Midterm_2023_Final (1)

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University of British Columbia *

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300

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Civil Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Midterm Examination CIVL 300: Construction Engineering and Management Term 2 2022/2023 11 AM to 12:20 PM, March 9, 2023 Do NOT turn to the next page until told to do so by the instructor! Student Name and Number : I pledge that I will adhere to UBC and course policies about academic integrity during this examination; I will not engage in activities that might be considered plagiarism or cheating. Signature : You are allowed : Non-programmable calculators Pencils and/or pens You are NOT allowed : Programmable calculators or phones Note (i.e., cheat) sheets this is a closed-book examination To speak or communicate with classmates Instructions: Write your student number in the space provided at the top of each page in which you show work. Use the space provided on the exam pages for your answers. The extra pages at the end of each individual problem and the examination may be used. Place your final answer in the designated space to submit answers for each problem. You may only ask questions to the invigilators in cases of supposed errors or ambiguities in examination questions. Candidates suspected of any plagiarism will be immediately dismissed from the examination and will be liable for disciplinary action.
Student Number: _____________________ 1/16 Score: Problem No. Score Maximum Possible Points 1 6 2 1.5 3 4.25 4 6 5 2.25 Total: 20
Student Number: _____________________ 2/16 Problem 1: Analytical Short Response (6 Points) This section is composed of 7 “short” questions that start off more “qualitative” and become increasingly more “quantitative” . Be sure to submit your answer to each part in the designated area. 1.1 TransLink is conducting a business case analysis for a light-rail transit project that would connect Surrey to Richmond. TransLink has identified a particular section of this project as being highly complex and potentially quite costly. To transfer as much risk as possible to the project builder, which of the following procurement models do you believe TransLink would prefer? Circle your selected procurement model below and provide a 1-2 sentence justification in the designated space. (0.75 Points) Clearly circle one of the following: Design-Bid-Build Design-Build Design-Build-Finance Submit your reasoning for your response here : 1.2 It is March, and UBC is in negotiations with a contractor who will be charged with quickly delivering a series of temporary recreational facilities in time for the summer (i.e., May). Due to the pressing need to complete this project by the summer, which type of cost-plus contract would you expect UBC to prefer? Circle your selected contract below and provide a 1-2 sentence justification in the designated space. (0.75 Points) Clearly circle one of the following: Fixed Percentage Fixed Fee Submit your reasoning for your response here : 1.3 You are conducting a productivity study of a small crew that installs drywall. Drywall installation requires very little equipment. Furthermore, crews that install drywall are typically highly specialized. Based on these facts, would you expect that this crew would exhibit increasing, constant, or decreasing returns-to-scale when operating on a construction site? Clearly circle your answer and provide a 1-sentence justification of your reasoning below. (0.75 Points) Clearly circle one of the following: Increasing Constant Decreasing Submit your reasoning here :
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Student Number: _____________________ 3/16 1.4 Draw the activity-on-branch diagram for the following project. Label your activities. There is no need to label the nodes. (1.25 Points) Activity Immediate Predecessor A None B None C A, B D C E C F D, E G E Draw your final answer here :
Student Number: _____________________ 4/16 1.5 A contractor estimates that a project will, on average, cost them $21.6 million. They have generated the below CDF around project costs. Suppose that the project follows a lump sum contract. How much should they mark-up their $21.6 million estimate so that there is only a 20% chance that they lose money? Report your answer in dollars (e.g., $1 million). (0.75 Point) Submit your answer here : ______________________________ 1.6-1.7 The time required to obtain permits for a project is highly uncertain. Suppose that you believe the time (in months), t , required to obtain permits for a project follows the below probability distribution where c is an integer coefficient: 1.6 What is the value of c ? (1 Point) Submit your answer here : ______________________________ 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Cumulative Probability Cost (Millions of $)
Student Number: _____________________ 5/16 1.7 Clearly draw the cumulative distribution for the time to obtain permits below. You must clearly show on your plot the shape of the distribution for the outcomes where the cumulative distribution function lies between 0 and 1. (0.75 Points) Draw your final answer here :
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Student Number: _____________________ 6/16 Problem 2: Project Contracts (1.5 Points) This section tests your understanding of project contracts via a single question. As a cost estimator for a highway paving company, you came up with the following cost estimate for a project in 2020: Bid Item Estimate Subbase $200,000 Base Course $500,000 Surface Layer $4 million The project was delayed but was eventually procured and delivered in 2022 via a lump sum contract using a mark-up rate of 12% for all bid items. In revisiting your cost reports, the actual cost of construction for each bid item was: Bid Item Actual Subbase $220,000 Base Course $550,000 Surface Layer $5 million The cost dominant component of the surface layer is the material cost (i.e., asphalt concrete). Asphalt concrete can experience large price swings due to its close correlation to energy prices. Therefore, a unique aspect of this contract is the use of a price adjustment clause. In this case, the compensation for the contractor as it relates to the surface layer (only!) is adjusted according to a price index. The contract stipulates that the compensation upon project completion for the surface layer should be equivalent, in inflation-adjusted dollars, to the bid amount when the project was awarded in 2020. Below are the values for our price index of interest: Year Price Index 2020 300 2022 360 2.1 Based on this information, what was the contractor’s gross profit on this project? Round your answer up to the nearest thousand dollars. (1.5 Points) Submit your answer here : ______________________________
Student Number: _____________________ 7/16 Problem 3: Activity Planning (4.25 Points) This section emphasizes your understanding of activity planning through six questions. As the contractor charged with upgrading the Iona Wastewater Treatment Plant, you need to excavate 8,000 bank cubic yards of material from the construction site. To complete this activity, you will rely on: 1 Excavator o The expected daily production rate is 1,400 bank cubic yards. o The rental cost of the excavator is $1,000 per day. o The equipment operator is paid a salary of $55 per hour for an 8-hour workday. 7 Trucks o The expected daily production rate for a single truck is 200 bank cubic yards. This value is highly certain. o The rental cost of each truck is $200 per day. o Each truck driver is paid a salary of $50 per hour for an 8-hour workday. Suppose that you are relying on a new equipment operator for the excavator. Because they are fairly new, they are learning on the job and so, due to their lack of experience, the below production rates have been achieved during the first three days on site. Day Achieved Output for Day of Interest (Bank Cubic Yards) 1 400 2 600 3 800 3.1 Draw a scatter plot of the average product of labor for this project at the end of each day. You must clearly label the y -axis values drawn on the plot below to receive full credit. (1 Point) 0 1 2 3 Average Product of Labor (BCY per Day) Day
Student Number: _____________________ 8/16 3.2 Over the first three days of the project, what has been the unit-cost of labor ($ per bank cubic yard)? This value should encompass both the trucks and excavator. (0.75 Points) Submit your answer here : ______________________________ 3.3-3.5 For the remainder of this problem, assume the following: Having observed the performance of the excavator operator, you expect that they will continue to learn (i.e., improve) at the same rate observed over the last three days until achieving the expected daily production rate. Based on this assumption: 3.3 How many days will it take to complete this task? Your answer should include the first three days of construction activities. Round your answer up to the nearest day. (0.75 Points) Submit your answer here : ______________________________ 3.4 What is the expected total cost of this activity? Your answer should include the first three days of construction activities. Please note: you must compensate your team for the entire day, even if they wrap up their work early. (0.75 Points) Submit your answer here : ______________________________
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Student Number: _____________________ 9/16 3.5 Suppose that you can reduce the number of trucks used on this project to 6. If you did so, what would be your new expected total cost of this activity? Based on this estimate, should we reduce the number of trucks on the site? Show any work required to solve this problem. Please note: you must compensate your team for the entire day, even if they wrap up their work early. (1 Point) Submit your answer (i.e., total cost of activity) here : _____________________________ Clearly circle your suggestion: Reduce trucks (i.e., 6) Keep the same (i.e., 7)
Student Number: _____________________ 10/16 Extra Space: All Problems
Student Number: _____________________ 11/16 Problem 4: Project Scheduling (6 Points) This section requires that you implement the critical path method and visualize the resulting outputs. You are charged with delivering a six-activity project. Below is the expected duration for each activity as well as the activity-on-branch diagram that highlights the predecessor structure for these activities. This diagram is repeated on the next page. Activity Duration (Weeks) A 3 B 5 C 3 D 8 E 6 F 2 4.1 Complete the table on the next page page, which requires that you list for each activity its: Early start/finish (ES/EF) Late start/finish (LS/LF) Free float (FF) Total float (TF). Place a check mark in the table for those activities that lie on the critical path in the designated column. 4.2 Create a Gantt chart on the next page per the convention from class. Clearly denote the start, finish, and total float for each activity. Critical path activities do not need to be identified for this examination. A C B E D F 3 5 2 6 3 8
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Student Number: _____________________ 12/16 Activity Duration ES EF LS LF FF TF Critical Path A 3 B 5 C 3 D 8 E 6 F 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 A B C D E F Weeks A C B E D F 3 5 2 6 3 8
Student Number: _____________________ 13/16 Extra Space: All Problems
Student Number: _____________________ 14/16 Problem 5: Conceptual Cost Estimation (2.25 Points) This section is composed of a single question that evaluates your understanding of conceptual cost estimation. Suppose that you are aiming to develop a conceptual cost estimate for a new refinery to be built in Prince George. To develop an early-stage cost estimate, you have access to the following data for two refineries constructed in Calgary and Saint John: (1) their total cost; (2) their size, measured in barrels (bbl) per day; and (3) cost index information in terms of geography and time. Refinery Total Cost Capacity bbl/day Cost Index: Geography Cost Index: Time Year Built Calgary $300 million 200,000 120 225 2020 New Brunswick $100 million 50,000 150 150 2014 5.1 Based on the data above, what is your best estimate of m to capture economies-of-scale? Round your answer to the nearest hundredth. (2.25 Points) Submit your answer here : ______________________________
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Student Number: _____________________ 15/16 Extra Space: All Problems
Student Number: _____________________ 16/16 Extra Space: All Problems