HW-2

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Computer Science

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Jan 9, 2024

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HW-2 / Chapters 2 and 3 “Abstract Data Types and C++ Classes”, “Container Classes” 1. What is the difference between a class and an object?   A. A class is a special type of subroutine called to create an object. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments to set required member variables. Once a class is defined, only one member can be declared. There’s no difference between a variable and an object, so any object is a variable.  B . A class is a kind of data type that defines data members and member functions that operate on the data. An object is an instance of a class and is declared as a variable. Once a class is defined, a programmer can declare many objects of that class and manipulate the objects with its functions.  C. A class is a kind of data type that defines data members, and which must exist on a separate file in order to be used within the main program. An object refers to any function defined within a class.  D. All of the above. 2. What kind of member of a class supports information hiding?  A . The private members.  B. The public members.  C. The static members.  D. All of the above. 3. What is the difference between a sequence and a bag? What additional operations does a sequence require?  A. Bag has a special type of subroutine called to create an object. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments to set required member variables. Sequence is a structure that has ordered items and requires a specific functions to navigate between these items, such as start , current , is_item .  B. Bag is a class with its member functions while sequence is a collection of items. The items in a sequence are arranged in order, but there’s no additional operations to access these items.  C. Both contain a collection of items. The items in a sequence are arranged in order, one after another. The additional operations that sequence require are following start , advance , current , remove_current , attach and is_item functions.  D. Bag is a class and sequence is a function defined in a bag. Some of the additional arguments that sequence have are following start , advance , current , remove_current , attach and is_item . 4. When an object variable is declared, what happens if the programmer did not write a constructor for the class?  A. The compiler automatically creates a simple default constructor.  B. The compiler throws an error message.  C. The compiler automatically removes an allocated space for the declared object.  D. All of the above.

5. Here is the start of a class declaration: (Note: Samuel will be explaining this question on Monday, September 21) class Foo { public: Foo(int num); void fun1(Foo f); void fun2(const Foo f); void fun3(Foo f) const; … Which of the three member functions can alter the PRIVATE member variables of the foo object that activates the function?  A. Only Foo can alter the private member variables of the object that activates the function.  B. Three of the functions can alter the private member variables of the object that activates the function.  C. Only fun1 can alter the private member variables of the object that activates the function.  D . Two of the functions can alter the private member variables of the object that activates the function. 6. I have an array named data, which contains n integers. I want to print all of the numbers, starting at data[0]. BUT if the number 42 occurs, then I want to stop my printing just before the 42 (without printing the 42!) Here is most of my for-loop to accomplish my goal: for (i = 0; ___________________________________________; i++) cout << data[i] << endl; What is the correct way to fill in the blank? (If there is more than one correct answer, please select E.)  A. (data[i] != 42) && (i < n)  B . (data[i] != 42) || (i < n)  C. (i < n) && (data[i] != 42)  D. (i < n) || (data[i] != 42)  E . More than one of the above answers is correct. 7. Consider this class definition: class quiz { public: quiz( ); int f( ); int g( ) const; private: double score; }; Which functions can carry out an assignment score=1.0; to the private member variable score ?  A. Both f and g can carry out the assignment.  B . f can carry out the assignment, but not g.  C. g can carry out the assignment, but not f.  D. Neither f nor g can carry out the assignment. 8. Use the copy function to copy six elements from the start of an array x into an array y starting at y[42].  A. copy(0, x+6, y+42);  B. copy(x, x+6, 42);

 C . copy(x, x+6, y+42);  D. copy(x, x+6, y-42); 9. Here is a small function definition: void f(int i, int &k) { i = 1; k = 2; } Suppose that a main program has two integer variables x and y , which are given the value 0 . Then the main program calls f(x, y) ; What are the values of x and y after the function f finishes?  A. Both x and y are still 0.  B. x is now 1, but y is still 0.  C . x is still 0, but y is now 2.  D. x is now 1, and y is now 2. 10. Here is a function prototype and some possible function calls: int day_of_week(int year, int month = 1, int day = 1); // Possible function calls: cout << day_of_week( ); cout << day_of_week(1995); cout << day_of_week(1995, 10); cout << day_of_week(1995, 10, 4); How many of the function calls are legal?  A. None of them are legal  B . Three of them are legal  C. One of them is legal  D. Two of them are legal  E. All of them are legal 11. Which kind of functions can access private member variables of a class?  A. Friend functions of the class  B. Private member functions of the class  C. Public member functions of the class  D . All of the above can access private member variables  E. None of the above 12. Which of these function calls could change the value of a point p : void rotate_to_upper_right(point& p) { while (//expression) p.rotate90(); } int rotations_needed(point p) { int answer; while (//expression) { p.rotate90(); ++answer; } return answer; }

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cout << rotations_needed(p); rotate_to_upper_right(p);  A. None of them.  B. Only rotations_needed  C . Only rotate_to_upper_right  D. Both of them 13. Choose the correct answer for the left-inclusive pattern for an iterator i and a container c.  A. for (i = c.start(); i != c.end(); i++) {…}  B . for (i = c.begin(); i != c.end(); ++i) {…}  C. for (i = c.start(); i != c.count(); ++i) {…}  D. for (i = c.front(); i != c.end(); i++) {…} 14. Suppose that you are working on a machine where arrays may have up to 4,000,000,000 items. What is the guaranteed range of the size_t data type?  A. Negative 4,000,000,000 to positive 4,000,000,000.  B. Zero to positive 32,767  C. Zero to positive 65,535  D . Zero to 4,000,000,000  E. Zero to 8,000,000,000 15. (Optional) . Implement bag’s erase member function. Answer: bag::size_type bag::erase( const value_type& target) { size_type index = 0; size_type many_removed = 0; while (index < used) { if (data[index] == target) { --used; data[index] = data[used]; ++many_removed; } else ++index; } return many_removed; }

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