ENGR43Lab10

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ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors Student Name: ___________________________________________________ Overview In this lab activity, you will simulate series and parallel RL and RC circuits in Multisim, and then verify the simulation by manually analyzing the circuits using impedance formulas. You will then construct the circuits and compare your data with the simulations. Finally you will present your results in table and graph form in Excel. Before Starting This Activity The student should be able to:  Perform basic word processing and spreadsheet editing  Perform basic MultiSim circuit simulation and editing  Operate the NI-ELVIS hardware and VIs.  Calculate X L and X C Learning Outcomes For Activity Relevant knowledge (K), skill (S), or attitude (A) student learning outcomes K1. Calculate impedance, voltage, and current in series and parallel RL and RC circuits S1. Produce an AC analysis data series in Multisim and export to Excel S2 . Compile data into a test report. S3. Present data in table and chart form S4. Measure and characterize RL and RC circuits A1 . Recognize the circuit interactions between frequency and reactive components. Getting Started Lab Activity and Deliverables: It should take students approximately 2 hours to complete the lab activity, and 2 hour of homework time to complete the lab report. Equipment & Supplies Item Quantity NI-ELVIS trainer 1 1 mH inductor 1 0.01 µF capacitor 1 1k Ω resistor 1 Oscilloscope probes 2 Special Safety Requirements None LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 1

ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide Task #1 – Series RL Circuit 1. Download the lab worksheet ENGR43Lab9b.xlsx and the four MultiSim files, ENGR43Lab9-(RL1, RL2, RC1, RC2).ms10, from Canvas. Open the worksheet in Excel and open the ENGR43Lab9- RL1 file in MultiSim. 2. Note that this simulation uses the Measurement Probe tool to display multiple circuit measurements at the points labeled Probe 1 and Probe 2. The voltage displayed is relative to the circuit ground, and the current is flowing through the wire at that point. 3. Use the AC analysis tool (Under Simulate/Analysis and Simulation/AC Sweep) to measure the following, from 100 Hz to 1Mhz. Use 5 steps per decade. a. Series current, I(probe 1) b. Source voltage, V(probe 1) c. Voltage across L1, V(probe2) 4. Export the data to Excel. (Under the Tools menu, in Grapher View.) Copy and paste the data into the appropriate cells of the table in Part 1 of the worksheet (on the Series RL tab). 5. If necessary, open the Grapher window (from the VIEW menu in MultiSim). Note the small red arrow next to the Magnitude display on the left side of the window. Click on the Phase graph and note that the red arrow points to the phase graph. Repeat the data export to Excel, only this time the phase data will be exported. Copy and paste the data into the appropriate cells of the table in Part 1 of the worksheet. 6. For the 10 kHz, 158 kHz, and 1 MHz frequencies, calculate X L and Z for the circuit, converting the rectangular notation to polar form. Calculate the current flow by dividing the impedance into the source voltage and express the result in polar form. You might find it easier to use Matlab to do the calculations. Enter your results in Table 2. 7. Build the circuit on the ELVIS protoboard. The function generator output can be accessed on row 33 (labeled FGEN) in the lower left corner or one of the BNC connectors on the left side. Use the BNC CH0 and CH1 on the left side for inputs to the virtual oscilloscope. Make sure that both leads of the inductor are pushed into the proto board. 8. Connect the ELVIS USB cable to the computer. Turn on ELVIS on the back right and front top right. The Loader will come up on your computer. Select the function generator and the oscilloscope. 9. Measure the source and inductor voltages and phase shift at the same frequencies in step 6 with the oscilloscope virtual instrument. Can you accurately collect all the data? Can you see the same phase relationship as you saw in the simulation? Explain why or why not in the Summary Sheet. Enter your results in Table 2. LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 2

ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide Task #2 – Parallel RL Circuit 1. Open the ENGR43Lab9-RL2 file in MultiSim. Note that Probe 1 shows the voltage across all components and the total current, and Probe 2 and Probe 3 show the branch currents through the resistor and inductor. 2. Click on the Parallel RL tab on the Excel workbook. Repeat the simulation and calculations in steps 2 through 6 of the previous section for the three currents, X L and Z. Enter your data in tables 3 and 4. 3. You do not need to build the circuit and take measurements. Task #3 – Series RC Circuit 1. Download Open the ENGR43Lab9-RC1 file in MultiSim. 2. Use the AC analysis tool to measure the following, from 100 Hz to 1Mhz. Use 5 steps per decade. a. Series current, I(probe 1) b. Source voltage, V(probe 1) c. Voltage across C1, V(probe2) 3. Export the data to Excel. Copy and paste the data into the appropriate cells of the table in Part 1 of the worksheet (on the Series RC tab). 4. If necessary, open the Grapher window (from the VIEW menu in MultiSim). Note the small red arrow next to the Magnitude display on the left side of the window. Click on the Phase graph and note that the red arrow points to the phase graph. Repeat the data export to Excel, only this time the phase data will be exported. Copy and paste the data into the appropriate cells of the table in Part 5 of the worksheet. 5. For the 1 kHz, 15.8 kHz, and 100 kHz frequencies (note that these are different from the frequencies used in Task 1 and Task 2), calculate X C and Z for the circuit, converting the rectangular notation to polar form. Calculate the current flow by dividing the impedance into the source voltage and express the result in polar form. Enter your results in Table 6. 6. Build the circuit on the ELVIS protoboard and measure the source and capacitor voltages and phase shift at the same frequencies in step 5 with the oscilloscope virtual instrument. Can you accurately collect all the data? Can you see the same phase relationship as you saw in the simulation? Explain why or why not in the Summary Sheet. Enter your results in Table 6. LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 3

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ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide Task #4 – Parallel RC Circuit 1. Open the ENGR43Lab9-RC2 file in MultiSim. Note that Probe 1 shows the voltage across all components and the total current, and Probe 2 and Probe 3 show the branch currents through the resistor and capacitor. 2. Click on the Parallel RC tab on the Excel workbook. Repeat the simulation and calculations in steps 2 through 5 of the previous section for the three currents, X C and Z. Enter your data in tables 7 and 8. 3. You do not need to build the circuit and take measurements. Deliverable(s) Print your completed Lab Excel Worksheet and attach it to your Lab Activity Student Guide. Lab 2 Summary Questions Series RL Circuit What effect does frequency have on an RL series circuit, specifically on the amplitude and phase of the current? What impact does this have on collecting the data in a real circuit? Examine your data from this activity. How would increasing the resistance affect the circuit, specifically current and voltage? How would increasing the inductance affect the circuit, specifically the corner frequency? LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 4

ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide Parallel RL Circuit What effect does frequency have on an RL parallel circuit, specifically on the amplitude and phase of the current? What impact does this have on collecting the data in a real circuit? Examine your data from this activity. How would increasing the resistance affect the circuit, specifically on the amplitude of the current through each component? How would increasing the inductance affect the circuit, specifically the corner frequency? Series RC Circuit What effect does frequency have on an RC series circuit, specifically on the amplitude and phase of the current? What impact does this have on collecting the data in a real circuit? Examine your data from this activity. How would increasing the resistance affect the circuit, specifically on the amplitude and phase of the current? How would increasing the capacitance affect the circuit, specifically the corner frequency? LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 5

ENGR 43 Lab Activity Student Guide Parallel RC Circuit What effect does frequency have on an RC parallel circuit, specifically on the amplitude and phase of the current? What impact does this have on collecting the data in a real circuit? Examine your data from this activity. How would increasing the resistance affect the circuit, specifically on the amplitude of the current through each component? How would increasing the capacitance affect the circuit, specifically the corner frequency? LAB 10 – RC and L/R Circuits - Phasors © 2012 ENGR 43 6

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