Assignment 3

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Carleton University *

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4105

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Civil Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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Uploaded by myraosima

Carleton University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ACSE3105A/ENVE4105A – Green Building Design Assignment #3 Question #1 Create a baseline energy model of a single-storey slab-on-grade office building located in Ottawa using MIT Design Advisor . The building is 15 m by 15 m with a 3 m floor height and is oriented along cardinal directions. The floor plan consists of nine 5 m by 5 m rooms in a grid pattern. The building is mechanically heated and cooled year- round. The building has a WWR of 50% and uses clear double-glazed windows without blinds or overhangs. Assume there is no air exchange between the zones. Assume medium values for all insulation. Use ASHRAE 62.1- 2022 to determine the occupant density and ventilation requirements. Use NECB 2020 to determine the building operating schedule (assume this occurs when occupancy is greater than or equal to 70%) and indoor temperature range when occupied. For all remaining inputs, select reasonable values using engineering judgment and state your assumptions. (a) Provide a screenshot of your setup page. (b) Provide the monthly total energy use values and CO 2 emissions in a table. (c) Perform three iterations of your choosing to improve the EUI of the baseline model. Changes to the building and room size or that violate code are not permitted. For each iteration, report the change made, rationale, and total EUI. Determine which end-use and season/month was most impacted by your change and provide a brief commentary on why for each iteration. Question #2 For one of the middle perimeter offices described in the baseline model Question #1, compute the following. Ignore heat transfer between offices or through the foundation and any solar heat gains. Assume the window has a U-SI value of 3 W/m 2 K. In addition to the ventilation rate calculated in Question #1, assume the infiltration rate is 0.2 L/s∙m 2 , normalized by the exterior surface area. Assume that the specific heat and density of air are 1 kJ/kg·K and 1.2 kg/m 3 , respectively. (a) The UA-value for the exterior surfaces. (b) The equivalent sensible heat transfer (W/K) for ventilation and infiltration. (c) The sensible heating load if we wish to maintain an indoor temperature of 22 °C when it’s -10 °C outside. (d) The fraction of the heating demand caused by the window, wall, roof, ventilation, and infiltration. Question #3 The solarDataOttawa.xlsx file contains the hourly direct normal and diffuse horizontal solar radiation (W/m 2 ) as well as the hourly solar altitude and azimuth for Ottawa. (a) Using Excel, compute the PV potential (kWh) of a south-facing solar array. The array is 15 m long with 2 m wide panels tilted at 45°. Use a PV module efficiency of 20%, wiring efficiency of 95%, inverter efficiency of 90%. (b) Calculate the monthly and yearly reduction in electrical grid demand (%) and CO 2 generation (kg) if this PV array was installed on the building from Question #1(b). Assume CO 2 emissions and energy use are proportional. Neglect the embodied energy and carbon of the PV panels. Comment on the variation between months and how this system could be improved. (c) Determine the spacing and number of arrays that could be placed on the building from Question #1 if we do not want shading on the panels between 11am and 2pm. Assume all arrays are south facing, located on the roof, and have the same dimensions and tilt angle listed in Question 3(a). No part of the array can overhang the roof.

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