CE HW#10

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Civil Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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CE HW#10 1) 1. One specific challenge when it comes to the hydraulic/water forces on these tunnels is deciding what materials to use to build them. A civil engineer will need to select a material based on several crucial factors. The material will need to be strong, durable, and resistant to corrosion, while also staying within the project’s budget and keeping in mind its environmental impact. There is so much that goes into selecting what building materials to use on such a large and important project. They will obviously want the structure to be as safe as possible for the public, but that comes at a cost. With people’s lives in their hands, there is no room for mistakes or shortcuts, but with the help of a civil engineer, I’m sure they will come to the right conclusion. https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/2020/10/06/a1824-8-things-to-consider- while-choosing-the-materials-for-your-project/ 2. One issue that may arise when it comes to the environmental impact of this mega project is its effect on the marine life and ecosystem in the area. A civil engineer would most likely begin with an Environmental Impact Assessment to identify the potential impacts of the project on marine life. Once they understand the marine life and ecosystem in the area, they will work with their team on the best way to minimize sounds/vibrations during construction, as well as decide how they will properly manage waste and prevent pollution. During the project, the civil engineer will monitor the marine life in the area in order to prevent or mediate any harm they may cause. 3. A challenge for this project when it comes to construction management and cost control will be figuring out the timeline of the project. The civil engineer will start by looking at the project as a whole and the many resources required for completion. They will then break up the project into parts depending on the chronological order they must be completed in. Once they can estimate the time required for each part of the project, they will have a better understanding of the timeframe for the entire project. With a project this large it is unlikely that everything will go exactly to plan, so it is important that the civil engineer monitors progress and makes changes to the timeline as needed. https://www.mod-eng.com/importance-of-civil-engineering-project-timeline/ 2) 1. I chose the Belt and Road Initiative. The main goal is to connect China with Europe, Africa, and Asia. This project was announced in 2013 by Chinese President Xi Jinping and includes projects such as high-speed railways,

highways, pipelines, ports and power grids. The project is expected to span over 70 countries and is estimated to cost over 8 trillion dollars to complete. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/chinas-massive-belt-and-road-initiative 2. One major technical challenge when it comes to this project is the compatibility of all of the different infrastructure projects and the timelines of their completions. This will require careful planning and coordination between all of the countries and regions involved to ensure that the various projects are designed and work in a way that allows them to function together. A way to adress this challenge is by making sure there are technical experts in all areas of infrastructure working together to guarantee that all of these separate projects work together seamlessly. 3. There are many broader challenges for the Belt and Road Initiative, but the political impact this project has had definitely stands out. Many see this project as a way for China to expand its power and question the real motives behind the initiative. Some countries have expressed concerns about becoming too economically dependent on China or about China using the infrastructure projects to advance its own political and strategic interests. China has also been accused of many financial irregularities and of using the BRI as a way to engage in debt traps. Overall, at this point, many countries are suspicious and cautious about working with China on this project which will have lasting effects on its ability to ever be completed. I’m unsure if these countries will ever fully trust China, but I believe the only way to begin addressing this problem is to somewhat start from scratch. China will need to be honest and upfront about its motives and to begin repaying countries as needed.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/wadeshepard/2020/01/29/how-chinas-belt-and- road-became-a-global-trail-of-trouble/?sh=61713ed2443d

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