1AL F23 Exp 09 Acids in the Environment A Report Sheet-2

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University of California, Berkeley *

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1AL

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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5

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Report sheets must be submitted in the correct order or they will not be graded! Submit one pdf to gradescope with the report sheet pages in order and your notebook pages at the end. Report Sheet Name Partner(s) Table 2. Color Observations for Control Solutions. 0.010 M 0.0010 M 0.00010 M 0.000010 M NaOH NaOH NaOH NaOH Time: 0:00 Time: 0:30 Time: 1:00 Time: 1:30 Time: 2:00 Time: 2:30 Time: 3:00 Time: 3:30 Time: 4:00 Time: 4:30 Time: 5:00 Time to Green (if applicable) 187
Table 3. Color Observations for Test Solutions. 0.010 M 0.0010 M 0.00010 M 0.000010 M NaOH NaOH NaOH NaOH Time: 0:00 Time: 0:30 Time: 1:00 Time: 1:30 Time: 2:00 Time: 2:30 Time: 3:00 Time: 3:30 Time: 4:00 Time: 4:30 Time: 5:00 Time to QGreen (if applicable) 1. The lab experiment instructs you to react 0.21g of NaHCO3 with excess CH3COOH. How much CO2(g) in mL would this reaction generate if all the sodium bicarbonate reacts fully? (Assume the room temperature is 25 °C.) 188
2. Now, look at the color changes that occurred in your wells. a. What trends do you notice? Think about the changes you see in one well over time, and then think about the differences you see between wells. b. What is happening at the molecular level to explain your observations? In other words, what’s a scientific model that’s representative of your data? (It’s okay if this is very general.) 3. Explain why the different concentrations of NaOH in each of the wells takes a different amount of time to react with the COx. 4. Draw the Lewis structures of CO2, H2CO3, HCO3~ and CO3%". Rank these in order of increasing attraction to water molecules. Explain your choice. What evidence do you have that supports your predictions? 189
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How can real-time analysis be used to reduce pollution? Two-thirds of all SOx produced come from electric power plants. Many power plants use coal as a fuel source. Coal is not a pure carbon when it is burned the sulfur in it combines with oxygen to produce SO2. As you’ve learned this week, this emitted SO2 can eventually produce acid rain. However, SOz can be removed or ‘scrubbed’ from the exhaust of coal power plants by spraying a wet slurry of limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCQOs3) into a large chamber that contains the SOz exhaust. The CaCOz3(aq) creates a basic solution. 2CaCO03(aq) + 2502(g) + 02(g) 2CaS04(s) + 2C0O2(g) One of the byproducts of this reaction, calcium sulfate (CaSOs4), can be used to make wallboard and cement and has a role in agricultural and construction applications.? 5. The pH meter in the scrubber for a coal-burning electric power plant records a pH drop for the calcium carbonate slurry from 10 to 8. The pH meter in the scrubber for a methane-burning power plant records a drop from 10 to 9.8. Which plant (coal or methane) produced more SO- exhaust? Explain your reasoning. 6. When used, limestone scrubbers prevent the release of approximately 95% of the SO2 produced from power plants. However, this reaction produces other byproducts. What is one potential disadvantage of this particular type of scrubber? Explain your choice. 7. Scrubbers are a way to remediate (remove) pollution after it has already been formed. Which principle of green chemistry applies to this situation? Is this approach aligned or not with this principle? 3 Duke Energy, https://www.duke-energy.com/our-company/environment/air-quality/sulfur-dioxide-scrubbers (accessed July 19, 2018) 190
Notebook Pages Go Here This is just a placeholder, replace these pages with your notebook pages when you submit on Gradescope. Submit as ONE PDF with notebook pages at the end. Report sheets must be submitted in the correct order or they will not be graded! Submit one pdf to gradescope with the report sheet pages in order and your notebook pages at the end. 191