W21 Lab 2 Alcohols & Esters - Report

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Algonquin College *

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7301

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab #2: _____________________________ Name: ____________________ SCI0006 General, Organic and Biological Chemistry Algonquin College
SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 2 PART A: SOLUBILITY OF ALCOHOLS Observations (4 marks) alcohol condensed structural formula observation in water (soluble, slightly soluble or insoluble) 1-propanol 1-butanol 1-octanol unknown ? Conclusions (4 marks) 1. a) From your observational data, what can you conclude about the relationship between the number of carbons in an alcohol and its solubility in water? (1 mark) b) Explain this conclusion using your knowledge of polarity and “like dissolves like”. (2 marks) 2. What was the solubility of the unknown alcohol? What can you conclude about the number of carbons in this alcohol? Be specific. (1 mark)
SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 3 PART B: OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS Observations (4 marks) alcohol condensed structural formula 1°, 2° or 3° alcohol? colour when combined with chromic acid 1-propanol 2-propanol 2-methyl-2- butanol unknown ? ? Conclusions (7 marks) 1. a) Which of the known alcohols that you tested were oxidized in the presence of chromic acid reagent? (1 mark) b) Draw the oxidation reactions for your answer to the above (draw the condensed structural formulas of the reactant alcohols and the oxidized organic products). (2 marks) c) Give the IUPAC names of the products. (2 marks) 2. Did the unknown alcohol oxidize in the presence of chromic acid reagent? What can you conclude about the classification of this alcohol? (1 mark) 3. The unknown was the same alcohol for both the solubility and oxidation experiments. Based on your answers to Part A question #2 and Part B question #2, give your hypothesis for the name of the unknown alcohol. More than one answer is possible. Keep in mind that it is not the same as any of the known alcohols that you tested; i.e. it is not 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-2- butanol, or 1-octanol. (1 mark)
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SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 4 PART C: ALCOHOLS IN EVERYDAY PRODUCTS Observations (4 marks) Product name Alcohols present Product name Alcohols present Purell advanced hand sanitizer gel medicinal: non-medicinal: Taylor Swift Wonderstruck perfume spray Listerine Fresh Burst antiseptic mouthwash medicinal: non-medicinal: Clinique clarifying lotion 2 Chloraseptic sore throat spray medicinal: non-medicinal: Aveeno daily moisturizing lotion NyQuil cold & flu Rain-X windshield washer fluid, all season Conclusions (10 marks) 1. a) Which products contain an ingredient listed simply as “alcohol”? (1 mark) b) You know that “alcohol” is actually a family of compounds. Which specific molecule do you think manufacturers most likely mean when they just use the term “alcohol”? (Hint: think about the “alcohol” in an alcoholic beverage.) (1 mark) 2. a) Which products contain an ingredient listed as “alcohol denat”? (1 mark)
SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 5 b) “Denat” stands for denatured . Use the internet to research what denatured means in this context. Quote your answer and cite your source. (1 mark) c) Why do you think the products in question #1 did not also contain “alcohol denat”? (1 mark) 3. Use your observations and page 471 of your textbook, “Chemistry Link to Health; Some Important Alcohols and Phenols” to fill in the following table: (4 marks) IUPAC NAME Common name Condensed Structural formula Products observed in the lab to contain this alcohol methanol ethanol 1,2-ethanediol 1,2,3-propanetriol 4. Choose one alcohol that interests you from your observation table (not covered in Question #3) and draw its structural formula (you may use your textbook or the internet as reference). (1 mark) Name: Structure:
SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 6 PART D: ESTERIFICATION For each reaction between the alcohol and carboxylic acid listed below: a) Represent the esterification reaction using condensed structural formulas (draw the reactants and products). (2 marks per reaction=10 marks total) b) Give the IUPAC name of each product (1 mark per reaction=5 marks total) 1. 1-butanol (butyl alcohol) and butanoic acid (butyric acid) This product smells like pineapple 2. ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and butanoic acid (butyric acid) This product smells like strawberry 3. 1-octanol (octyl alcohol) and ethanoic acid (acetic acid) This product smells like orange
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SCI0006 – Lab #2 Report Winter 2021 7 4. 3-methyl-1-butanol (isopentyl alcohol) and ethanoic acid (acetic acid) This product smells like banana 5. methanol (methyl alcohol) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) This product smells like mint EVALUATION Lab Report - Content: /48 Lab Report – Submission: /1 Followed submission instructions Neat and legible Grand Total: /49