Lab 0 - Circuit Building worksheet

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Arizona State University *

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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C I R C U I T B U I L D I N G – W O R K S H E E T Name: Hiba Siddiqui Partners: Sannah, Gabby TA: Naveen Part 1 – Anatomy of a Lightbulb Diagram (12 pts) *Diagram attached below 1 Part 1 (12+18): Part 2 (16+12): Discussion Qs (27): Clean-up (3): Total (88):

Explain the purpose of each of the components (2 pts each): Filament: The purpose of the filament is to serve as a source of light in the light bulb. It does this via the process “incandescence” which involves heating a material to emit visible light. Metal stems: The purpose of metal stems is to serve as a connection point for electric current to enter the light bulb. To heat up the filament and produce light, current flows from the metal stems to the filament. Metal blob (a.k.a. solder): The purpose of the metal blob is to create internal external continuity. Screw threads: The purpose of screw threads is to allow for the light bulb to screw into the socket and allow for the flow of current from the power source. Center contact: The purpose of the center contact is to serve as a connection point between the socket and the light bulb. It is crucial for establishing the electrical connection and allowing for the flow of current. Insulating ring: The purpose of the insulating ring is to prevent electrical shocks by serving as a barrier between conductive components of the light bulb. Insulating bead: The purpose of the insulating bead is to separate different conductive components within the light bulb. This prevents unintended electrical contact. 2

Glass shell: The purpose of the glass shell is to protect the filament, seal the environment of the light bulb, and prevent unnecessary oxidation. Inert gas: The purpose of inert gas is to create an oxygen free environment to prevent weakening of the filament. Part 2 – Series & Parallel Circuits Circuit 1 diagram (4 pts, remember to label the bulbs!): Brightness with all bulbs screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: __ 3.3 ________ Bulb 2: __ 3.3 ________ Bulb 3: ___ 3.3 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 1 (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 2: ____ 5 ______ Bulb 3: _ 5 _________ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 2 with bulb 1 screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 5 _______ Bulb 2: ____ 0 ______ Bulb 3: ___ 5 _______ Circuit 2 diagram (4 pts, remember to label the bulbs!): 3 DIAGRAM ATTACHED BELOW DIAGRAM ATTACHED BELOW

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Brightness with all bulbs screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 3.3 _______ Bulb 2: ___ 3.3 _______ Bulb 3: ___ 3.3 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 1 (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ____ 0 ______ Bulb 2: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 3: ___ 0 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 2 with bulb 1 screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 2: ____ 0 ______ Bulb 3: ____ 0 ______ Circuit 3 diagram (4 pts, remember to label the bulbs!): Brightness with all bulbs screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 10 _______ Bulb 2: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 3: ___ 0 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 1 (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 2: ____ 0 ______ Bulb 3: ___ 0 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 2 with bulb 1 screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 5 _______ Bulb 2: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 3: ____ 5 ______ Circuit 4 diagram (4 pts, remember to label the bulbs!): 4 DIAGRAM ATTACHED BELOW DIAGRAM ATTACHED BELOW

Brightness with all bulbs screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: __ 5 ________ Bulb 2: ___ 2.5 _______ Bulb 3: ___ 2.5 _______ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 1 (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ___ 0 _______ Bulb 2: __ 5 ________ Bulb 3: __ 5 ________ Brightness after unscrewing bulb 2 with bulb 1 screwed in (scale of 0-10): Bulb 1: ____ 10 ______ Bulb 2: __ 0 ________ Bulb 3: _____ 0 _____ DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. (3 pts) What is your TA’s name? My TA’s name is Naveen. 2. (5 pts) Based on your investigation in part 1, would you classify the filament as being in series or parallel with the metal stems? What would you say for the stem-to-outer-threads connection, or for the stem-to-center-contact connection? I would classify the filament as being in series with the metal stems. This is because having a serial orientation allows for equal current flow through the filament, preventing uneven heating. The stem to outer threads connection will be neither in series nor parallel because it is not part of the main electrical pathway. The stem to center contact connection will also be in series to have more controlled current flow. 3. (5 pts) From part 2, is circuit 1 a series or parallel circuit? How about circuits 2, 3, and 4? (Hint: some circuits may not be strictly series or strictly parallel.) Circuit 1 is a parallel circuit. Circuit 2 is a series circuit. Circuits 3 and 4 are not strictly series or parallel because they have components of both. 5

4. (4 pts) Is a “junction post” a necessary component for creating a junction? If yes, why is it necessary? If no, what is another way you could create a junction without using a junction post? A junction post is not a necessary component for creating a junction. It is necessary for the conductors to meet for current to flow. If the wires are connected so that current can flow without resistance, the circuit will function. Direct connection of the wires will create a junction without the use of a junction post. 5. (5 pts) Consider Figure 1 and Figure 2 in the lab manual. Which of the labeled points (a-g) is a junction? Why? Using the definition of a junction as a point where two or more conductive components of a circuit meet, all these labeled points would qualify as a junction. Each of these points either connect the battery to the light bulb or connect the light bulb to another light bulb. Both the battery and bulb contain conductive components; therefore, all points a-g are junctions. 6. (5 pts) From part 2, you should have noticed sometimes unscrewing a lightbulb caused other lightbulb(s) to turn off completely, but in other cases, unscrewing a lightbulb had no effect on the other lightbulbs. Why is this the case? Depending on the type of circuit, unscrewing a light bulb can have different effects. If the circuit follows a serial pathway, the light bulbs are connected in a single pathway meaning that removing one would disrupt the flow of current to all. If the circuit follows a parallel 6

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pathway, the light bulbs are connected separately to the power source and have separate current flows. Therefore, removing one light bulb would not necessarily disrupt the flow of current to the others. 7