CSCO 220 Modules 9 and 10 Lab Packet-QoS and Network Management

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Module 9 -- QoS Module 10 – Network Management For some of this packet you will need to have access to your account on the Netacad website . This is a long assignment packet so you are awarded twice the points of normal. Grading Rubric Your Score Packet complete, answers correct, submitted on-time. 10 Packet complete, answers mostly correct, submitted on-time. 8 Packet mostly complete, answers mostly correct, submitted on-time. 4 Packet mostly complete, answers mostly correct, submitted late. 2  For the Packet Tracer exercises located below, go to the Netacad link, click on it and go to the module this lab packet applies to. Click on the section where the Packet Tracer activity is located, download the Packet Tracer activity and follow the instructions included with the Packet Tracer activity  Perform any Netlab assignments listed below, be sure to post your answers in RED  Post a Packet Tracer screen shot ONLY of the name of the lab and the completion score (not the network or anything else). Make the screenshot the width of the page so I can easily read it using my grading software Packet Tracer 10.1.5-Use CDP to Map a Network. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. Packet Tracer 10.2.6-Use LLDP to Map a Network. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 1 of 29 CSCO 220

Packet Tracer 10.3.4-Configure and Verify NTP. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. Netlab 10.4.10-Reseach Network Monitoring Software. Post your answers in red. 1. Objectives Part 1: Survey Your Understanding of Network Monitoring Part 2: Research Network Monitoring Tools Part 3: Select a Network Monitoring Tool 2. Background / Scenario Network monitoring is needed for any sized network. Proactively monitoring the network infrastructure can assist network administrators with their day-to-day duties. The wide variety of networking tools available vary in cost, depending on the features, number of network locations and number of nodes supported. In this lab, you will conduct research on available network monitoring software. You will gather information on software products and features of those products. You will investigate one product in greater detail and list some of the key features available. 3. Required Resources  PC with internet access 4. Instructions Survey Your Understanding of Network Monitoring Describe network monitoring as you understand it. Give an example of how it might be used in a production network. Network monitoring is done typically using a tool or set of tools that aid in troubleshooting, monitoring, and modifying devices within their network. Reports, performance graphs, network mapping of topologies, etc. can be part of the software tool. A network administrator may decide to set up an email alert when packet loss on a router exceeds a certain limit. Place your answers here. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 2 of 29

Research Network Monitoring Tools Research and find three network monitoring tools. List the three tools that you found. SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor, ManageEngine OpManager, Fortra Intermapper Network Monitoring Software Place your answers here. Complete the following form for the network monitoring tools selected. Vendor Product Name Features SolarWinds - https://www.solarwinds.com/ SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor Network performance testing, network device monitoring, Network device discovery, Network device scanning, LAN monitoring, router traffic monitoring, network discovery, network mapping, packet analysis, packet sniffing, SNMP monitoring, SNMP scanning, SNMP testing, switch monitoring ManageEngine - https://www.manageengine.c om/ ManageEngine OpManager Network monitoring, physical/virtual server monitoring, wireless network monitoring, WAN monitoring, Cisco ACI monitoring, storage monitoring, distributed network monitoring, network visualization, fault management © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 3 of 29

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Vendor Product Name Features Fortra - https://www.fortra.com/ Intermapper Network Monitoring Software Network management, smart alerting, network capacity planning, AWS monitoring Ntop - https://www.ntop.org/ ntopng Device templates, graph templates, data sources/templates/profiles ITRS - https://www.itrsgroup.com/ ITRS OP5 Monitor SNMP network monitoring, API monitoring, network performance reporting Select a Network Monitoring Tool Select one or more monitoring tools from your research. From your research, identify one or more tools you would choose for monitoring your network. List the tools and explain your reasons for choosing them, including specific features that you consider important. SolarWinds Network Performance Monitor – I choose this because of the number of options to choose from when analyze and troubleshooting different networks. All of the feature of this tool are very important. But if I had to choose a few, I think I would consider network performance testing, packet analysis, and packet sniffing to be most important. Place your answers here. Investigate the PRTG network monitoring tool. Search the internet for the terms Paessler and PRTG, and look for a feature list. Give examples of some of the features that you found for PRTG in the space provided below. Distributed monitoring, automatic network discovery, real-time alerting 5. Reflection Question Based on your research, what conclusions have you reached regarding network monitoring software? © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 4 of 29

Choosing the right products from networking monitoring is crucial. Packet Tracer 10.6.10-Backup Configuration Files. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. Netlab 10.6.11-Use Tera Term to Manage Router Configuration Files. Post your answers in red. Topology 6. Topology 7. Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway R1 G0/0/1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 N/A S1 VLAN 1 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 PC-A NIC 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 8. Objectives Part 1: Configure Basic Device Settings Part 2: Use Terminal Emulation Software to Create a Backup Configuration File Part 3: Use a Backup Configuration File to Restore a Router and Switch Configuration 9. Background / Scenario It is a recommended best practice to maintain backup configuration files for routers and switches in the event that they need to be restored to a previous configuration. Terminal © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 5 of 29

emulation software can be used to easily back up or restore a router or switch configuration file. In this lab, you will:  Use Tera Term to back up a router running-configuration file.  Erase the router startup configuration file.  Reload the router.  Restore the missing router configuration from the backup configuration file. Note : The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 (universalk9 image). The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers. Note : Ensure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure contact your instructor. 10.Required Resources  1 Router (Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 universal image or comparable)  1 Switch (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)  1 PC (Windows with a terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)  Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports  Ethernet cables as shown in the topology Ethernet cables as shown in the topology Configure Basic Device Settings In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings, such as the interface IP addresses, device access, and passwords on the router. Cable the network as shown in the topology. Attach the devices as shown in the topology and cable as necessary. Configure the PC-A network settings according to the Addressing Table. Configure basic settings for the router. Open configuration window Assign a device name to the router. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 6 of 29

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Assign cisco as the VTY password and enable login. Encrypt the plaintext passwords. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited. Configure interfaces as listed in the table above. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file. Close configuration window Configure basic settings for the switch. Open configuration window Assign a device name to the switch. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login. Assign cisco as the VTY password and enable login. Encrypt the plaintext passwords. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited. Shut down all unused interfaces Configure interface VLAN 1 as specified in the table above. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file. Close configuration window Create a Backup Configuration File In Tera Term or other terminal emulation program, you can create a log of your commands and output to a device via a connection. In this part, you will record your interaction with a device using the logging feature of Tera Term. Note : If Tera Term is not installed, you can download the latest version from a number of internet sites. Simply search for a Tera Term download. Create a log file. Open configuration window Connect to the router via Serial connection in Tera Term as necessary. In the New Connection window, select the Serial radio button and the appropriate communications port for your PC (i.e., COM1). From the File menu, choose Log… , and save the teraterm.log file to the Desktop. Ensure that the Append and Plain text check boxes are enabled (checked). The Tera Term log file will create a record of every command issued and every output displayed. Note : You can use this feature to capture the output from several commands in sequence and use it for network documentation purposes. For example, you could issue © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 7 of 29

the show version , show ip interface brief , and show running-config commands to capture information about the router. Display the router running-configuration. Use the console password to log in to the router. Enter privileged EXEC mode. From privileged EXEC mode enter the show running-config command. Continue pressing the space bar when --More-- is displayed until you see the router R1# prompt return. From the File menu, choose Show Log Dialog . Click Close to end the log session. Note : You can also copy and paste the text from the Tera Term window directly into a text editor. Use a Backup Configuration File to Restore a Router and Switch Configuration Erase the router startup-configuration and reload it. From privileged EXEC mode erase the startup configuration. R1# erase startup-config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [confirm] [OK] Erase of nvram: complete Reload the router. R1# reload Proceed with reload? [confirm] At the System Configuration Dialog prompt, type no ; a router prompt displays, indicating an unconfigured router. --- System Configuration Dialog --- Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: Press RETURN to get started! <output omitted> Router> Enter privileged EXEC mode and enter a show running-config command to verify that all of the previous configurations were erased. Edit the saved configuration backup file to prepare it for restoring the router configuration. To restore the router configuration from a saved running configuration backup file, you must edit the text. Open the teraterm.log text file. Remove each instance of --More-- in the text file. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 8 of 29

Note : The --More-- was generated by pressing the Spacebar when displaying the running configuration. Delete the initial lines of the backup configuration file, so that the first line starts with the first configuration command as shown below. service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption In the lines for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1, insert a new line to enable the interface. interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto Change to: interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto no shutdown After you have made all of the edits to the backup configuration file, save your changes to filename R1-config-backup . Note : When saving the file, an extension such as .txt , may be added to the filename automatically. Restore the router configuration. You can restore the edited running configuration directly to the console terminal in router global configuration mode, and the configurations are entered as if they were commands entered individually at the command prompt. From the Tera Term console connection to the router, enter global configuration mode. From the File menu, select Send file… . Locate R1-config-backup and select Open . Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file. R1# copy running-config startup-config Verify the new running configuration. Close configuration window Backup and restore the switch. Go back to the beginning of Part 2 and follow the same steps to backup and restore the switch configuration. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 9 of 29

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11. Reflection Question Why do you think it is important to use a text editor instead of a word processor to copy and save your command configurations? A word processor could possibly add special control characters to the text making it difficult to use to restore the router. pe your answers here. 12.Router Interface Summary Table Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2 1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) 2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 4221 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 (G0/0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1 (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) 4300 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 (G0/0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1 (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) Note : To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. End of document © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 10 of 29

Netlab 10.6.12-Use TFTP, Flash and USB to Manage Configuration Files. Post your answers in red. Topology 13.Topology Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway R1 G0/0/1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 N/A S1 VLAN 1 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 PC-A NIC 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 Objectives Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings Part 2: Use TFTP to Back Up and Restore the Switch Running Configuration Part 3 Use TFTP to Back Up and Restore the Router Running Configuration Part 4: Back Up and Restore Running Configurations Using Router Flash Memory Part 5: (Optional) Use a USB Drive to Back Up and Restore the Running Configuration Background / Scenario Cisco networking devices are often upgraded or swapped out for a number of reasons. It is important to maintain backups of the latest device configurations, as well as a history of configuration changes. A TFTP server is often used to backup configuration files and IOS images in production networks. A TFTP server is a centralized and secure method used to store the backup copies of the files and restore them as necessary. Using a centralized TFTP server, you can back up files from many different Cisco devices. In addition to a TFTP server, most of the current Cisco routers can back up and restore files locally from CompactFlash (CF) memory or a USB flash drive. The CF is a removable memory module that has replaced the limited internal flash memory of earlier router models. The IOS image for the router resides in the CF memory, and the router uses this © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 11 of 29

IOS Image for the boot process. With the larger size of the CF memory, additional files can be stored for backup purposes. A removable USB flash drive can also be used for backup purposes. In this lab, you will use TFTP server software to back up the Cisco device running configuration to the TFTP server. You can edit the file using a text editor and copy the new configuration back to a Cisco device. The instructions here for the TFTP server configuration and operation are generic and there may be some differences in terminology with your TFTP server software. Note : The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 (universalk9 image). The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers. Note : Ensure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure contact your instructor. Required Resources  1 Router (Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.3 universal image or comparable)  1 Switch (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)  1 PC (Windows with a terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)  Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports  Ethernet cables as shown in the topology  USB flash drive (Optional) 14.Instructions Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings, such as the interface IP addresses for router R1, switch S1 and PC-A. Cable the network as shown in the topology. Attach the devices as shown in the topology diagram, and cable as necessary. Configure basic settings for the router. Open configuration window Assign a device name to the router. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 12 of 29

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Assign cisco as the console password and enable login. Assign cisco as the VTY password and enable login. Encrypt the plaintext passwords. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited. Configure interfaces as listed in the table above. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file. Note : Use the question mark ( ? ) to help with the correct sequence of parameters needed to execute this command. Close configuration window Configure basic settings for the switch. Open configuration window Assign a device name to the switch. Disable DNS lookup to prevent the router from attempting to translate incorrectly entered commands as though they were host names. Assign class as the privileged EXEC encrypted password. Assign cisco as the console password and enable login. Assign cisco as the VTY password and enable login. Encrypt the plaintext passwords. Create a banner that warns anyone accessing the device that unauthorized access is prohibited. Shut down all unused interfaces. Configure interface VLAN 1 as specified in the table above. Save the running configuration to the startup configuration file. Note : Use the question mark ( ? ) to help with the correct sequence of parameters needed to execute this command. Close configuration window Verify connectivity from PC-A. Ping from PC-A to S1. Ping from PC-A to R1. If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing. Use TFTP to Back Up and Restore the Switch Running Configuration Verify connectivity to switch S1 from PC-A. The TFTP application uses the UDP Layer 4 transport protocol, which is encapsulated in an IP packet. For TFTP file transfers to function, there must be Layer 1 and 2 (Ethernet, in this case) and Layer 3 (IP) connectivity between the TFTP client and the TFTP server. The LAN topology in this lab uses only Ethernet at Layers 1 and 2. However, TFTP transfers can also © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 13 of 29

be accomplished over WAN links that use other Layer 1 physical links and Layer 2 protocols. As long as there is IP connectivity between the client and server, as demonstrated by ping, the TFTP transfer can take place. If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing. Note : A common misconception is that you can TFTP a file over the console connection. This is not the case because the console connection does not use IP. The TFTP transfer can be initiated from the client device (router or switch) using the console connection, but there must be IP connectivity between the client and server for the file transfer to take place. Start the TFTP server. Start the TFTP program on PC-A. Ensure that the TFTP program is using a directory that you have WRITE permission for, such as a folder on your desktop. Explore the copy command on a Cisco device. Console into switch S1 and, from the privileged EXEC mode prompt, enter copy ? to display the options for source or “from” location and other available copy options. You can specify flash: or flash0: as the source. However, if you simply provide a filename as the source, flash0: is assumed and is the default. Note that running-config is also an option for the source location. Open configuration window S1# copy ? /erase Erase destination file system. /error Allow to copy error file. /noverify Don't verify image signature before reload. /verify Verify image signature before reload. bs: Copy from bs: file system cns: Copy from cns: file system flash: Copy from flash: file system ftp: Copy from ftp: file system http: Copy from http: file system https: Copy from https: file system logging Copy logging messages null: Copy from null: file system nvram: Copy from nvram: file system rcp: Copy from rcp: file system running-config Copy from current system configuration scp: Copy from scp: file system startup-config Copy from startup configuration system: Copy from system: file system tar: Copy from tar: file system tftp: Copy from tftp: file system © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 14 of 29

tmpsys: Copy from tmpsys: file system vb: Copy from vb: file system xmodem: Copy from xmodem: file system ymodem: Copy from ymodem: file system Use the ? to display the destination options after a source file location is chosen. The flash: file system for S1 is the source file system in this example. S1# copy flash: ? flash: Copy to flash: file system ftp: Copy to ftp: file system http: Copy to http: file system https: Copy to https: file system null: Copy to null: file system nvram: Copy to nvram: file system rcp: Copy to rcp: file system running-config Update (merge with) current system configuration scp: Copy to scp: file system startup-config Copy to startup configuration system: Copy to system: file system tftp: Copy to tftp: file system tmpsys: Copy to tmpsys: file system vb: Copy to vb: file systesystem Transfer the running-config file from switch S1 to TFTP server on PC-A. From the privileged EXEC mode on the switch, enter the copy running-config tftp: command. Provide the remote host address of the TFTP server (PC-A), 192.168.1.3. Press Enter to accept default destination filename ( s1-confg ) or provide your own filename. The exclamation marks ( !! ) indicate the transfer process is in progress and is successful. S1# copy running-config tftp: Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.3 Destination filename [s1-confg]? !! 1465 bytes copied in 0.663 secs (2210 bytes/sec) S1# The TFTP server may also displays transfer progress. Note : If you do not have permission to write to the current directory that is used by the TFTP server, the following error message displays: S1# copy running-config tftp: Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.3 Destination filename [s1-confg]? %Error opening tftp://192.168.1.3/s1-confg (Permission denied) © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 15 of 29

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Note : Other issues, such as a firewall blocking TFTP traffic, can prevent the TFTP transfer. Please check with your instructor for further assistance. Check the directory on the TFTP server (usually the default directory for the TFTP server software) to verify that the file was transferred successfully. Your TFTP server may have a dialog for this, or you can simply use the File Explorer provided by your Operating System. Create a modified switch running configuration file. The saved running configuration file, s1-confg , can also be restored to the switch by using the copy command from the switch. The original or a modified version of the file can be copied to the flash file system of the switch. Navigate to the TFTP directory on PC-A by using the file system of PC-A, and then locate the s1-confg file. Open this file using a text editor program, such as WordPad. With the file open, locate the hostname S1 line. Replace S1 with Switch1 . Delete all the self- generated crypto keys, as necessary. A sample of the keys is displayed below. These keys are not exportable and can cause errors while updating the running configuration. crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-1566151040 enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-1566151040 revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-1566151040 ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-1566151040 certificate self-signed 01 3082022B 30820194 A0030201 02020101 300D0609 2A864886 F70D0101 05050030 31312F30 2D060355 04031326 494F532D 53656C66 2D536967 6E65642D 43657274 <output omitted> E99574A6 D945014F B6FE22F3 642EE29A 767EABF7 403930CA D2C59E23 102EC12E 02F9C933 B3296D9E 095EBDAF 343D17F6 AF2831C7 6DA6DFE3 35B38D90 E6F07CD4 40D96970 A0D12080 07A1C169 30B9D889 A6E2189C 75B988B9 0AF27EDC 6D6FA0E5 CCFA6B29 729C1E0B 9DADACD0 3D7381 quit Save this file as a plain text file with a new filename, Switch1-confg.txt , in this example. Note : When saving the file, an extension, such as .txt , may be added to the filename automatically. If your TFTP software has the option, use it to show the contents of its directory to verify that the file is present. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 16 of 29

Copy the modified running configuration file from the TFTP server to switch S1. From the privileged EXEC mode on the switch, enter the copy tftp running-config command. Provide the remote host address of the TFTP server, 192.168.1.3. Enter the new filename, Switch1-confg.txt . The exclamation mark (!) indicates the transfer process is in progress and is successful. S1# copy tftp: running-config Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.3 Source filename []? Switch1-confg.txt Destination filename [running-config]? Accessing tftp://192.168.1.3/Switch1-confg.txt... Loading Switch1-confg.txt from 192.168.1.3 (via Vlan1): ! [OK - 1580 bytes] [OK] 1580 bytes copied in 9.118 secs (173 bytes/sec) *Mar 1 00:21:16.242: %PKI-4-NOAUTOSAVE: Configuration was modified. Issue "write memory" to save new certificate *Mar 1 00:21:16.251: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from tftp://192.168.1.3/Switch1- confg.txt by console Switch1# After the transfer has completed, the prompt has changed from S1 to Switch1, because the running configuration is updated with the hostname Switch1 command in the modified running configuration. Enter the show running-config command to examine running configuration file. Switch1# show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 3062 bytes ! ! Last configuration change at 00:09:34 UTC Mon Mar 1 1993 ! version 15.0 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Switch1 ! boot-start-marker © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 17 of 29

boot-end-marker <output omitted> close configuration window Note : This procedure merges the running-config from the TFTP server with the current running-config in the switch or router. If changes were made to the current running- config, the commands in the TFTP copy are added. Alternatively, if the same command is issued, it updates the corresponding command in the switch or router current running- config. If you want to completely replace the current running-config with the one from the TFTP server, you must erase the switch startup-config and reload the device. You will then need to configure the VLAN 1 management address, so there is IP connectivity between the TFTP server and the switch. Use TFTP to Back Up and Restore the Router Running Configuration The backup and restore procedure from Part 3 can also be performed with a router. In Part 4, the running configuration file will be backed up and restored using a TFTP server. Verify connectivity to router R1 from PC-A. If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing. Transfer the running configuration from router R1 to TFTP server on PC-A. Open configuration window From the privileged EXEC mode on R1, enter the copy running-config tftp command. Provide the remote host address of the TFTP server, 192.168.1.3, and accept the default filename. Verify that the file has been transferred to the TFTP server. Restore the running configuration file to the router. Erase the startup-config file on the router. Reload the router. Configure the G0/0/1 interface on the router with an IP address 192.168.1.1. Verify connectivity between the router and PC-A. Use the copy command to transfer the running-config file from the TFTP server to the router. Use running-config as the destination. Verify the router has updated the running-config. Close configuration window Back Up and Restore Configurations Using Router Flash Memory Current generation Cisco routers do not have internal flash memory. The flash memory for these routers uses CompactFlash (CF) memory. The use of CF memory allows for more available flash memory and easier upgrades without the need to open the router case. Besides storing the necessary files, such as IOS images, the CF memory can store other files, such as a copy of the running configuration. In Part 5, you will create a backup copy of the running configuration file and save it on the USB memory on the router. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 18 of 29

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Note : If the router does not use CF, the router may not have enough flash memory for storing the backup copy of running configuration file. You should still read through the instructions and become familiar with the commands. Display the router file systems. The show file systems command displays the available file systems on the router. The flash0: file system is the default file system on this router as indicated by the asterisk (*) symbol (at the beginning of the line). The flash0: file system can also be referenced using the name flash: . The total size of the flash0: is approximately 7GB with about 6GB available. Currently flash0: and nvram: are the only available file systems. Open configuration window R1# show file systems File Systems: Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes - - opaque rw system: - - opaque rw tmpsys: * 7194652672 6299918336 disk rw bootflash: flash: 1804468224 1723789312 disk ro webui: - - opaque rw null: - - opaque ro tar: - - network rw tftp: - - opaque wo syslog: 33554432 33543116 nvram rw nvram: - - network rw rcp: - - network rw ftp: - - network rw http: - - network rw scp: - - network rw sftp: - - network rw https: - - opaque ro cns: Question: Where is the startup-config file located? nvram: Note : Verify there is at least 1 MB (1,048,576 bytes) of free space. If there is not enough space in the flash memory, please contact your instructor for further instructions. You can determine the size of flash memory and space available using the show flash or dir flash: command at the privileged EXEC prompt. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 19 of 29

Copy the router running configuration to flash. A file can be copied to flash by using the copy command at the privileged EXEC prompt. In this example, the file is copied into flash0: , because there is only one flash drive available as displayed in the previous step, and it is also the default file system. The R1-running- config-backup file is used as the filename for the backup running configuration file. Note : Remember that filenames are case-sensitive in the IOS file system. Copy the running configuration to flash memory. R1# copy running-config flash: Destination filename [running-config]? R1-running-config-backup 2169 bytes copied in 0.968 secs (2241 bytes/sec) Use dir command to verify the running-config has been copied to flash. R1# dir flash: Directory of bootflash:/ 11 drwx 16384 Aug 2 2019 04:15:13 +00:00 lost+found 370945 drwx 4096 Sep 25 2019 20:17:11 +00:00 .installer 338689 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:15:55 +00:00 .ssh 217729 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:17:59 +00:00 core 379009 drwx 4096 Sep 25 2019 20:19:13 +00:00 .prst_sync 80641 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:16:09 +00:00 .rollback_timer 161281 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:16:11 +00:00 gs_script 112897 drwx 77824 Sep 25 2019 20:23:03 +00:00 tracelogs 362881 drwx 4096 Aug 23 2019 17:19:54 +00:00 .dbpersist 298369 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:16:41 +00:00 virtual-instance 12 -rw- 30 Sep 25 2019 20:19:13 +00:00 throughput_monitor_params 8065 drwx 4096 Aug 2 2019 04:17:55 +00:00 onep 13 -rw- 35 Sep 25 2019 20:20:19 +00:00 pnp-tech-time 249985 drwx 4096 Aug 20 2019 17:40:11 +00:00 Archives 14 -rw- 64414 Sep 25 2019 20:20:28 +00:00 pnp-tech-discovery-summary 15 -rw- 3509 Sep 25 2019 20:24:32 +00:00 R1-running-config-backup 17 -rw- 5032908 Sep 19 2019 14:16:23 +00:00 isr4200_4300_rommon_1612_1r_SPA.pkg 18 -rw- 517153193 Sep 21 2019 04:24:04 +00:00 isr4200- universalk9_ias.16.09.04.SPA.bin 7194652672 bytes total (6299643904 bytes free) Use the more command to view the running-config file in flash memory. Examine the file output and scroll to the Interface section. Notice the no shutdown command is not included © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 20 of 29

with the GigabitEthernet0/1. The interface is shut down when this file is used to update the running configuration on the router. R1# more flash:R1-running-config-backup <output omitted> interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto <output omitted> Erase the startup configuration and reload the router. Restore the running configuration from flash. Verify the router has the default initial configuration. Copy the saved running-config file from flash to update the running-config. Router# copy flash:R1-running-config-backup running-config Use the show ip interface brief command to view the status of the interfaces. The interface GigabitEthernet0/1 was not enabled when the running configuration was updated, because it is administratively down. R1# show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.1 YES TFTP administratively down down Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Close configuration window The interface can be enabled using the no shutdown command in the interface configuration mode on the router. Another option is to add the no shutdown command for the GigabitEthernet0/0/1 interface to the saved file before updating the router running configuration file. This will be done in Part 5 using a saved file on a USB flash drive. Note : Because the IP address was configured by using a file transfer, TFTP is listed under the Method heading in the show ip interface brief output. (Optional) Use a USB Drive to Back Up and Restore the Running Configuration This instruction set cannot be executed on Netlab equipment, this has been included so that you can see how the process works. Please complete the two questions at the end. A USB flash drive can be used to backup and restore files on a router with an available USB port. One USB port is available on the 4221 routers. Note : USB ports are not available on all routers, but you should still become familiar with the commands. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 21 of 29

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Note : Some ISR G1 routers (1841, 2801, or 2811) use File Allocation Table (FAT) file systems, which results in a maximum size limit for the USB flash drives that can be used in this part of the lab. The recommended maximum size for an ISR G1 is 4 GB. If you receive the following message, the file system on the USB flash drive may be incompatible with the router or the capacity of the USB flash drive may have exceeded maximum size of the FAT file system on the router. *Feb 8 13:51:34.831: %USBFLASH-4-FORMAT: usbflash0 contains unexpected values in partition table or boot sector. Device needs formatting before use! Insert a USB flash drive into a USB port on the router. Notice the message on the terminal when inserting the USB flash drive. * Sep 24 23:00:33.242: %IOSD_INFRA-6-IFS_DEVICE_OIR: Device usb0 added Verify that the USB flash file system is available. Open configuration window R1# show file systems File Systems: Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes - - opaque rw system: - - opaque rw tmpsys: * 7194652672 6297677824 disk rw bootflash: flash: 256589824 256577536 disk rw usb0: 1804468224 1723789312 disk ro webui: - - opaque rw null: - - opaque ro tar: - - network rw tftp: - - opaque wo syslog: 33554432 33543116 nvram rw nvram: - - network rw rcp: - - network rw ftp: - - network rw http: - - network rw scp: - - network rw sftp: - - network rw https: - - opaque ro cns: Copy the running configuration file to the USB flash drive. Use the copy command to copy the running configuration file to the USB flash drive. R1# copy running-config usb0: Destination filename [running-config]? R1-running-config-backup.txt © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 22 of 29

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2198 bytes copied in 0.708 secs (3105 bytes/sec) List the file on the USB flash drive. Use the dir command (or show command) on the router to list the files on the USB flash drive. In this sample, a flash drive was inserted into USB port 0 on the router. R1# dir usb0: Directory of usb0:/ 6 -rwx 3539 Sep 25 2019 20:41:58 +00:00 R1-running-config-backup.txt 3 drwx 4096 Sep 24 2019 13:32:26 +00:00 System Volume Information 256589824 bytes total (256573440 bytes free) Erase the startup-config and reload the router. Modify the saved file. Remove the USB drive from the router. Router# *Sep 24 23:00:27.674: %IOSD_INFRA-6-IFS_DEVICE_OIR: Device usb0 removed Insert the USB drive into the USB port of a PC. Modify the file using a text editor. The no shutdown command is added to the GigabitEthernet0/0/1 interface. Save the file as a plain text file on to the USB flash drive. interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shutdown duplex auto speed auto Remove the USB flash drive from the PC safely. Restore the running configuration file to the router. Insert the USB flash drive into a USB port on the router. Notice the port number where the USB drive has been inserted if there is more than one USB port available on the router. * Sep 24 23:00:33.242: %IOSD_INFRA-6-IFS_DEVICE_OIR: Device usb0 added List the files on the USB flash drive. R1# dir usb0: Directory of usb0:/ 6 -rwx 3539 Sep 25 2019 20:41:58 +00:00 R1-running-config-backup.txt 3 drwx 4096 Sep 24 2019 13:32:26 +00:00 System Volume Information 256589824 bytes total (256573440 bytes free) Copy the running configuration file to the router. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 23 of 29

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Router# copy usb0:R1-running-config-backup.txt running-config Destination filename [running-config]? 2344 bytes copied in 0.184 secs (12739 bytes/sec) R1# Verify that the GigabitEthernet0/1 interface is enabled. R1# show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.1.1 YES TFTP up up Serial0/1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Serial0/1/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down The G0/1 interface is enabled because the modified running configuration included the no shutdown command. Close configuration window Reflection Questions 1. What command do you use to copy a file from the flash to a USB drive? copy flash:filename usb0: Type your answers here. 2. What command do you use to copy a file from the USB flash drive to a TFTP server? copy usb0:filename tftp: © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 24 of 29

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15.Router Interface Summary Table Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2 1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) 2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) 4221 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 (G0/0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1 (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) 4300 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/0 (G0/0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/0/1 (G0/0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) Note : To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. End of document Netlab 10.6.13-Reseach Password Recovery Procedures. Post your answers in red. Topology 16.Objectives Part 1: Research the Configuration Register © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 25 of 29

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 Identify the purpose of the configuration register.  Describe router behavior for different configuration register values. Part 2: Document the Password Recovery Procedure for a Specific Cisco Router  Research and record the process for password recovery on a specific Cisco router.  Answer questions based on the researched procedure. 17.Background / Scenario The purpose of this lab is to research the procedure for recovering or resetting the enable password on a specific Cisco router. The enable password protects access to privileged EXEC and configuration mode on Cisco devices. The enable password can be recovered, but the enable secret password is encrypted and would need to be replaced with a new password. In order to bypass a password, a user must be familiar with the ROM monitor (ROMMON) mode, as well as the configuration register setting for Cisco routers. ROMMON is basic CLI software stored in ROM that can be used to troubleshoot boot errors and recover a router when an IOS is not found. In this lab, you will begin by researching the purpose and settings of the configuration register for Cisco devices. You will then research and detail the exact procedure for password recovery for a specific Cisco router. 18.Required Resources  Device with internet access 19.Instructions Research the Configuration Register To recover or reset an enable password, a user will utilize the ROMMON interface to instruct the router to ignore the startup configuration when booting. When booted, the user will access privilege EXEC mode, overwrite the running configuration with the saved startup configuration, recover or reset the password, and restore the router’s boot process to include the startup configuration. The router’s configuration register plays a vital role in the process of password recovery. In the first part of this lab, you will research the purpose of a router’s configuration register and the meaning of certain configuration register values. Describe the purpose of the configuration register. Questions: What is the purpose of the configuration register? The purpose of the configuration register is to change router behavior (how the router boots, options for booting, console speed, etc.). Type your answers here. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 26 of 29

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What command changes the configuration register in global configuration mode? config-register What command changes the configuration register in ROMMON mode? confreg Determine configuration register values and their meanings. Questions: Research and list the router behavior for the following configuration register values. 0x2102 Ignores break. Boots into ROM if initial boot fails. Load the CISCO IOS software image from Flash memory. Load the startup configuration. Use a console speed of 9600 baud. Use console messages to show the boot sequence. 0x2142 Ignore break. Boots into ROM if initial boot fails. Uses a console speed of 9600 baud. Ignore the contents of NVRAM (ignores configuration). What is the difference between these two configuration register values? The 0x2102 setting is for normal router operation. The 0x2142 setting bypasses the start- up configuration allowing a user to recover or reset the enable password. Type your answers here. Document the Password Recovery Procedure for a Specific Cisco Router For Part 2, you will describe the exact procedure for recovering or resetting a password from a specific Cisco router and answer questions based on your research. Your instructor will provide you with the exact router model to research. Detail the process to recover a password on a specific Cisco router. Research and list the steps and commands that you need to recover or reset the enable or enable secret password from your Cisco router. Summarize the steps in your own words. Recovering the 2900 integrated services router password 1) Turn off router. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 27 of 29

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2) Remove compact flash card from back of the router. 3) Turn on router. 4) Reinsert compact flash card once router is on Rommon mode. 5) Type confreg 0x2142 at rommon 1> prompt to boot from Flash. 6) Type reset at rommon 2> prompt. 7) Type no after each setup question or press Ctrl-C to skip the setup procedure. 8) Type enable at Router> prompt. 9) Type configure memory or copy startup-config running-config to copy NVRAM into memory. 10) Type show run 11) Type conf t 12) Type enable secret <password> to change enable secret password. 13) Type no shutdown for each interface used (Type show ip int brief to display each interface that is “up”). 14) Type config-register <configuration_register_setting> 15) Type end to leave configuration mode. 16) Type copy run start to commit changes. Answer questions about the password recovery procedure. Using the process for password recovery, answer the following questions. Questions: Describe how to find the current setting for your configuration register. Use show version command. Describe the process for entering ROMMON mode. On the Cisco router: 1) Turn on router. 2) Press Ctrl-Break continuously while router is booting. 3) Press Break when router starts booting. What commands do you need to enter the ROMMON interface? confreg 0x2142 What message would you expect to see when the router boots? “Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: Why is it important to load the startup configuration into the running configuration? © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 28 of 29

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To avoid losing recent changes. Why is it important to change the configuration register back to the original value after recovering password? So the router doesn’t ignore the startup configuration. 20.Reflection Question Why is it of critical importance that a router be physically secured to prevent unauthorized access? Because the password recovery procedure can only be performed using a console connection, which requires direct physical access to the device, preventing unauthorized users access to the physical device is a crucial part of an overall security plan. Packet Tracer 10.7.6-Use TFTP Serve to Upgrade a Cisco IOS Image. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. Packet Tracer 10.8.1-Configure CDP, LLDP, and NTP. Post a screenshot of the completion screen below, make it the width of the page. © 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 29 of 29

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CSCO 220 Modules 9 and 10 Lab Packet-QoS and Network Management

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