Experiment 1

Lana Sukarieh Professor Ahmad Al-Shawa Chem 110 September 14, 2023 Experiment #1: Density Determination Introduction: In this lab, we had to determine the densities of selected objects with the formula provided. As well as using the appropriate units and conversions. Furthermore, we also had to measure the mass and volume of various liquids, a wood block and mental cylinder. Data: Table 1. Wood block measurement Object Length Height Width wood block 8.60 cm 3.80 cm 1.80 cm mass: 28.135g Table 2. Metal cylinder measurement Object Height Diameter metal cylinder 2.80 cm 1.30 cm Mass: 10.169g Table 3. Metal cylinder by displacement Volume of H2O 25.0 Volume of H2O with metal cylinder 29.0 Mass: 10.169g Table 4. Liquids Liquid Mass of container/liquid Mass of container Volume of liquid Tap water 34.589g 24.658g 10.00ml D.I. Water 34.721g 24.658g 10.00ml Isopropyl alcohol 32.461g 24.658g 10.00ml unknown #115 34.759g 24.658g 10.00ml Calculations:

Part 1: wood block Material Volume Density Wood block V=LxWxH =8.60x3.80x1.80= 58.824 D=M/V = 28.1350/58.824= 0.478 Part 2: metal cylinder Material Radius Volume Density Metal cylinder r=D/2 =1.30/2= 0.65cm v= πr^2h =π(0.65)^2 =3.72cm^3 D=M/V =10.1688/3.72 =2.734 g/ml Part 3: metal cylinder by displacement Material Volume Density Metal cylinder V=29-25= 4ml D=M/V= 10.1688/4 =2.542 g/ml Part 4: liquids Material Mass Density % error Tap water 34.5885-24.6579= 9.931g D=9.9306/10 =0.9931 g/ml 0.9931-1/ 1 x100= -0.69% D.I. Water 34.7209-24.6579= 10.063 g D= 10.063/10 =1.0063 g/ml 1.0063-1/1 x100= 0.63% Isopropyl alcohol 32.4606-24.6574=7.803 g D= 7.8032/10=0.7803 g/ml 0.7803-0.785/0.785 x100 = -0.60% Unknown #15 34.7544-24.6574=10.10 2g D=10.1015/10=1.0102 g/ml N/A

2. Compare the densities of the cylinder in Part II and Part III. Which is better? Why?Hint: Consider both accuracy and precision. The density of the cylinder in part II was 2.734g/ml. On the other hand, the density of the cylinder in part III was 2.542 g/ml. The measurement in part II is more accurate, while the measurement in part III is more precise. 3. A student collected data to calculate the density of a wooden block. He found the density to be 0.81 g/cm3. Another student collected data and reported the density to be 0.7971 g/cm3? A third student said the two values are the same. Is she correct? The student is not correct because the values are not the same, although they are very close. Conclusion: In part one, the density of the wooden block was 0.478 g/cm^3. In part two, the density of the metal cylinder was 2.734 g/mL. In part 3, the density of the metal cylinder by displacement was 2.542 g/mL. In part 4, we calculated the densities of four different liquids. The Density of the tap water was 0.9931 g/mL. The density of deionized water was 1.0063 g/mL. The Density of the isopropyl alcohol was 0.7803 g/mL. The density of the unknown liquid #115 was 1.0102 g/mL. Sources of error: 1. Parallax error due to reading an instrument at an angle. 2. Incorrectly measuring the diameter or the metal cylinder. 3. Overused lab instruments and tools could lead to incorrect reading of the measurements.