Lab_11_worksheet

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Computer Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab 11: Chapter 15, Networks. Lab19_Manual.pdf, Networking. [40 marks] In all of the problems, you must show your work to qualify for the mark. Type your answer in this worksheet after each question. Submit the PDF version of completed worksheet with D2L. Introduction The "Packet Switching" applet simulates a reliable connection, which means that a big message is sent from source to destination without any packet loss. Host 0 (on the left) "packetize" the message into 10-character packets. Here you can see the first 10 characters, A very lon (the two spaces are part of the message) moving in a packet across the wire. The packet header contains type, destination (host 1 here), packet number, and checksum. There are three types of packets: DAT for data, ACK for acknowledgment, and NAK for negative acknowledgment. Checksum is used to detect errors in transferring data. This applet uses a simple checksum algorithm. It takes the ASCII value of each character, adds them up, and calculates the remainder of the sum over 256. For example, for this message checksum is: After the first packet arrives at host 1, it sends back an ACK packet to acknowledge that the data arrived successfully. The type of the packet is ACK; the destination is 0 (host 0), and the packet number that it sends back is 0, meaning that the packet number 0 has been received. There is no real data in an ACK packet, so the checksum is 0. This explains why the header is ACK 0 0 0. 1 type destination packet no. checksum

NAK means the packet received is damaged. Similar to ACK, the header indicates type, destination, packet number, and checksum (which is zero). Lab Readings 1. Chapter 15 – Networks 2. Lab 19 Networking (Lab19_Manual.pdf) Lab Questions 1. Lab 19 Networking (Lab19_Manual.pdf) a. [10] Exercise 1 There were 4 DAT and 4 ACK packets sent and received. There where 33 characters sent in DAT packets and since there are no data in ACK packets, therefore there were a total of 33 characters sent in total. NOTE: The example message in the Applet has 78 characters. Ignore the figure 52 mentioned in the PDF file and use 78 instead which matches the example. b. [10] Exercise 3 2. (TCP/IP) Start the TCP/IP applet. Send the following message: Computer Science Illuminated CPSC 1050 a. [2] How many packets of DAT and ACK are transmitted? b. [4] Write down the headers for each DAT and ACK packet, e.g.: DAT 1 0 144 c. [2] Calculate the checksum for the first DAT header. 2

d. [2] If each character or space in header counts for one character, and all DAT packets carry 10 characters (except possibly for the last one), and ACK packets have no data characters (just the header), calculate the total number of characters transmitted both ways. e. [4] How many characters are in the above message? How many extra characters are transmitted according to your answer to part d? Divide this number by the total number of characters to get the "overhead". What is the ratio of "useful data" to the total data transmitted over the network for the given message? 3. (TCP/IP) The message "Packet is a unit of data sent across the network" is to be sent over a reliable connection from node 0 to node 1. Here is a diagram of the first packet being sent: a. [2] Presuming that each packet can carry 10 characters of data, how many packets of DAT and ACK are required? b. [4] Presuming that the data header of each packet and the ACK packet is of the same size as in the diagram above (11 characters and 9 characters respectively), what is the ratio of "useful data" to the total data transmitted over the network for the given message? What is the "overhead"? Submit the PDF version of the completed worksheet with D2L. 3

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