Lecture 1 Introduction (R)

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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 – Introduction
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 1 / 43 Course Info BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Section AA Tuesday and Thursday 18:30-21:00, H 553 Bruno Lee EV-15.103 bruno.lee@concordia.ca (◄ use this email; no Moodle message) Office hours: Thursday, 14:00-16:00 or by appointment
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 2 / 43 Computer-aided The course introduces the students to the process of integrated design in Building / Civil Engineering. It emphasizes computer-aided design (CAD) and its applications in the design process with a holistic focus covering spatial layout, structure, enclosure, energy consumption, and cost estimation.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 3 / 43 References • No Text Book • materials and lecture notes will be posted on Moodle • CMHC Handbook: “Canadian Wood-frame House Construction” is recommended
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 4 / 43 Objectives • To develop the design thinking; • To achieve a better understanding of the building engineering design process and critical issues affecting design practice; • To provide a methodology for approaching and solving design problems; • To assess the use of computer-aided design in the engineering design process; • To acquire ‘hands-on’ experience with current commercial software on PCs for building design application.
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 5 / 43 Learning Style • Different from other engineering courses; • Interactive learning; • Learn by oneself; • Learn from each other; • Learn from hands-on experience.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 6 / 43 Expectation • Learn to do design process; emphasis on the process; • Document the design process as completely as possible; • Work as a team.
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 7 / 43 Evaluation Grade Distribution: • Design Project 60% • Exam: 40% Project Components: • Lab & Class participation/Assignments • Prelim Report • Interim Report • Oral presentation • Final project report
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 8 / 43 Scope of work 1. Problem definition and work breakdown structure 2. Conceptual building design 3. Structural design of a wood-frame house 4. Enclosure design 5. Multi-storey building 6. Detailed design 7. Construction cost estimation 8. Oral presentation 9. Design log book
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 9 / 43 Software Packages 1. AutoCAD / Revit: Drafting, BIM 2. ETABS: structural analysis and design (General); 3. Revit: simulation of envelope sections with respect to heat and vapour transfers; 4. Revit / RS Means: estimate the construction costs; 5. WoodWorks – for structural design of wood-frame buildings
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 10 / 43 Design Project A family has bought a piece of land in the suburb in Montreal area to build a house. The following lists the conditions: 1. There are two parents, one 15 year old daughter, and one 10 year son in the family; 2. The family has a budget of $350,000 (excluding land cost) to construct the house
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 11 / 43 Work Breakdown Structure Work breakdown structure is the team contract for this course. It is intended to provide a written document, which the team can use to provide focus on the team’s goals and to refer to when disputes arise. The contract addresses the following areas: 1. Time commitment 2. Decision making process 3. Team meetings – when, how long, agenda 4. Deadlines 5. How do you follow up on team commitments 6. Areas of responsibility – team organization, who is doing what 7. Team goal (for project) 8. Methods of conflict resolution
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 12 / 43 Design problems Challenges: • Loosely defined • No unique solution • Difficult to standardize Stages: • Inception and feasibility • Sketch plans • Working drawings • Project planning and operations
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 13 / 43 The Construction Industry • A significant portion of a nation’s GDP goes into infrastructure / buildings • Construction is important for economic growth • Driven by necessity and competitiveness • Tender and contract negotiation • Role of Government • Role of Private sector • Role of R & D • Needs interdisciplinary cooperation • Application of Information Technology in design and construction is critical
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 14 / 43 Composition of Design Problem 1. Goal : the end toward which effort is directed 2. Functions : requirements on the performances of design 3. Constraints : requirements on the specification of design 4. Environment : context in which the design is going to work
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 15 / 43 Characteristics of Design 1. Design is an ill-defined problem • There is no definitive formulation of the problem • Formulations of the problem are solution-dependent • There is no definitive solution to the problem. 2. Design problem may include seemingly contrasting requirements. 3. “Creative” solutions are needed to resolve the contrasting requirements.
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 16 / 43 General Design Process
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 17 / 43 Building Design Process What is a building? A building is an assemblage that is firmly attached to the ground and that provides total or nearly total shelter for human, machines, processing equipment to support the performance of human activities, storage of human possessions, or combination of these..
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 18 / 43 Building Design Process Building assemblage includes: • structural framing and foundations, • enclosure systems, • plumbing, • lighting, • acoustics, • safety system, • vertical-circulation elements, • electric power and signal systems, and • HVAC. Classification according to functions. What are the functions?
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 19 / 43 Building Design? Building design is the process of providing solution and all information necessary for construction of a building that will meet its owner’s requirements and also satisfy public health, welfare, and safety requirements.
BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 20 / 43 Building Life Cycle 1. Decision 2. Design 3. Construction 4. Operation 5. Renovation 6. Demolition
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 21 / 43 Building Codes and Regulations 1. . Building codes : prescriptive-based or performance-based • A prescriptive-based code specifies particular materials for specific uses and specifies minimum or maximum dimensions. • A performance-based code specifies required performance of a construction but leaves materials, methods, and dimensions for the designers to choose. • Most codes are neither strictly prescriptive nor performance -based but rather a mixture of the two, due to insufficient information available for preparation of an entire enforceable performance-based code. 2. Zoning codes : zoning codes are established to protect the health, welfare, and safety of the public. They primarily regulates land use. 3. Other regulations regarding local policies, construction documentation, etc..
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 22 / 43 Deliverables The ultimate objective of design is production of drawings , or plans , showing what is to be constructed, specifications stating what materials and equipment are to be incorporated in the building, and a construction contract between the client and a contractor.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 23 / 43 Conceptual phase 1. The architect translates requirements into spaces, relates the spaces and makes sketches, called schematics, to illustrate the concepts. • Major decisions are made regarding the building type, occupancy, form, dimensions, and type of structural system; • Potential design alternatives are generated; • Alternatives are roughly evaluated in order to obtain the most promising solution 2. When sufficient information is obtained on the size and general construction of the building, a rough estimate is made of construction cost. (as just one of the performance indicators) 3. If this cost exceeds the client’s budget, the concept has to be modified.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 24 / 43 Design Development 1. The architect and consultants work out more details and show the results in preliminary construction drawings and outline specifications. • Preliminary design • Detailed design 2. A preliminary cost estimate utilizing the greater amount of information on the building now available is then prepared. 3. If this cost exceeds the client’s budget, the design has to be modified..
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 25 / 43 Design Development Preliminary Design: 1. In the preliminary design stage, the objective is to bring the building to a higher level of details. 2. The building design is developed in more detail and evaluated to obtain an optimal solution in terms of structure, enclosure, mechanical systems, and interior design.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 26 / 43 Design Development Detailed Design: 1. The detailed design stage provides a complete engineering description of the building 2. Everything is thoroughly and carefully evaluated, dimensioned, and specified. 3. The goal is to produce all the information and instructions required by the constructors in order to erect the building in complete accordance with the design agreed by the owner.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 27 / 43 Contract Documents Phase 1. At this phase, the architect culminates in production of working, or construction, drawings and specifications, which are incorporated in the contract between the client and a builder. 2. Before the documents are completed, a final cost estimate is prepared. If the cost exceeds the client’s budget, the design is revised to achieve the necessary cost reduction
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 28 / 43 Conceptual Building Design • A systematic method for conceptual design • Generation of ideas • Role of experience
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 29 / 43 Conceptual Building Design A Systematic Method for Conceptual Design: • Identify environment, structural requirements, and performance requirements from problem description • Relate performance requirements to environment and structural requirements to product • Decompose environment to look for basic design patterns • Compose basic design patterns into existing design solutions, subject to structural requirements • Update design problem until all requirements are satisfied
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 30 / 43 Conceptual Building Design • Basic Design Patterns / existing patterns help build the ideas can serve as good starting points
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 31 / 43 General design methods • Brainstorming – Normally conducted in a small group (diverse and non-hierarchical) – Generate a large number of ideas (some are useful and some are not) – Evaluate the ideas and discard inappropriate ones • Morphological chart – Based on a collection of existing design patterns – Match functions with “mechanisms”
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 32 / 43 What is it? an apartment? a house? ...
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 33 / 43 What is it? an apartment? a house? ... ... a multiplex in the suburb
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 34 / 43 Evaluating alternatives A Systematic Method for Conceptual Design: • A rational and open method must be used for evaluation of design alternatives • A design proposal must be evaluated objectively, keeping the design goals in mind • Prioritize the goals and associate weights with them • An weighted objectives method provides a good way to evaluate design alternatives
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 35 / 43 Conceptual Building Design Summary • Early stage of design – Short duration – Limited resources – Important decisions • Generate rapidly many design alternatives • Gross evaluation (mostly qualitative, to guide selection) • Requires creativity
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 36 / 43 Project – conceptual design phase Prepare the conceptual design of the building which is two storey high and should have at least the following features: • One Master Bed Room and two other Bed Rooms • A Family Room • Kitchen • Living Room • Adequate number of Bath Rooms • A two-car Garage • A basement You may add any other features as you desire to make the design more exciting.
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 37 / 43 Example: Space Planning Conceptual design – site plan
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 38 / 43 Example: Space Planning Schematic study – first floor
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 39 / 43 Example: Space Planning Schematic study – second floor
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 40 / 43 Example: Space Planning Preliminary plan – first floor ►
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 41 / 43 Example: Space Planning Preliminary plan – second floor ►
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 42 / 43 Example: Space Planning Elevation
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BLDG / CIVI 390 Building / Civil Engineering Design Project Lecture 1 43 / 43 Lab Work Lab starts next week (Conceptual Design) • All participants are expected to work on their individual design and/or lab example problem and submit the work (online) at the end of the lab session. • In the first lab, generate your conceptual design (plans and elevations - individual work). Submit the scanned work to the course website. • Here is an introduction to REVIT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGScnVZwiXs
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