Being an Effective Follower: Insights from Key Theorists

Exit Performance Chapter 6, Being an Effective Follower Due Feb 28, 2023 by 11:59 pm Final Score 100% 50 out of 90 questions answered correctly Completed on Mar 4, 2023 11:13 pm Incorrect (40) Report content error Which theorist developed a self-assessment for followers to explain behaviors and support self-reﬂection? Ira Chaleff 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 1/85

Rationale Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who developed a self-assessment for followers to help explain behaviors and provide for self-reﬂection. Dorothea Orem is a nursing theorist who proposed that as nurses move from novices to experienced practitioners, they are held more accountable for identifying the self-care needs of the patient and providing quality care as needed. Robert E. Kelley identified and defined five followership styles by asking questions about the ways followers follow. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. p. 91 Report content error Which theorist places followers as the central topic with leaders, organizations, peers, and everything else in the periphery? Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 2/85

Rationale The seminal work of business theorist Robert E. Kelley places followers as the central topic with leaders, organizations, peers, and everything else in the periphery and identifies five followership styles by asking questions about the ways that followers follow. Kelley also developed a self- assessment for followers to help them identify follower style and be effective in the follower role. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Test-Taking Tip: The most reliable way to ensure that you select the correct response to a multiple choice question is to recall it. Depend on your learning and memory to furnish the answer to the question. p. 91 Report content error Which statement describes the leader-follower relationship? Patricia Benner Followers should be submissive Leaders are the primary source of knowledge Leaders and followers have a partnership 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 3/85

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Rationale The relationship between leaders and followers is a true partnership built on trust and accountability. Effective followers are engaged team members who think for themselves, practice autonomy with decision-making responsibilities, and share accountability with leaders. Both leaders and followers are sources of knowledge. The relationship between leaders and followers is circular. p. 93 Report content error The nurse will use The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative guidelines to demonstrate which follower’s strategy for enhancing the patient experience? Rationale The follower’s role in enhancing the patient experience is voicing concerns. The leader’s role, not the follower’s role, includes creating trust, guiding decision making, and setting the tone on the unit. The relationship between leaders and followers is linear Creates trust Voices concerns Guides decision making Sets the tone on the unit 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 4/85

p. 94 Report content error Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the follower’s role in improving population health? Rationale Gaining a patient’s trust to ask questions is the role of the follower. Within the Quadruple Aim, the leader’s role, not the follower’s, includes encouraging participation and using open communication. Voicing concerns is a follower strategy for enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. p. 94 Report content error Voice concerns Encourage participation Use open communication Gain the patient’s trust to ask questions 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 5/85

Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which phrase reﬂects the expected outcome of improving population health? Rationale The expected outcome of improving population health within the Quadruple Aim initiative includes informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier. Engaging patients, decreasing errors, and improving the quality of care are among the expected outcomes of the Quadruple Aims goal, enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. Test-Taking Tip: Make sure that the answer you select is reasonable and obtainable under ordinary circumstances and the action can be carried out in the given situation. p. 94 Report content error Engaging patients Decreasing errors Improving quality of care Informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 6/85

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Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which action by the follower improves the work life of care providers? Rationale Committing to the organization is a strategy for followers to improve the work life of care providers. Safely increasing production is an expected outcome, not a follower strategy, for improving the work life of care providers. Reducing stress by trusting others is not among the strategies for followers to improve work life. Delegating tasks effectively without overloading others is a strategy included in the leader’s role, not the follower’s role, for improving the work life of care providers. p. 95 Report content error Nurses who take time to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient before and while providing care are demonstrating the nursing followership theory of which theorist? Commits to the organization Safely increases production Reduces stress by trusting others Delegates tasks effectively without overloading others Ira Chaleff 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 7/85

Rationale Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Dorothea Orem does not address leadership but addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Test-Taking Tip: You have at least a 25% chance of selecting the correct response in multiple choice items. If you are uncertain about a question, eliminate the choices you believe are wrong and then call on your knowledge, skills, and abilities to choose from the remaining responses. pp. 90-91 Report content error Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 8/85

Nursing theorist Ida Jean Orlando identifies which attribute as a characteristic of effective nursing leadership? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Ida Jean Orlando identifies active listening, promoting autonomy, encouraging investigation, and promoting instinctive actions as characteristics of effective nursing leaders. Patricia Benner, not Ida Jean Orlando, addresses the characteristic of nursing leaders helping new nurses gain experience. p. 91 Report content error Listens actively Promotes autonomy Encourages investigation Promotes instinctive actions Helps new nurses gain experience 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 9/85

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The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with public healthcare needs through the inclusion of which nursing behaviors? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with the need from the public for health care by the inclusion of the ideas that nurses should practice to the full extent of their training and education, partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care, and be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals. The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation did not suggest nurses follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care and be required to have a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice. p. 94 Report content error Follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care Require a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice Practice to the full extent of their training and education Partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care Be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 10/85

Which aspect is an expected outcome associated with The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Expected outcomes related to the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers include: an effective unit, reduced turnover, increased retention, and increased production. Decreased errors is not associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of health care; it is associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of enhancing patient experience. p. 94 Report content error Decreased errors An effective unit Reduced turnover Increased retention Increased production 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 11/85

When converting the transformational leadership model into a followership model, which characteristic is reﬂective of followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Effective followership demonstrates positive behaviors, inspires confidence in the care they provide, and demonstrates active membership in shared governance. Leadership characteristics include emphasizing the positive and promoting confidence in abilities. Test-Taking Tip: Be alert for details about what you are being asked to do. In this question type, you are asked to select all options that apply to a given situation or patient. All options likely relate to the situation, but some of the options may directly relate to the situation. p. 95 Report content error Emphasizes the positive Promotes confidence in abilities Demonstrates positive behaviors Inspires confidence in the care they provide Demonstrates active membership in shared governance 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 12/85

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Which statement describes the leader-follower relationship? Rationale The relationship between leaders and followers is a true partnership built on trust and accountability. Effective followers are engaged team members who think for themselves, practice autonomy with decision-making responsibilities, and share accountability with leaders. Both leaders and followers are sources of knowledge. The relationship between leaders and followers is circular. p. 93 Report content error The nurse will use The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative guidelines to demonstrate which follower’s strategy for enhancing the patient experience? Followers should be submissive Leaders are the primary source of knowledge Leaders and followers have a partnership The relationship between leaders and followers is linear Creates trust Voices concerns Guides decision making Sets the tone on the unit 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 13/85

Rationale The follower’s role in enhancing the patient experience is voicing concerns. The leader’s role, not the follower’s role, includes creating trust, guiding decision making, and setting the tone on the unit. p. 94 Report content error Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which phrase reﬂects the expected outcome of improving population health? Rationale The expected outcome of improving population health within the Quadruple Aim initiative includes informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier. Engaging patients, decreasing errors, and improving the quality of care are among the expected outcomes of the Quadruple Aims goal, enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. Test-Taking Tip: Make sure that the answer you select is reasonable and Engaging patients Decreasing errors Improving quality of care Informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 14/85

obtainable under ordinary circumstances and the action can be carried out in the given situation. p. 94 Report content error Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which action by the follower improves the work life of care providers? Rationale Committing to the organization is a strategy for followers to improve the work life of care providers. Safely increasing production is an expected outcome, not a follower strategy, for improving the work life of care providers. Reducing stress by trusting others is not among the strategies for followers to improve work life. Delegating tasks effectively without overloading others is a strategy included in the leader’s role, not the follower’s role, for improving the work life of care providers. p. 95 Commits to the organization Safely increases production Reduces stress by trusting others Delegates tasks effectively without overloading others 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 15/85

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Report content error Nurses who take time to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient before and while providing care are demonstrating the nursing followership theory of which theorist? Rationale Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Dorothea Orem does not address leadership but addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Test-Taking Tip: You have at least a 25% chance of selecting the correct response in multiple choice items. If you are uncertain about a question, eliminate the choices you believe are wrong and then call on your knowledge, skills, and abilities to choose from the remaining responses. Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 16/85

pp. 90-91 Report content error Nursing theorist Ida Jean Orlando identifies which attribute as a characteristic of effective nursing leadership? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Ida Jean Orlando identifies active listening, promoting autonomy, encouraging investigation, and promoting instinctive actions as characteristics of effective nursing leaders. Patricia Benner, not Ida Jean Orlando, addresses the characteristic of nursing leaders helping new nurses gain experience. p. 91 Listens actively Promotes autonomy Encourages investigation Promotes instinctive actions Helps new nurses gain experience 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 17/85

Report content error The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with public healthcare needs through the inclusion of which nursing behaviors? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with the need from the public for health care by the inclusion of the ideas that nurses should practice to the full extent of their training and education, partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care, and be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals. The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation did not suggest nurses follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care and be required to have a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice. p. 94 Follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care Require a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice Practice to the full extent of their training and education Partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care Be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 18/85

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Report content error Which aspect is an expected outcome associated with The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Expected outcomes related to the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers include: an effective unit, reduced turnover, increased retention, and increased production. Decreased errors is not associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of health care; it is associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of enhancing patient experience. p. 94 Report content error Decreased errors An effective unit Reduced turnover Increased retention Increased production 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 19/85

When converting the transformational leadership model into a followership model, which characteristic is reﬂective of followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Effective followership demonstrates positive behaviors, inspires confidence in the care they provide, and demonstrates active membership in shared governance. Leadership characteristics include emphasizing the positive and promoting confidence in abilities. Test-Taking Tip: Be alert for details about what you are being asked to do. In this question type, you are asked to select all options that apply to a given situation or patient. All options likely relate to the situation, but some of the options may directly relate to the situation. p. 95 Report content error Emphasizes the positive Promotes confidence in abilities Demonstrates positive behaviors Inspires confidence in the care they provide Demonstrates active membership in shared governance 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 20/85

Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which phrase reﬂects the expected outcome of improving population health? Rationale The expected outcome of improving population health within the Quadruple Aim initiative includes informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier. Engaging patients, decreasing errors, and improving the quality of care are among the expected outcomes of the Quadruple Aims goal, enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. Test-Taking Tip: Make sure that the answer you select is reasonable and obtainable under ordinary circumstances and the action can be carried out in the given situation. p. 94 Report content error Engaging patients Decreasing errors Improving quality of care Informing populations of patients to return to their communities healthier 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 21/85

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Which attribute is identified by researchers as characteristic of an effective follower? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Characteristics of effective followers include: communicating needs and concerns effectively, needing leaders who foster their professional growth, and identifying the practical aspects of nursing while providing input and asking questions. Relying solely on leadership for direction and guidance and being primarily concerned with working a required number of hours are characteristics of ineffective followers. p. 93 Report content error Which characteristic is the expected outcome for nursing units that foster effective followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Communicates needs and concerns effectively Needs leaders who foster their professional growth Relies solely on leadership for direction and guidance Focuses main concern on working the required number of hours Identifies the practical aspects of nursing while providing input and asking questions 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 22/85

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Rationale Nursing units that foster effective followers should expect increased productivity, better patient outcomes, decreased staff turnover, and increased morale on the entire unit. Complaining, finger-pointing, and a lack of loyalty to the healthcare organization are associated with ineffective fostering of followers. p. 93 Report content error As a follower, the direct care nurse will advance the goals of the healthcare team in which way? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Increased productivity Better patient outcomes Decreased staff turnover Complaining and finger-pointing Increased morale on the entire unit No loyalty to the healthcare organization Thinking critically Planning unit budgets Advocating for the patient Asking probing questions about care 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 23/85

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Rationale In nursing, the direct care nurse as a follower is trusted to think critically, advocate for the patient, ask probing questions about care, and educate patients about health and wellness. Although the direct care nurse works to provide cost-eﬃcient care, the nurse manager, not the direct care nurse, plans and implements nursing unit budgets. p. 90 Report content error Robert E. Kelly states an "alienated" group of followers will demonstrate which characteristic? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Robert E. Kelley describes the alienated group of followers as being smart, thinking for themselves, and having negative energy. The yes-people, not the alienated, lack vision and are always on the leader’s side. Educating patients about health and wellness Are smart Lack vision Think for themselves Have negative energy Always on the leader’s side 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 24/85

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pp. 91-92 Report content error Which characteristic is the expected outcome for nursing units that foster effective followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Nursing units that foster effective followers should expect increased productivity, better patient outcomes, decreased staff turnover, and increased morale on the entire unit. Complaining, finger-pointing, and a lack of loyalty to the healthcare organization are associated with ineffective fostering of followers. p. 93 Increased productivity Better patient outcomes Decreased staff turnover Complaining and finger-pointing Increased morale on the entire unit No loyalty to the healthcare organization 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 25/85

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Report content error As a follower, the direct care nurse will advance the goals of the healthcare team in which way? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale In nursing, the direct care nurse as a follower is trusted to think critically, advocate for the patient, ask probing questions about care, and educate patients about health and wellness. Although the direct care nurse works to provide cost-eﬃcient care, the nurse manager, not the direct care nurse, plans and implements nursing unit budgets. p. 90 Report content error Thinking critically Planning unit budgets Advocating for the patient Asking probing questions about care Educating patients about health and wellness 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 26/85

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Robert E. Kelly states an "alienated" group of followers will demonstrate which characteristic? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Robert E. Kelley describes the alienated group of followers as being smart, thinking for themselves, and having negative energy. The yes-people, not the alienated, lack vision and are always on the leader’s side. pp. 91-92 Report content error Which characteristic is the expected outcome for nursing units that foster effective followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Are smart Lack vision Think for themselves Have negative energy Always on the leader’s side Increased productivity Better patient outcomes Decreased staff turnover 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 27/85

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Rationale Nursing units that foster effective followers should expect increased productivity, better patient outcomes, decreased staff turnover, and increased morale on the entire unit. Complaining, finger-pointing, and a lack of loyalty to the healthcare organization are associated with ineffective fostering of followers. p. 93 Report content error As a follower, the direct care nurse will advance the goals of the healthcare team in which way? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Complaining and finger-pointing Increased morale on the entire unit No loyalty to the healthcare organization Thinking critically Planning unit budgets Advocating for the patient Asking probing questions about care Educating patients about health and wellness 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 28/85

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In nursing, the direct care nurse as a follower is trusted to think critically, advocate for the patient, ask probing questions about care, and educate patients about health and wellness. Although the direct care nurse works to provide cost-eﬃcient care, the nurse manager, not the direct care nurse, plans and implements nursing unit budgets. p. 90 Report content error Robert E. Kelly states an "alienated" group of followers will demonstrate which characteristic? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Robert E. Kelley describes the alienated group of followers as being smart, thinking for themselves, and having negative energy. The yes-people, not the alienated, lack vision and are always on the leader’s side. pp. 91-92 Are smart Lack vision Think for themselves Have negative energy Always on the leader’s side 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 29/85

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Report content error Which characteristic is the expected outcome for nursing units that foster effective followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Nursing units that foster effective followers should expect increased productivity, better patient outcomes, decreased staff turnover, and increased morale on the entire unit. Complaining, finger-pointing, and a lack of loyalty to the healthcare organization are associated with ineffective fostering of followers. p. 93 Report content error Increased productivity Better patient outcomes Decreased staff turnover Complaining and finger-pointing Increased morale on the entire unit No loyalty to the healthcare organization 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 30/85

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Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the leader’s role in improving the work life of care providers? Rationale Reducing stress by trusting followers is included in the leader’s role for improving the work life of care providers. Committing to the organization, reducing stress by increasing autonomy, and feeling accomplished and important when given a voice are strategies for the followers, not leaders, to improve the work life of care providers. p. 95 Report content error Which theorist developed a self-assessment for followers to explain behaviors and support self-reﬂection? Commits to the organization Reduces stress by trusting followers Reduces stress by increasing autonomy Feels accomplished and important because of having a voice Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 31/85

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Rationale Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who developed a self-assessment for followers to help explain behaviors and provide for self-reﬂection. Dorothea Orem is a nursing theorist who proposed that as nurses move from novices to experienced practitioners, they are held more accountable for identifying the self-care needs of the patient and providing quality care as needed. Robert E. Kelley identified and defined five followership styles by asking questions about the ways followers follow. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. p. 91 Report content error Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the leader’s role in improving the work life of care providers? Rationale Commits to the organization Reduces stress by trusting followers Reduces stress by increasing autonomy Feels accomplished and important because of having a voice 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 32/85

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Reducing stress by trusting followers is included in the leader’s role for improving the work life of care providers. Committing to the organization, reducing stress by increasing autonomy, and feeling accomplished and important when given a voice are strategies for the followers, not leaders, to improve the work life of care providers. p. 95 Report content error Nurses who take time to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient before and while providing care are demonstrating the nursing followership theory of which theorist? Rationale Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about a patient. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 33/85

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care. Dorothea Orem does not address leadership but addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Test-Taking Tip: You have at least a 25% chance of selecting the correct response in multiple choice items. If you are uncertain about a question, eliminate the choices you believe are wrong and then call on your knowledge, skills, and abilities to choose from the remaining responses. pp. 90-91 Report content error The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with public healthcare needs through the inclusion of which nursing behaviors? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care Require a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice Practice to the full extent of their training and education Partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care Be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 34/85

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The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation expanded the reach of nursing practice to assist with the need from the public for health care by the inclusion of the ideas that nurses should practice to the full extent of their training and education, partner with other healthcare professionals to redesign health care, and be full partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals. The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation did not suggest nurses follow the lead of physicians in redesigning health care and be required to have a baccalaureate degree for entry into nursing practice. p. 94 Report content error Which aspect is an expected outcome associated with The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Decreased errors An effective unit Reduced turnover Increased retention Increased production 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 35/85

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Expected outcomes related to the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of healthcare providers include: an effective unit, reduced turnover, increased retention, and increased production. Decreased errors is not associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of improving the work life of health care; it is associated with the Quadruple Aim goal of enhancing patient experience. p. 94 Report content error When converting the transformational leadership model into a followership model, which characteristic is reﬂective of followers? Select all that apply. Some correct answers were not selected Rationale Effective followership demonstrates positive behaviors, inspires confidence in the care they provide, and demonstrates active membership in shared governance. Leadership characteristics include emphasizing the positive and promoting confidence in abilities. Emphasizes the positive Promotes confidence in abilities Demonstrates positive behaviors Inspires confidence in the care they provide Demonstrates active membership in shared governance 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 36/85

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Test-Taking Tip: Be alert for details about what you are being asked to do. In this question type, you are asked to select all options that apply to a given situation or patient. All options likely relate to the situation, but some of the options may directly relate to the situation. p. 95 Correct (50) Report content error In nursing, followers are often healthcare team members trusted to think critically, ask probing questions about care, and advocate for the patient. Which employee is an example of this role in nursing? Rationale In nursing, the follower is often the direct care nurse who is trusted to think critically, ask probing questions about care, and advocate for the patient. Pharmacists and social workers are not employed within nursing. Unlicensed assistive personnel work within nursing but they are not the care providers trusted to think critically, ask probing questions about care, and advocate for the patient. Pharmacist Social worker Direct care nurse Unlicensed assistive personnel 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 37/85

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Test-Taking Tip: Key words or phrases in the question stem such as first, primary, early , or best are important. Similarly, words such as only, always, never , and all in the alternatives are frequently evidence of a wrong response. No real absolutes exist in life; however, every rule has its exceptions, so answer with care. p. 90 Report content error Which nursing theorist proposed that as nurses move from novices to experienced practitioners, they are held increasingly accountable for identifying patients’ self-care needs and providing quality care as needed? Rationale Dorothea Orem proposes that as nurses move from novices to experienced practitioners, they are held more accountable for identifying the self-care needs of patients and providing quality care as needed. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 38/85

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by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions have about a patient. pp. 90-91 Report content error Which theorist states leaders do not live or thrive without followers? Rationale Robert E. Kelley decided the world of business needed to pay attention to followers. As such, he stated that leaders do not live and thrive without followers. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Dorothea Orem is not a business theorist but rather a nursing theorist who proposed that as nurses move from novices to experienced practitioners, they are held more accountable for identifying the self-care needs patients and providing quality care as needed. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 39/85

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fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. p. 91 Report content error Which nursing theorist places the nurse in an active, participatory role and specifically holds the nurse accountable for patient care needs identified as lacking? Rationale Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within nursing and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking within the patient care provided. Robert E. Kelley is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who decided that the world of business needed to pay attention to followers. He stated leaders do not live and thrive without followers. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and investigate any assumptions they have about patients. Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 40/85

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p. 91 Report content error 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 41/85

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Which nursing theorist addresses self-care of patients and describes nursing as being needed when patients are limited in or lack the ability to care for themselves? Rationale Dorothea Orem addressed the self-care of patients and described nursing as being needed when patients cannot care for themselves or are limited in the care of themselves. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions have about the patient. p. 91 Report content error Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 42/85

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Which nursing theorist does not specifically address leadership but addresses the nurse as the person who participates in patient care and educates patients? Rationale Dorothea Orem does not specifically address leadership but addresses the nurse as the person who participates in patient care and educates the patient. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states that nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions have about the patient. Test-Taking Tip: Make certain that the answer you select is reasonable and obtainable under ordinary circumstances and that the action can be carried out in the given situation. p. 90 Report content error Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 43/85

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The new graduate nursing orientation program supports professional development throughout the nurse’s career. Which theorist developed this approach? Rationale Patricia Benner developed a novice-to-expert theory that addresses how nurses progress throughout their careers. Robert E. Kelley decided that the world of business needed to pay attention to followers; he stated leaders do not live and thrive without followers. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Ida Jean Orlando requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they have about patients. p. 91 Report content error Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 44/85

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Novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers, they also rely on their professional experiences. Which nursing theorist proposed this view? Rationale Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Robert E. Kelley identified and defined five followership styles by asking questions about the ways followers follow. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions have about patients. p. 91 Report content error Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 45/85

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Which nursing theorist developed a model that incorporates both nursing practice and leadership? Rationale Ida Jean Orlando developed the model that incorporates both nursing practice and nursing leadership. Robert E. Kelley is a business theorist who stated leaders do not live and thrive without followers. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Test-Taking Tip: Because few things in life are absolute without exceptions, avoid selecting answers that include words such as always , never , all , every , and none . Answers containing these key words are rarely correct. p. 91 Report content error Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 46/85

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Which theorist identified five followership styles by asking questions about the ways followers follow? Rationale The seminal work of business theorist Robert E. Kelley places followers as the central topic with leaders, organizations, peers, and everything else in the periphery and identifies five followership styles by asking questions about the ways that followers follow. Kelley also developed a self- assessment for followers to help them identify follower style and be effective in the follower role. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Test-Taking Tip: Once you have decided on an answer, look at the stem again. Does your choice answer the question that was asked? If the question asks "why" be sure the response you have chosen is a reason. If the question choice is singular, then be sure the option is singular, and the same for plural stems and plural responses. Many times, checking to make sure that the choice makes sense in relation to the stem will reveal the correct answer. p. 91 Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 47/85

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Report content error Which theorist only addresses leadership by describing the support given by leaders to followers in challenging situations? Rationale Business theorist Ira Chaleff addresses leadership only by describing the support given by leaders to followers in challenging situations and states followers should question, challenge, and support leaders. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Robert E. Kelley identified and defined five followership styles by asking questions about the ways followers follow. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. p. 91-92 Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 48/85

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Report content error Which concept opens up engagement and increases trust and inﬂuence in the leader–follower relationship? Rationale Communication opens up engagement and increases trust and inﬂuence to and from leaders and followers. Guidance and direction signify leaders as sources of knowledge and power to submissive followers, which does not open up communication, increase trust or increase the inﬂuence to and from leaders and followers. Knowledge is important, but does not lead to more open engagement, increased trust, and increase the inﬂuence to and from leaders and followers. p. 93 Report content error Guidance Direction Knowledge Communication 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 49/85

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The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Report acknowledges nurses contribute to the health and well-being of the populations they serve in which way? Rationale The National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Report acknowledges nurses have always contributed to the health and well-being of the populations whom they serve through advocating for improved outcomes. Although nurses contribute to the health and well-being of populations they serve through providing direct care, educating patients and families, and collaborating with other health team members, these actions are not the contributions acknowledged by the National Academy of Medicine and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. p. 94 Report content error Providing direct patient care Educating patients and families Advocating for improved outcomes Collaborating with other health team members 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 50/85

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Which behaviors are characteristic of effective followers? Select all that apply. Rationale Effective followers communicate needs and concerns effectively and courageously. They are positive, and they support leaders within the organization. The effective follower has the potential to not only inﬂuence leadership but also inﬂuence co-workers. Ineffective leaders rely solely on leadership for all direction and guidance. They hardly ever offer solutions and only complain about problems. Test-Taking Tip: Start by reading each of the answer options carefully. Usually at least one of them will be clearly wrong. Eliminate this one from consideration. Now you have reduced the number of response choices by one and improved the odds. Continue to analyze the options. If you can eliminate one more choice in a four-option question, you have reduced the odds to 50/50. While you are eliminating the wrong choices, recall often occurs. One of the options may serve as a trigger that causes you to remember what a few seconds ago had seemed completely forgotten. p. 93 Demonstrate support for leaders within the organization Communicate concerns effectively and courageously Rely on leadership for all direction and guidance Offer solutions to problems rarely Inﬂuence leadership and co-workers 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 51/85

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Report content error According to The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the leader’s role in improving population health? Rationale Within the Quadruple Aim, the leader’s role in improving population health includes encouraging participation. Setting the tone on the unit and actively listening to concerns are related to enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. Gaining the patient’s trust to ask questions is the role of the follower, not the leader, within the Quadruple Aim. p. 94 Report content error Encourage participation Set the tone on the unit Actively listen to concerns Gain the patient’s trust to ask questions 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 52/85

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The nurse teaching new graduates states the nurse follower is an individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Which nursing theorist addresses the nurse follower in this way? Rationale Dorothea Orem addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Patricia Benner’s theory states nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas through open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they may have about a patient. pp. 90-91 Report content error Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 53/85

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The nurse maintains ﬂexibility to new ideas through open communication with colleagues and supervisors, fully experiences active learning on the job, and gains more experience to develop expertise in patient care. Which theorist addresses a nurse follower in this way? Rationale Patricia Benner’s theory states nurse followers can remain ﬂexible to new ideas though open communication, which allows nurses to gain even more knowledge by fully experiencing active learning on the job in addition to gaining more experience to develop their expertise in patient care. Ira Chaleff is not a nursing theorist but a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Dorothea Orem addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Ida Jean Orlando’s theory requires nurses to incorporate their ideas and feelings and to investigate any assumptions they may have about a patient. pp. 90-91 Report content error Ira Chaleff Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 54/85

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Robert E. Kelly identifies which group of followers as passive, not thinking for themselves, and having no motivation to succeed? Rationale The sheep are described by Kelley as passive, not thinking for themselves, and having no motivation to succeed. The alienated think for themselves, are smart, and have negative energy. Yes-people are always on the leader’s side, look to the leader for thinking and direction, and they lack vision. Pragmatics are never the first onboard with new ideas and preserve the status quo. Test-Taking Tip: Read the question carefully before looking at the answers: (1) Determine what the question is really asking and look for key words; (2) read each answer thoroughly to see if it completely covers the material the question asks; and (3) narrow the choices by immediately eliminating answers you know are incorrect. pp. 91-92 Report content error Sheep Alienated Yes-people Pragmatics 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 55/85

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Robert E. Kelley identified those who think for themselves, demonstrate positive energy, independently evaluate situations, and are the go-to person for alternative resolutions to issues as which type of followers in a healthcare organization? Rationale Robert E. Kelley identified the followers who think for themselves, demonstrate positive energy, independently evaluate situations, and are the go-to person for alternative resolutions to issues as stars . The sheep are described by Kelley as passive, not thinking for themselves, and having no motivation to succeed. The yes-people are always on the leader’s side, look to the leader for thinking and direction, and they lack vision. The pragmatics are never the first onboard with new ideas and they preserve the status quo. Test-Taking Tip: You have at least a 25% chance of selecting the correct response in multiple choice items. If you are uncertain about a question, eliminate the choices you believe are wrong, and then call on your knowledge, skills, and abilities to choose from the remaining responses. pp. 91-92 Stars Sheep Yes-people Pragmatics 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 56/85

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Report content error The nurse manager of a large medical-surgical unit wants to ensure brief and concise daily communication exchange that engages team members to identify any important needs or safety issues. Which strategy should the nurse manager use to communicate in this way? Rationale The nurse manager of a large unit would implement the huddle as a daily brief and concise communication exchange that engages team members to identify any important needs or safety issues. Emails can become lost within the team’s electronic mailboxes, not be identified as urgent or important, or may go unread. Newsletters, in either paper or electronic form, will not be identified by the team as urgent or important and there is no way to ensure that they are read. Daily staff meetings would not be feasible. p. 93 Report content error Email Huddle Newsletter Staff meeting 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 57/85

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Using the dynamic nurse–patient relationship model, the nurse will investigate his or her own instincts to improve patient care. Which nursing theorist’s theory is the nurse following? Rationale Ida Jean Orlando developed the dynamic nurse–patient relationship model. Orlando’s model states nurses have instincts about patient care that should be investigated to determine what might be harming or wrong with a patient. Robert E. Kelley is a business theorist who stated leaders do not live and thrive without followers. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. pp. 90-91 Report content error Robert Kelley Patricia Benner Dorothea Orem Ida Jean Orlando 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 58/85

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Business theorist Robert E. Kelly describes which group of followers as lacking vision, always on the leader’s side, and looking to the leader for thinking and direction? Rationale Yes-people are always on the leader’s side, look to the leader for thinking and direction, and they lack vision. The sheep are described by Kelley as passive, not thinking for themselves, and having no motivation to succeed. The alienated think for themselves, are smart, and have negative energy. Pragmatics are never the first on board with new ideas and they preserve the status quo. pp. 91-92 Report content error The nurse leader in a healthcare organization is allowing accountability for decision making to be shared with the people he or she supervises. Which action is the nurse leader taking? Sheep Alienated Yes-people Pragmatics Active listening 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 59/85

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Rationale Nursing leaders who release control to create an active learning environment allow the accountability of decision making to be shared with those they supervise. Active listening, giving direction, and guiding subordinates are actions by which leaders interact with their subordinates but do not indicate sharing of decision-making accountability with subordinates. p. 92 Report content error Within The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the follower’s role in improving population health? Rationale Giving direction Releasing of control Guiding subordinates Voice concerns Encourage participation Use open communication Gain the patient’s trust to ask questions 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 60/85

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Gaining a patient’s trust to ask questions is the role of the follower. Within the Quadruple Aim, the leader’s role, not the follower’s, includes encouraging participation and using open communication. Voicing concerns is a follower strategy for enhancing the patient experience, not improving population health. p. 94 Report content error Which statement describes the leader-follower relationship? Rationale The relationship between leaders and followers is a true partnership built on trust and accountability. Effective followers are engaged team members who think for themselves, practice autonomy with decision-making responsibilities, and share accountability with leaders. Both leaders and followers are sources of knowledge. The relationship between leaders and followers is circular. p. 93 Followers should be submissive Leaders are the primary source of knowledge Leaders and followers have a partnership The relationship between leaders and followers is linear 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 61/85

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Report content error The nurse will use The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative guidelines to demonstrate which follower’s strategy for enhancing the patient experience? Rationale The follower’s role in enhancing the patient experience is voicing concerns. The leader’s role, not the follower’s role, includes creating trust, guiding decision making, and setting the tone on the unit. p. 94 Report content error Which actions are examples of a nurse following the lead of the manager? Select all that apply. Creates trust Voices concerns Guides decision making Sets the tone on the unit Collaborating with a group Collecting data for a quality measure 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 62/85

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Rationale The leader/manager guides people toward a common goal and sets the tone within the unit, whereas the follower is a supporter. Following the lead of the manager includes collaborating with a group, collecting data for a quality measure, retrieving outcomes for dissemination, and relieving other staff in need. Rewarding excellence in care and explaining organizational goals are leadership activities. pp. 92-93 Report content error Which statement reﬂects a benefit of open communication between leaders and followers within a healthcare organization? Select all that apply. Rewarding excellence in care Retrieving outcomes for dissemination Relieving other staff in need Explaining organizational goals Enhanced confidence Increased trust and inﬂuence Decreased errors and negative outcomes Increased presence of leaders at the bedside, gaining patient trust Enhanced care planning because of important patient information shared by followers 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 63/85

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Rationale Communication opens up engagement between an organization’s leaders and followers and enhances confidence. Open communication also increases trust and inﬂuence to and from the leaders and decreases errors and negative outcomes. Followers are often privy to patient information that leaders are not and can provide significant input for care planning. It is the followers, not the leaders, who are more often at bedside where they can gain a patient’s trust. Test-Taking Tip: Be alert for details about what you are being asked to do. In this question type, you are asked to select all options that apply to a given situation or patient. All options likely relate to the situation, but only some of the options may relate directly to the situation. p. 90 Report content error According to Robert E. Kelly, pragmatic nurse followers demonstrate which characteristic? Select all that apply. Rationale Passive No motivation Preserve the status quo Don’t think for themselves Never the first on board with change 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 64/85

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The pragmatics are never the first on board with new ideas and they preserve the status quo. The sheep, not the pragmatics, are described by Kelley as passive, not thinking for themselves, and having no motivation to succeed. pp. 91-92 Report content error 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 65/85

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Shared accountability and a partnership of trust between leaders and those they supervise inspires which behavior in team members? Select all that apply. Rationale Sharing accountability fosters a partnership of trust between leaders and those they supervise by inspiring team members to speak up and voice their opinions and concerns. Being a follower does not place a subservient in a submissive role. On the contrary, having the courage to serve speaks volumes about the humbling ability of the follower. Followers have the ability to inﬂuence other staff and leaders. p. 92 Report content error The most effective leaders help followers thrive within the healthcare organization by demonstrating which behavior? Speaking up Subservience Submissiveness Voicing opinions Verbalizing concerns Fostering professional growth Guiding toward a common goal 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 66/85

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Rationale Effective followers need leaders who foster professional growth. Effective followers then inﬂuence the leader by providing intelligent and experience-driven suggestions for solutions. Guiding toward a common goal, providing clear and concise direction, and setting the tone within the organization are traditional leader behaviors but are not specific to helping effective followers thrive. Test-Taking Tip: Read the question carefully before looking at the answers. (1) Determine what the question is really asking and look for key words; (2) read each answer thoroughly and see if it completely covers the material the question asks; and (3) narrow the choices by immediately eliminating answers you know are incorrect. p. 93 Report content error Which characteristic describes the relationship between an effective nurse follower and the healthcare organization where he or she is employed? Select all that apply. Providing clear and concise direction Setting the tone within the organization Fosters partnerships Loyal to the organization Does not question authority Supports leadership in every nursing area 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 67/85

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Rationale Effective nurse followers foster partnerships within the organization, are loyal to the organization, support leadership in every nursing area, and demonstrate commitment to the organization. Ineffective followers do not question authority and consistently rely on leaders for direction rather than self-managing and taking initiative. p. 93 Report content error Which aspect is a characteristic of ineffective followers in a healthcare organization? Select all that apply. Rationale Consistently relies on the leaders for direction Demonstrates commitment to the organization Does not question authority Has diﬃculty voicing concerns Asks questions to clarify issues Rarely offers solutions to problems Relies solely on the leaders for direction Communicates needs and concerns effectively 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 68/85

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Characteristics of ineffective followers include not questioning authority, having diﬃculty voicing concerns, rarely offering solutions to problems, and relying solely on the leaders for direction. Effective followers, not ineffective followers, ask questions to clarify issues and communicate needs and concerns effectively. p. 93 Report content error Which action by the nurse demonstrates effective followership? Rationale Preparing for the unit committee meeting by reviewing the agenda and associated materials to actively participate in the meeting demonstrates thinking critically and being a self-starter. The nurse correctly administering medication to patients and providing care eﬃciently, the nurse assessing the clinical situation and appropriately delegating care to unlicensed assistive personnel, and the nurse completing the care of The nurse correctly administers medication to patients and provides care eﬃciently. The nurse assesses the clinical situation and appropriately delegates care to unlicensed assistive personnel. The nurse completes the care of assigned patients adequately and works the scheduled hours to obtain a biweekly paycheck. The nurse prepares for a unit committee meeting by reviewing the agenda and associated materials to actively participate in the meeting. 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 69/85

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assigned patients adequately and working the scheduled hours to obtain a biweekly paycheck demonstrate doing what is required to get the job done but not doing anything above what is minimally required. Doing only the "bare minimum" is not effective followership. p. 93 Report content error Which nursing action demonstrates effective followership? Rationale Agreeing to ﬂoat to another unit to work a shift when staﬃng needs on that unit are more critical than the needs of the home unit demonstrates effective followership. In this situation the nurse is looking beyond what is going on his or her home unit to the big picture within the organization. Consistently arriving late to staff meetings demonstrates ineffective followership. Considering which nursing tasks need to be completed before going to lunch demonstrates a focus on short-term objectives. Focusing on the number of patients each nurse is assigned, unrelated to patient acuity levels, demonstrates inﬂexibility. The nurse consistently arrives late to scheduled staff meetings. Before going to lunch, the nurse considers which tasks still need to be done. The nurse focuses on the number of patients each nurse is assigned, unrelated to patient acuity levels. The nurse agrees to ﬂoat to another unit to work because staﬃng needs of that unit are more critical than on the nurse’s home unit. 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 70/85

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p. 93 Report content error Which nursing intervention demonstrates the active participatory role of the nurse follower who is intelligently contributing to patient care and educating patients when needed? Select all that apply. Rationale Dorothea Orem addresses the nurse follower as the individual who, through an active, participatory role, intelligently contributes to patient care and educates the patient when needed. Teaching a patient adaptive coping strategies, providing patient care in the postanesthesia unit, guiding a new mother through breastfeeding, and assisting a postoperative patient with ambulating in the hall all demonstrate active, participatory, intelligent contributions to patient care and patient education. Observing the nursing student administering insulin to a patient is a passive, nonparticipatory role that does not directly contribute to patient care. Teaching adaptive coping strategies to a patient Providing patient care in the postanesthesia unit Guiding a new mother through the process of breastfeeding Assisting a postoperative patient with ambulating in the hall Observing the nursing student who is administering insulin to a patient 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 71/85

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Test-Taking Tip: Do not worry if you select the same numbered answer repeatedly, because there usually is no pattern to the answers. p. 90 Report content error A patient at the rehabilitation center has not ambulated for several days and currently needs to use a wheelchair. The patient tells the nurse he or she would like to go to the dining room for meals. It is a holiday weekend and the nurse knows staﬃng has been reduced. Which action by the nurse will actively and intelligently contribute to patient care? Rationale The nurse requesting help to prevent personal injury helps the patient get some exercise and facilitates the patient’s nutrition and socialization needs. This action demonstrates active and intelligent contribution to patient care, as per Orem’s model. Ordering an electronic lift device when available may not arrive in time for the patient’s use. Leaving the patient in Order an electronic lift when available to move the patient to the wheelchair Tell the patient that because staﬃng is reduced, he or she will be served dinner in bed Help the patient into the wheelchair when a staff member has time (2 hours before dinner) Request help from a neighboring unit to assist in transferring the patient to the wheelchair just before dinner is served 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 72/85

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bed for dinner fails to provide him or her with any exercise and increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis and skin breakdown. Assisting the patient to a wheelchair 2 hours before dinner increases the risk of physical discomfort and potential skin breakdown. p. 90 Report content error In which way does a cohesive relationship between leaders and followers reduce skill-based errors, infections, and mortality and provide patients with a better experience? Select all that apply. Rationale A cohesive relationship between leaders and followers will reduce skill- based errors because followers are not afraid to ask questions and trust leaders for guidance and open communication. A cohesive relationship reduces infection and mortality because leaders trust the concerns of the followers in detrimental situations. Overall, the outcome will be a better experience for patients. Leaders are not seen as the sole sources of power Followers are not afraid to ask needed questions. Leaders are the sole sources of power and knowledge. Followers trust leaders for guidance and open communication. Leaders trust the concerns of the followers in detrimental situations. Leaders trust the followers to contact them before making any decisions. 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 73/85

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and knowledge and leaders do not trust that followers will contact them, or even need to contact them, before making decisions. p. 94 Report content error The National Academy of Medicine has called for nurses to be partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals. Which change for effective followers in a healthcare organization would result from this partnership? Select all that apply. Rationale The fact that the National Academy of Medicine is calling for the nursing workforce to be partners with physicians and other healthcare professionals means that as effective followers, nurses’ positions are elevated, nurses are heard, the nurses’ voices have merit, and nurses’ skills are acknowledged. The initiative did not elevate physician positions or acknowledge physicians’ skills. Elevates nurses’ positions Allows nurses to be heard Gives nurses’ voices merit Acknowledges nurses’ skills Elevates physician positions Acknowledges physicians’ skills 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 74/85

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p. 94 Report content error Which strategy allows the nurse to be an effective follower? Select all that apply. Rationale Suggestions offered on how to be an effective follower include: being professional, having courage to voice concerns, not being afraid to ask questions, and trusting in own knowledge and instincts. Being cautious in asking questions and taking a passive, not an active, role in the organization are not suggested ways to be an effective follower. p. 97 Report content error Be professional Have courage to voice concerns Be cautious in asking questions Don’t be afraid to ask questions Take a passive role in the organization Trust in own knowledge and instincts 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 75/85

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Which characteristic do followers expect leaders to demonstrate? Select all that apply. Rationale Followers have the expectation that leaders will be empathetic, accessible, trustworthy, and invested in employee development. Exemplary followers, not leaders, are expected to be committed and independent. p. 97 (literature perspective) Report content error When transforming leadership models into followership models, which follower characteristic is directly related to patient care? Select all that apply. Empathy Accessibility Commitment Independence Trustworthiness Investment in employee development Motivates patients Advocates for patients Commits to evidence-based, quality care 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 76/85

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Rationale When transforming leadership models into followership models, the characteristics of the follower directly related to patient care include: advocating for patients, committing to evidence-based quality care, inspiring confidence in the care they provide, and identifying individual needs of patients and relating them to leadership. Motivating patients is not identified as a direct patient care-related characteristic of followers in the transformation of leadership models to followership. p. 95 Report content error Which attribute is identified by researchers as characteristic of an effective follower? Select all that apply. Inspires confidence in the care they provide Identifies the individual needs of the patient and relates them to leadership Communicates needs and concerns effectively Needs leaders who foster their professional growth Relies solely on leadership for direction and guidance Focuses main concern on working the required number of hours Identifies the practical aspects of nursing while providing input and asking questions 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 77/85

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Rationale Characteristics of effective followers include: communicating needs and concerns effectively, needing leaders who foster their professional growth, and identifying the practical aspects of nursing while providing input and asking questions. Relying solely on leadership for direction and guidance and being primarily concerned with working a required number of hours are characteristics of ineffective followers. p. 93 Report content error As a follower, the direct care nurse will advance the goals of the healthcare team in which way? Select all that apply. Rationale In nursing, the direct care nurse as a follower is trusted to think critically, advocate for the patient, ask probing questions about care, and educate patients about health and wellness. Although the direct care nurse works to provide cost-eﬃcient care, the nurse manager, not the direct care nurse, plans and implements nursing unit budgets. p. 90 Thinking critically Planning unit budgets Advocating for the patient Asking probing questions about care Educating patients about health and wellness 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 78/85

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Report content error 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 79/85

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Nurses in leader and follower roles are expected to fulfill which goal of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s (IHI) Triple Aim initiative? Rationale The Triple Aim initiative was developed in 2008 by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Nurses in both leader and follower roles are expected to fulfill the ultimate Triple Aim goal of improving the health of the communities where they reside. Nurses obtaining a baccalaureate degree for entry into practice, preventing an ongoing nursing shortage in the communities where they reside, and implementing a professional clinical ladder to acknowledge excellence in nursing are not ultimate goals of IHI’s Triple Aim. Test-Taking Tip: Identify option components as correct or incorrect. This may help you identify a wrong answer. p. 94 Report content error Obtain a baccalaureate degree for entry into practice Improve the health of the communities where they reside Prevent an ongoing nursing shortage in the communities where they reside Implement a professional clinical ladder to acknowledge excellence in nursing 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 80/85

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First developed in 2008 by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Triple Aim initiative recently added which additional aim? Rationale The Triple Aim, developed in 2008 by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), recently added the additional aim of decreasing the incidence of healthcare provider burnout. Decreasing physician-to-nurse violence, improving working conditions for healthcare providers, and decreasing patient violence against healthcare providers are not additional aims identified by the IHI. p. 94 Report content error The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative requires leader-follower engagement to achieve which goal? Decrease physician-to-nurse violence Improve working conditions for healthcare providers Decrease the incidence of healthcare provider burnout Decrease patient violence against healthcare providers Maintain costs Decrease staff turnover 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 81/85

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Rationale The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative states leader–follower engagement is required to improve population health. Although decreasing staff turnover is important to achieving each of the four identified goals, it is not one of the goals identified by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Reducing, not maintaining, costs and enhancing, not discussing, patient experiences require leader–follower engagement. p. 94 Report content error According to The Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Quadruple Aim initiative, which activity reﬂects the leader’s role in enhancing the patient experience? Rationale Improve population health Discuss patient experiences Identifies risks Makes all decisions Trusts in self instincts Sets the tone on the unit 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 82/85

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Within the Quadruple Aim , the leader’s role in enhancing the patient experience includes setting the tone on the unit. Identifying risks is the follower’s role, not the leader’s role, in enhancing the patient experience. The leader’s role in enhancing the patient experience includes guiding decision making, not making all decisions, and trusting in the follower’s instincts, not in self instincts. p. 94 Report content error Which theorist places followers as the central topic with leaders, organizations, peers, and everything else in the periphery? Rationale The seminal work of business theorist Robert E. Kelley places followers as the central topic with leaders, organizations, peers, and everything else in the periphery and identifies five followership styles by asking questions about the ways that followers follow. Kelley also developed a self- assessment for followers to help them identify follower style and be effective in the follower role. Ira Chaleff is a business theorist who describes the courage it takes to become an effective follower within an organization. Dorothea Orem places the nurse in an active, participatory Ira Chaleff Dorothea Orem Robert Kelley Patricia Benner 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 83/85

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role within the career and specifically holds the nurse accountable for the care needs identified as lacking. Patricia Benner proposes novice and advanced beginner nurse followers rely on what they learned in nursing school to guide their practice, but as they move through their careers they also rely on their professional experiences. Test-Taking Tip: The most reliable way to ensure that you select the correct response to a multiple choice question is to recall it. Depend on your learning and memory to furnish the answer to the question. p. 91 Report content error Nursing theorist Ida Jean Orlando identifies which attribute as a characteristic of effective nursing leadership? Select all that apply. Rationale Ida Jean Orlando identifies active listening, promoting autonomy, encouraging investigation, and promoting instinctive actions as characteristics of effective nursing leaders. Patricia Benner, not Ida Jean Listens actively Promotes autonomy Encourages investigation Promotes instinctive actions Helps new nurses gain experience 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 84/85

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1 topics covered Chapter 6, Being an Effective Follower Yoder-Wise 7e Chapter Proficient You Orlando, addresses the characteristic of nursing leaders helping new nurses gain experience. p. 91 Quiz me on this topic Novice Intermediate Proficient Questions answered 90 6/8/24, 7:39 PM Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing - Quiz performance https://eaqng.elsevier.com/#/quizPerformance/35874021 85/85

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chapter 6 being an effective follower EAQ

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