Wright from the stage, Glaspell transfers the focus from the
victims and their families to the police officers and their reactions to the murder scene. As
an alternative to directly confronting the accused, spectators may form opinions
influenced by the emotions and thoughts of the characters. This serves as an illustration
of how cultural norms and gender roles can influence individuals.
10. As fresh information regarding the crime and Mrs. Wright emerges, opinions regarding
her do indeed change. The males view her as a dubious individual. As the women learn of
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her deplorable living conditions, her character gains more depth and empathetic qualities;
they start to perceive her as a victim.
11. Given that the word "knot" can refer to both the fibres Minnie has woven together and the
ties of affection and secrets, the final statement, "We call it—knot it, Mr. Henderson,"
appears to be an allusion. The tone of Mrs. Hale's voice appears to convey both defiance
and defence. This statement's formulation suggests that the women are attempting to
conceal something from the men. Some may develop sympathy for the women due to
their own capacity for empathy.
12. The term "Trifles" suggests that ordinary objects may, in a peculiar way, provide the
means to decipher the homicide. "A Jury of Her Peers" suggests an in-depth exploration
of the thoughts and viewpoints of the women. Both title effectively communicate the
dramatic work's narrative. Potential alternative approaches encompass "Hidden Realities"
and "Silent Justice," both of which focus on critical yet occasionally disregarded facets of
an investigation.
Drama Journal: A Doll's House Act I
1.
The majority of the time, the term "dollhouse" evokes images of adorable miniature
dwellings that evoke fond childhood memories. This is supported by the manner in which
the Helmers' home is portrayed in Act I of the drama. It appears as though the occupant
of the spotless and tastefully organised room has nothing to worry about from the
exterior. Regardless, as the play progresses, the dollhouse's flawless exterior gradually
deteriorates, exposing its concealed flaws and complexities.
2.
Depending on the context and nature of the relationship, such affectionate nicknames
might be perceived as endearing or even juvenile by some individuals. According to the
play, Helmer's use of Nora's names indicates that he is condescending and behaving
childishly towards her. Nora's amicable reply implies her concurrence with these
regulations, potentially to preserve harmony in their partnership or to conform to societal
standards of a compliant spouse.
3.
Nora is initially portrayed as a cheerful, laid-back, and somewhat naive individual. Her
extravagant Christmas celebrations, purchasing tendencies, and humorous exchanges
with Helmer all contribute to the perception that she is carefree and somewhat reliant.
Her endearing persona obscures the fact that she appears infantile and incapable of
maintaining her own well-being. Nora challenges the societal conventions of her era
through her refusal to conform to the expectations of a typical unmarried adult woman.
4.
Nora conceals the macaroons in her pocket while fabricating that she has indulged in
desserts and costly purchases. She may be deceiving society into believing that she is
flawless and content in order to conform to its conception of the ideal wife. The potential
presence of a power dynamic within Nora and Helmer's marital union could be inferred
from her reluctance to acknowledge having deceived.
5.
In the late 1800s, attitudes towards gender roles and standards were reflected in Act I.
While Helmer earns a living through employment outside the household, Nora fulfils her
customary responsibilities as a devoted and compliant spouse. The play underscores the
prevailing social and economic conventions of its era through its examination of the
male-dominated family unit and the restricted autonomy granted to women.
6.
Mrs. Linde is more mature, practical, and accountable than Nora, which makes her an
ideal person to hold Nora up to. In contrast to Nora, who exhibits lethargy and haste, Mrs.
Linde demonstrates intelligence and composure. The adversity and adaptations Mrs.
Linde undergoes aid the audience in comprehending Nora's character and the societal
expectations imposed on women. Additionally, these indicate how isolated Nora's
existence was.
7.
Nora submitted a false loan application under the guise of her father. She took the actions
she did in order to raise funds for the medical expenses of her spouse. Regardless of how
effective her plans were, the forgery is illegal. Is her action okay? That is an individual
inquiry that varies among specific individuals. Despite the fact that some individuals may
feel pity for her, others may consider the forgery to be immoral.
8.
At the conclusion of the first act, Nora is "pale with terror" due to her dread that the truth
will be revealed about her deception. Fear increases when Nora's debtor Krogstad
appears, as he is privy to the secret. It paves the way for the subsequent acts of action by
instilling anxiety and dread in individuals who ponder being observed.
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Drama Journal: A Doll's House Act II
1.
It is currently as if Nora is in a Christmas tree; there are no ornaments adorning it, and the
frayed branches are adorned with the severed ends of the lights. Similar to Nora's
existence. Once aesthetically pleasing and brimming with life, the tree is now lifeless and
barren. This artistic creation implies that the celebration-filled exterior is on the verge of
disintegrating into a sombre and unsettling ambiance.
2.
In the performance, Doctor Rank serves multiple functions. Because he is friendly with
the Helmers, Nora is permitted to converse with him. His significance transcends the
present narrative as he embodies the consequences of societal regulations and ethical
judgement. Upon Doctor Rank's declaration of love to Nora, the play delves further into
the motifs of concealed desires and candid revelations. Already intricate relationships are
further confounded by this.
3.
To achieve a more regulated and illuminated atmosphere, Nora is resolute in her
determination to admit light. Light symbolises the quest for comprehension and the
pursuit of the truth in this circumstance. Nora is determined to confront and expose the
truth by illuminating everything, including any negative aspects that may have been
concealed in secrecy. Ibsen may be stating that the Helmers' house has an impeccable
exterior, but in order to arrive at a conclusion, inner truths and secrets must be disclosed.
4.
The letter terminating Krogstad was written by Helmer out of pride, the desire to
maintain his social standing, and a strong sense of morality. As Helmer is concerned
about Krogstad, Nora makes an effort to persuade him against being fired. In contrast,
Helmer considers Krogstad to be a disgrace and views his dismissal as his sole recourse.
Helmer's decision demonstrates his rigidity and inability to consider alternative
perspectives, particularly with regard to others' health.
5.
Nora's inclination to "rip them in a million pieces" reflects her sentiments regarding the
societal obligations and pressures that have been imposed upon her. The carnival masks
symbolise the façade she is obligated to present, the societal pressures she experiences,
and the performance she must sustain. During periods of melancholy, Nora yearns to
remove these facades and simply be herself, unconcerned with the opinions of others.
Through his attention on this figure, Ibsen illustrates how societal norms restrict
individuals' capacity to be authentic.
6.
These two hypotheses could potentially account for Nora's rugged tarantella technique.
Possible justification: safeguarding her health against the detrimental consequences of
societal norms and restrictions. Conversely, it may imply that Nora is subject to the
control of her spouse and societal norms, a circumstance that causes her distress. The
dance manifests itself as a physical manifestation of her innermost desires for
independence. Furthermore, Nora's harsh dance may serve as a mechanism through
which she expresses the pent-up wrath and hatred that has been accumulating within her,
challenging the boundaries of her repressed emotions.
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Drama Journal: A Doll's House Act III
1.
Mrs. Linde is prepared to "risk everything" for Krogstad because she perceives a second
chance to live a meaningful life and an opportunity to make amends in his eyes. She is
profoundly lonely and void due to the loss of loved ones and uncertainty regarding the
future. She desires to labour for Krogstad in order to provide a secure and affectionate
environment for Krogstad's children, as well as to attain happiness and companionship.
2.
Mrs. Linde values Krogstad's decision to allow Torvald to read the letter, as she believes
it will assist the Helmers in confronting the reality of their matrimonial situation if they
are made aware of Nora's deceit. Mrs. Linde is cognizant of the Helmers' complex
relationship and holds the conviction that disclosing their concealed issues will facilitate
their recovery. She views this as an opportunity to develop a genuine solution,
notwithstanding the temporary disruption it may cause.
3.
The distinction in comprehension and communication between Helmers and Linde is
exemplified through Krogstad's interaction with Mrs. Linde. Mrs. Linde and Krogstad are
extremely close due to the fact that they have both had to make difficult decisions and
sacrifices in the past. While Krogstad and Mrs. Linde had a genuine and sentimental
bond, the Helmers' matrimonial union is founded upon superficial justifications and
adherence to societal conventions.
4.
Helmer's accusation is humorous due to the fact that he regards Nora as if she were a
puppet in the play, expecting her to abide by the rules and perform her role. Motivated by
her yearning for autonomy and self-exploration, Nora endeavours to depart from a life
that treats her with servitude. Helmer's statement demonstrates that his denial of Nora's
distinctiveness contradicts his assertion that she is attempting to deceive him.
5.
This issue remains significant at this time. Nora defies societal conventions that restrict
women to performing conventional household tasks by asserting her humanity prior to
undertaking those responsibilities. The subject of discourse surrounding the clash
between personal values and established conventions continues to be prevalent,
particularly in regards to gender roles. Ibsen revisits an enduringly significant motif in "A
Doll's House": the impact that duty and freedom have on an individual's self-perception.
6.
Helmer's attempts are rejected by Nora because she is aware that their marriage lacks
depth. Her personal development and contentment have been impeded, in her opinion, by
the Helmers' implicit societal norms. Certain issues have been identified by Nora, and
Helmer has made an unsuccessful attempt to rectify them. Helmer's rejection of Nora
demonstrates that further efforts are required to mend their relationship. It is effortless to
sympathise with and comprehend him due to his profound concern for his family.
7.
Departing from her family is a difficult choice that has generated considerable discord.
She believes that departing is the sole means of regaining one's humanity and
individuality, as remaining would entail a life of submission and obedience. Nora
considers travel to be essential to her development because she desires autonomy and
self-discovery. However, not everyone might concur that this is our sole recourse. Some
argue that the family could find a more effective long-term solution to the problem
through open communication and agreements rather than conflict. Numerous individuals
interpret Nora's decision differently, contingent on their stances on personal autonomy,
societal conventions, and the pursuit of purpose in existence.
Drama Journal: The Importance of Being Earnest (1)
1.
The word "earnest" is utilised in the play in a manner that exploits both of its
connotations. An initial assessment suggests that the primary protagonists are genuinely
invested in finding love, matrimonium, and universal acceptance. The evident lack of
seriousness on the part of the characters is demonstrated through their utilisation of
fictitious names and humorous situations. Due to the characters' dearth of candour and
veracity, the play has a comedic tone.
2.
Wilde is employing sarcasm through the use of the humorous ending and by deviating
from the norm. Engagements and the possibility of matrimony occur towards the
conclusion of the play; however, the preceding scenes are replete with lighthearted
dialogue, ambiguous personas, and absurd circumstances. A common theatrical happy
ending is matrimony; however, this production parodies this convention by implying that
superficial connections and societal norms might hold greater significance than more
profound ones.
3.
The play plays down the notion that marriage is a means to achieve financial and social
advancement and a social contract. Wilde mocks the naiveté with which individuals
select a life partner in consideration of their wealth, social standing, or given name. The
play provokes individuals to reflect on the superficial notions surrounding matrimony and
raises the question of how gravely society regards the institution, given that it itself does
not regard matrimony with seriousness.
4.
The rapidity with which the characters fall in and out of love is both a critique and a jest
regarding the superficiality of the majority of sexual relationships in the twenty-first
century. Characters are frequently more intrigued by the prospect of falling in love and
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matrimony than by the individuals they claim to be in love with. Wilde mockingly
demonstrates how superficial certain love activities can be and the conventional courtship
process.
5.
It is alluded to in the play that expectations from others dramatically impact romantic
relationships. People place a great deal of stock in a person's name, social standing, and
family history when determining whether or not they would make a suitable romantic
match; the characters' concerns regarding these aspects demonstrate this. Despite an
individual's sincerity for love, community expectations and norms can transform
romantic relationships into public spectacles with significant social ramifications.
6.
The dynamic between Algernon and Cecily exemplifies the fleeting nature of love and
what it means to be youthful and content. Conversely, the connection between Jack and
Gwendolen demonstrates how one's social standing, familial lineage, and given name can
influence interpersonal relationships. These connections demonstrate that the play
considers love and marriage to be frivolous and without purpose.
7.
Gender roles and stereotypes are ridiculed in the play by demonstrating that men and
women are equally intelligent, devious, and dishonest. By depicting strong, autonomous
women like Cecily and Gwendolyn, Wilde challenges conventional gender norms.
Wilde's critique of societally prescribed gender roles is exemplified by the contentious
debates that characterise the sex wars.
8.
Gwendolen and Cecily defy traditional gender roles by seeking love and matrimony
openly. They are not merely interested in romantic partners; rather, they actively pursue
them; they are not devoted to them. Intelligence, autonomy, and the capacity to determine
one's own course of action disproved the Victorian notion that women were feeble and
reliant on males.
9.
The preoccupation of Lady Bracknell with her social and financial standing exemplifies
the significance of class distinctions and egocentrism during the Victorian era. The
societal norm that marriage ought to be predicated upon wealth, familial lineage, and
social status is brought to life by her actions. In Lady Bracknell, Wilde ridicules the lax
standards that society holds for matrimony. She demonstrates the absurdity of these
standards in comparison to the pursuit of genuine affection and contentment.
Drama Journal: The Importance of Being Earnest (2)
1.
Social norms and identities were of the utmost importance during the Victorian era. By
employing names, family lineages, and social standing, the play mocks this. When he
states that his aunt "may be permitted to decide for herself" regarding her height, Jack is
effectively mocking the absurdity of attempting to dictate or control another person's
characteristics.
2.
The play employs human identity disorientation and incorrect recognition to illustrate the
capricious nature of identity and the insignificance of societal norms. As the characters'
use of fictitious names demonstrates, an individual's identity is malleable and can be
altered to conform to social norms.
3.
The Preoccupation of Lady Bracknell with Family History: During that era, the utmost
regard was placed on an individual's genealogy and familial history when determining
whether or not they constituted a suitable life partner. Lady Bracknell, who was keenly
interested in her family history, held the same opinion. It essentially ridicules rigid social
classes and the absurdity of judging someone's value based on trivial matters.
4.
The comedic segments of the play illustrate the absurdity of the characters' fixation on
their own identities. As comedic devices, misunderstood identities and peculiar character
behaviour are employed to ridicule social norms and expectations.
5.
It appears from the final line of "The Importance of Being Earnest" that an individual's
perception of self is relative and subject to change. Conformity to social norms and rapid
transitions to new identities exemplify how identity can evolve over time.
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6.
This brings us to point six: Algernon's disregard for social conventions provides the play's
humour. Through his lack of concern for adherence to social norms, he exposes the
hypocritical and illusory nature of the social codes that governed the Victorian era.
7.
The Strict and Oppressive Social Standards of Victorian Society Lady Bracknell
symbolises the oppressive and stringent social standards that characterised Victorian
society. She ridicules the prevalent notions of the time by emphasising the significance of
family, wealth, and conformity to social conventions.
8.
"Bunburying": Through the fabrication of a friendship named Bunbury, Algernon evaded
practical social responsibilities. The play examines deceit, societal norms, and the
absurdity of maintaining dual identities; it all stems from this concept.
9.
Individuals may hold divergent opinions regarding Jack and Algernon, despite the fact
that they are both malevolent and dishonest, due to their unique circumstances and
motivations. The primary motivations behind Algernon's "Bunburying" are enjoyment
and personal autonomy, whereas Jack's dual identity stems from a yearning for affection.
As the play is both comedic and satirical, audiences are advised to approach these
characters with a lighthearted perspective rather than one of criticism.