ET310_Lab3_G00304033
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Lab 3: Capacitors and Inductors
Grantham University
Date: March 5, 2024
Introduction:
This lab is intended to explore the use of inductors and capacitors in a circuit using Multisim. In part 1, a resistor and inductor are connected in series to a function generator. The time constant and output voltage at the time constant will be calculated and compared to the results of a transient analysis. In part two, an inductor and capacitor are connected in parallel followed by a resistor connected in series. A transient analysis will be performed for this circuit as well as with the parallel capacitor removed. The results of the analysis will be compared to determine the difference the parallel capacitor makes on the voltage output. Equipment/Components:
Multisim
Function generator: 10Vp square wave, 1Hz
Inductor: 10mH, 100mH
Resistor: 1.5kΩ
Capacitor: 10pF
Procedure: Part 1:
The following screenshots show the Multisim circuits to be analyzed:
Calculations: Time constant (L/R):
τ
=
L
R
=
10
mH
1.5
kΩ
=
6.67
us
36.8% of 20V = (0.368)(20V) = 7.36 V
The following screenshot shows the Multisim circuits to be analyzed:
Your preview ends here
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Results:
Part 1:
The following screenshot shows the transient analysis for the RL circuit with cursor 1 at approximately 36.8% of the original 20V:
As seen in transient analysis, the measured value of time constant is 6.709us and Vout is measured to be
7.323V, which is very close to the calculated values but not exact. Part 2:
The following screenshot shows the transient analysis for the RLC circuit:
The following screenshot shows the transient analysis with the capacitor removed:
Analysis:
If the approximation of 1/3 was used in place of 1/e:
%
difference
=
actual
−(
actual
−
measured
)
actual
∗
100
%
difference
=
.368
−(
.368
−
.333
)
.368
∗
100
%
difference
=
90.48%
Conclusion/Discussion:
The results from the part 1 Multisim simulation of the RL circuit demonstrate that the measured values correlate with the calculated values for the time constant and value of output voltage. The value of 1/e should be used for determining the output voltage at the time constant rather than the approximation of 1/3 as that would lead to about a 10% discrepancy. In part 2, the difference between results for voltage output in the transient analysis are very different. While the capacitor was in parallel with the inductor, the output voltage increased to about 5V then exponentially decayed to -10V by 0.1us. When the capacitor was removed, the transient analysis shows a linear increase in voltage. References:
Nilsson, J. W., & Riedel, S. A. (2019). Electric circuits
. Pearson.
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www
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●
●
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