Stains

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School

Michigan State University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

141

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Oct 30, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

1

Uploaded by AdmiralChinchillaMaster1006

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Stain Uses Recipe p- Anisaldehyde General purpose stain, particularly good with groups with nucleophilic properties. Add 15 ml of AcOH and 3.5 mL of p- Anisaldehyde to 350 mL ice cold EtOH. Cautiously add 50 mL concentrated H 2 SO 4 dropwise over 60 minutes. Store unused portion at 0°C. Ninhydrin Particularly good for amino acids. Dissolve 1.5 g ninhydrin in 100mL of n - butanol and add 3 mL AcOH. KMnO 4 Olefins and other readily oxidized groups. Dissolve 1.5 g KMnO 4 , 10 g K 2 CO 3 , and 1.25 mL 10% NaOH in 200 mL water. Cerium Sulfate General stain, particularly useful for alkaloids. Make an aqueous solution of 10% Cerium (IV) sulfate and 15% H 2 SO 4 . Morin Hydrate General reagent. Fluorescently active. Make up a 0.1 wt% solution in methanol. Cerium Molybdate General purpose stain. Dissolve 0.5g Ce(NH 4 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 6 and 24.0 g of (NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 24 ·4H 2 O. Carefully add 28 mL H 2 SO 4 , stir for 1 hour and filter if necessary. 2,4-DNP Aldehydes and ketones Dissolve 12 g of 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine, 60 mL of H 2 SO 4 , and 80 mL of H 2 O in 200 mL 95% EtOH. Bromocresol Green Acidic (pKA <5) groups Add 0.04g bromocresol green to 100 mL absolute EtOH. Slowly drip in a 0.1M solution of NaOH until the solution just turns pale blue. Phosphomolybdic Acid 1,3- dihydroxynaptalene General purpose Fully deprotected sugars Dissolve 10 g PMA in 100 mL absolute ethanol Dissolve 0.2g of 1,3-dihydroxynaptalene in 50mL (5% H 2 SO 4 in EtOH)
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