PHYS 1070 Lab 5_ Electrical Resistance and Ohm's Law

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University of Guelph *

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1070

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Electrical Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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3

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PHYS 1070 Lab 5: Electrical Resistance and Ohm's Law PART A: Describe what happened as you moved the LED from the outer end of the resistor in toward the middle. From this, what can you infer about the relationship between resistor length and resistance? When I moved the LED closer to the middle of the resistor and the aluminum foil, the LED shone brighter. From this I can infer that resistance decreases when resistor length decreases, therefore they are directly proportional. The light becoming brighter indicates the resistance of the circuit has decreased. When there is a higher resistance in a circuit there is less of a current and power, resulting in less brightness, and vice versa. PART B: 1) Circuit with 3 resistors in series:
2) Circuit with 2 resistors in parallel: How does the brightness of the LED change when resistors are combined in series? From this, what can you infer about the total resistance of a series-combination of resistors? When resistors were combined in series the resistor length was increased, therefore the circuit’s resistance increased, decreasing the current and decreasing the LED brightness. When additional resistors are added in a series-combination circuit the resistance will increase and the LED brightness will continue to decrease. Therefore the total resistance of the series is directly proportional to the sum of the series’ resistors. How does the brightness of the LED change when resistors are combined in parallel? From this, what can you infer about the total resistance of a parallel-combination of resistors? When resistors are combined in parallel the current increases and the overall resistance decreases, causing an increase in the brightness of the LED. Due to the parallel arrangement of a parallel-combination circuit, the effectiveness of the resistance is decreased and the applied voltage is maintained. Therefore the total resistance of the series is decreased when more resistors are added to a parallel circuit.
PART C: C1: What is the general relationship between the four current values flowing into/out from this (or any) junction? Junction C1 is the sum of the currents going through the three resistors of group 3. This is represented by: I iii =I 4 +I 5 +I 6 C2: For the resistors in Group III, what is the ratio of currents I4 : I5 : I6, and how does this relate to their resistance values? Can you describe/state a rule for determining the amount of current flowing through each branch of a set of parallel resistors? R4 has a resistance of 20 ohms, R5 has 40 ohms and R6 has 60 ohms, therefore the ratio of their resistance is 1:2:3. Using I=V/R, I4:I5:I6=1/R4:1/R5:1/R6, this then gives the ratio of 6:3:2 for I4:I5:I6. The Kirchhoff Current Rule applies to this scenario as the current entering the resistors equals the amount of current leaving the junction, and the current at any junction will be equal to zero. C3: What relationship do you find between the four voltage measurements around the loop of the circuit? The voltage of this circuit applies by R1=V1, R2 and R3=V23, R4, R5 and R6=V456. Therefore, the voltage of this circuit can be determined through the equation: V tot =V 1 +V 23 +V 456 C4: For the resistors in Group III, what is the ratio of voltages V4 : V5 : V6, and how does this relate to their resistance values? Can you describe/state a rule for determining the voltage difference across each branch of a set of parallel resistors? The voltages of group three follow the ratio 1:1:1 in comparison to their resistance values following a 1:2:3 ratio.. They can be determined by V4=I4R4, V5=I5R5 and V6=I6R6. This corresponds to a parallel-combination circuit as they are all connected to the same two junctions and therefore share the same voltage across each resistor.
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