Research Project Team Proposal v5.

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Chemical Thinking Research Project Team Proposal v5.0 | CHEM 151 RPTP v5.0 10-17-23 1 Research Project Team Proposal Your name: Your email: Names of your team members: Names of your team members: Names of your team members: Your lab instructor’s name: Your lab section: Exploration Part 1 Exploration of Contaminant Removal from the Assigned UNKNOWN Fragments (3 pts) . Table 1. Assigned UNKNOWN Contaminant Removal and Contaminant Free Fragment Collection Trial Mass of Assigned UNKNOWN Ethanol Volumes (multiple columns are provided for trials run with multiple small extractions) Description of Sieving Method and the Results When Implemented Mass of Dried C ontaminant Free UNKNOWN Fragments 1 0.249g 2 ml 2ml Sieving method used was Hersch funnel, results showed that the contaminant removal was success ful as the mass changed drastically 0.209 g 2 0.253 g 1.5 ml 1.5 ml Sieving method used was Hersch funnel, the before and after change wasn’t as large, not necessarily meaning it was less successful, but vial two had much less of the dust powder in it. 0.222 g 3 0.254 g 2.5 ml 1 ml Sieving method used was Hersch funnel, the most change of all three trials possibly due to the same problem in trial 2 0.177 g Notes: To avoid using the forceps we dumped the plastic into a new vial by taking off the top part of the funnel and dumping the plastic left on the top. The trials appeared successful isolating the plastic from the contaminants, but All work must be very neat and organized . If you need to collect your thoughts, please use a separate sheet of paper. This Proposal is a team effort . Submit the completed document as a PDF to the Research Project Team Proposal D2L DropBox before the scheduled end of lab. Always check to confirm the correct document/file has imported to the correct lab D2L Dropbox folder – no excuses. Submission to an incorrect Dropbox folder will be subject to a 1-point penalty. If you submit an unintended document, or need to update a submission, you can always resubmit so long as you are not past the deadline . If you submit the wrong document and fail to realize this until after the deadline, a resubmission cannot be accepted. So please be careful and always double check! The assigned UNKNOWN mixture is composed of various plastic fragments with lipid, protein, starch, and sand (sand serves as a surrogate for “ dirt ” ). There are two major manipulations to optimize : • First, the removal of contaminants using ethanol . • Second, sieving to collect the contaminant-free plastic fragments. Using three (3) separate 0.5 g samples of your assigned UNKNOWN find the minimum volume (1 - 10 mL) of ethanol needed to remove all the contaminants. (Don ’ t forget, the total consumption of assigned UNKNOWN must not exceed 1.5 grams for the entire Exploration .) Your team must decide on the ethanol volume increments to test and exactly how you will identify the minimum volume of ethanol required. Remember, two small extractions are more efficient than one large extraction. Your team must also determine how best to accomplish the sieving to collect the plastic fragments free of contaminants. That is, each of the three separate extractions (contaminant removals) must feature an accompanying sieving to capture the cleaned plastic fragments in bulk. You must not employ forceps (tweezers) to collect the plastic fragments in this Exploration . Use of forceps for this exploration/development will result in point deductions. Complete Table 1 below and record notes in the space below the table.

Chemical Thinking Research Project Team Proposal v5.0 | CHEM 151 RPTP v5.0 10-17-23 2 the results may still result in an uncertainty of the amount of ethanol to use because of the problems concerning the different amounts of dust or contaminant in each trial. Percent Contaminant Removal (3 pts) . Calculate the percent contaminant removal for each of the above three trials using the appropriate Table 1 values. Present all three calculations in a well-organized manner and in complete detail . Percent Contaminant removal = (Mass of contaminants removed/ Mass of UKNOWN sample) * 100% Percent Contaminant removal (Trial 1) = 0.04 g / 0.249 g *100% = 16.06% Percent Contaminant removal (Trial 2) = 0.031 g / 0.253 g * 100% = 12.25% Percent Contaminant removal (Trial 3) = 0.077 g / 0.254 g * 100% = 30.31% Exploration Part 2 Exploration of KNOWN PETE, HDPE, PP and PS Fragments Density Behavior (3 pts) . NanoPure Water Ethanol 5M NaCL PETE Sank after was pushed below the surface Sank Immediately without any manipulation Sank slowly without any manipulation HDPE Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface Sank Immediately without any manipulation Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface PP Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface Sank Immediately without any manipulation Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface PS Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface Sank Immediately without any manipulation Floats after popping air bubbles shaking vile and attempting to push the plastic below the surface In a complete, well-prepared table or tables, carefully organize and clearly summarize the results of your systematic testing of the KNOWN PETE, HDPE, PP and PS fragment density behavior (float or sink) in 5 M NaCl , NANOpure water and ethanol . Air pockets/bubbles must be dislodged from the fragments, and other manipulations may prove necessary. Present these manipulations in a highly organized fashion with clarity and detail such that the manipulations can be understood by a reader with some laboratory experience, but lacking familiarity with the Project.

Chemical Thinking Research Project Team Proposal v5.0 | CHEM 151 RPTP v5.0 10-17-23 3 Team Proposal Plan 1 Density-Based Flowchart for Separation of PETE, HDPE, PP and PS Fragments into Independent Vials (6 pts) . Using your Exploration Part 2 results (reported above) and the Separating Plastics by Density Infographic , design a density-based flowchart that separates contaminant-free PETE , HDPE , PP and PS fragments into independent vials. Understand, unlike the Pigment Project flowchart, which capitalized on solubility differences by employing two-solvent extractions, that is not the approach here since we are separating by density using single solvents – but otherwise the overall organizational structure is similar. Please NUMBER your flowchart steps . The plan must also include a proposed KNOWN mixture of PETE, HDPE, PP and PS fragments to validate/confirm the density-based separation (flowchart) of the four plastics into independent containers. No more than 0.25 g of this KNOWN mixture should be proposed/prepared since a “ run ” would require no more than 0.25 g of this KNOWN mixture , and if another run proves necessary to confirm/correct the flowchart, the same plastic fragments can be gathered and rerun/reused.

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Chemical Thinking Research Project Team Proposal v5.0 | CHEM 151 RPTP v5.0 10-17-23 4 Team Proposal Plan 2 Testing the Proposed Procedure Against the Assigned UNKNOWN (5 pts) . Procedural Steps 1. Grab 8 ml of ethanol and 1 g of your assigned unknown. 2. Put 1 g of your assigned unknown into a 2-dram vial. 3. Next using a micropipette put 5 ml of ethanol into the 2-dram vial containing the assigned unknown to clean off any contaminants. 4. Set up the Hirsch funnel, without placing the filter paper into the Hirsch funnel so the sand doesn’t get caught in it. 5. Next, pour the contents of the 2-dram vial into the Hirsch funnel. 6. Take the remaining fragments in the top of the Hirsch funnel and dump it into a new 2-dram vial. 7. Repeat steps 3-5 but this time with 2 ml of ethanol instead to clean off the remaining contaminants. 8. Next separate like plastics into different vials by using the flowchart from plan 1 9. To do so, start the separation of plastics by placing the unknown plastic fragments in nano-pure water. This solution will narrow down the possible unknown plastic from four to two options. Nano Pure water has a density of approximately 0.998 g/mL PP, and HDPE will float on the surface because their densities are lower than water. PETE and PS will sink in water because they have a higher density than water. 10. If the unknown sinks in water (PS and PETE), then add NaCl to the solution to increase the density until the density is high enough for PS to float. PETE will not float in any solution, and PS will only float in a solution above approximately 1.03 g/mL. This will isolate and allow us to identify PETE and PS. 11. If the unknown sinks in water (PP and HDPE), then add an additional 5 mL of ethanol and achieve a 50% (v/v) solution of ethanol and water. This will decrease the density of the solution to 0.926. HDPF will then sink, leaving PP floating on the surface. Therefore, isolating and allowing us to identify HDPF and PP. Write a procedure to run 1 g of your assigned UNKNOWN to: 1) isolate/collect the plastic fragments from the contaminants, 2) separate like plastics into independent vials , and 3) identify the separated assigned UNKNOWN plastic fragments by neutral buoyancy . Please NUMBER your procedural steps. For ” 1) isolate/collect the plastic fragments from the contaminants ” use the percent contaminant removal to select your best/optimal Exploration Part 1 method to remove the contaminants from the plastic fragments and collect the cleaned fragments. Note, the ‘ best/optimal method ’ used from Exploration Part 1 must have its the ethanol volume doubled , since Plan 2 runs 1 g of assigned UNKNOWN , while the Exploration Part 1 was carried out on 0.5 g of assigned UNKNOWN . For “ 2) separate like plastics into independent vials “ just reference your procedure from Plan 1 above (proposed flowchart for a density-based separation of the plastic fragments). You do not have to rewrite the proposed flowchart in the procedure below, just indicate you intend to follow the proposed density-based separation flowchart as outline in Plan 1 . ( Note, this means you should first implement Plan 1 during Session 2 of the Research Project, and based on the outcomes/experience, “ tune ” or otherwise modify the density-based separation flowchart used when implementing Plan 2 in Session 2 .) For “ 3) identify the separated assigned UNKNOWN plastic fragments by neutral buoyancy ” you should find the Identifying Plastics by Density Infographic particularly helpful! Essentially what you are doing is proposing a procedure that embodies the core process behind the plan to prepare shredded used plastic food containers for recycling, and then proposing to test this with the assigned UNKNOWN , which represent a “ real ” sample.